See microaggression in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for microaggression meaning in English (5.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "micro",
"3": "aggression"
},
"expansion": "micro- + aggression",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Chester M. Pierce",
"in": "1970",
"nat": "American",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "psychiatrist",
"w": "Chester Middlebrook Pierce"
},
"expansion": "coined by American psychiatrist Chester M. Pierce in 1970",
"name": "coin"
}
],
"etymology_text": "micro- + aggression, coined by American psychiatrist Chester M. Pierce in 1970.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "microaggressions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "microaggression (countable and uncountable, plural microaggressions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with micro-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Leftism",
"orig": "en:Leftism",
"parents": [
"Ideologies",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Social justice",
"orig": "en:Social justice",
"parents": [
"Leftism",
"Politics",
"Society",
"Sociology",
"Ideologies",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sociology",
"orig": "en:Sociology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014 February 18, Graeme Hamilton, “McGill student forced to apologize for racial ‘microaggression’ after emailing joke Obama clip”, in National Post, retrieved 2014-02-19",
"text": "At McGill, someone has established a McGill Microaggressions website inviting students and staff to report instances of “sexism, heteropatriarchy, transphobia, classism, racism [and] ableism.”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015 September, Greg Lukianoff, Jonathan Haidt, “The Coddling of the American Mind”, in The Atlantic",
"text": "Two terms have risen quickly from obscurity into common campus parlance. Microaggressions are small actions or word choices that seem on their face to have no malicious intent but that are thought of as a kind of violence nonetheless.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020 March 3, Hahna Yoon, “How to Respond to Microaggressions”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "For many of us, microaggressions are so commonplace that it seems impossible to tackle them one at a time. Psychologists often compare them to death by a thousand cuts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021, John H. McWhorter, chapter 6, in Woke Racism, New York: Forum",
"text": "Ask whether microaggressions merit the same response as physical assault and the Elect do not receive this as a challenging query.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any small-scale verbal or physical interaction between those of different races, cultures, beliefs, or genders that may have no malicious intent, but that can be interpreted as an aggression."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "microassault"
},
{
"word": "microinsult"
},
{
"word": "microinvalidation"
},
{
"word": "nanoaggression"
}
],
"id": "en-microaggression-en-noun-cVJdQJtl",
"links": [
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
],
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"belief",
"belief"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"interpret",
"interpret"
],
[
"aggression",
"aggression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociology, chiefly US) Any small-scale verbal or physical interaction between those of different races, cultures, beliefs, or genders that may have no malicious intent, but that can be interpreted as an aggression."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "microaggress"
},
{
"word": "microaggressive"
},
{
"word": "microaggressor"
},
{
"word": "microinvalidate"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "microagressió"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "mikroaggressio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "micro-agression"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mikroaggression"
},
{
"alt": "微細攻擊",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "misegonggyeok",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "미세공격"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mikroaggressjon"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mikroaggressjon"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mikroagressija",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "микроагрессия"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "microagresión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mikroaggression"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌmaɪ.krəʊ.əˈɡre.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌmaɪ.kroʊ.əˈɡre.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "microaggression"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "micro",
"3": "aggression"
},
"expansion": "micro- + aggression",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Chester M. Pierce",
"in": "1970",
"nat": "American",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "psychiatrist",
"w": "Chester Middlebrook Pierce"
},
"expansion": "coined by American psychiatrist Chester M. Pierce in 1970",
"name": "coin"
}
],
"etymology_text": "micro- + aggression, coined by American psychiatrist Chester M. Pierce in 1970.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "microaggressions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "microaggression (countable and uncountable, plural microaggressions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "microassault"
},
{
"word": "microinsult"
},
{
"word": "microinvalidation"
},
{
"word": "nanoaggression"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "microaggress"
},
{
"word": "microaggressive"
},
{
"word": "microaggressor"
},
{
"word": "microinvalidate"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English 5-syllable words",
"English coinages",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with micro-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Leftism",
"en:Social justice",
"en:Sociology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014 February 18, Graeme Hamilton, “McGill student forced to apologize for racial ‘microaggression’ after emailing joke Obama clip”, in National Post, retrieved 2014-02-19",
"text": "At McGill, someone has established a McGill Microaggressions website inviting students and staff to report instances of “sexism, heteropatriarchy, transphobia, classism, racism [and] ableism.”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015 September, Greg Lukianoff, Jonathan Haidt, “The Coddling of the American Mind”, in The Atlantic",
"text": "Two terms have risen quickly from obscurity into common campus parlance. Microaggressions are small actions or word choices that seem on their face to have no malicious intent but that are thought of as a kind of violence nonetheless.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020 March 3, Hahna Yoon, “How to Respond to Microaggressions”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "For many of us, microaggressions are so commonplace that it seems impossible to tackle them one at a time. Psychologists often compare them to death by a thousand cuts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021, John H. McWhorter, chapter 6, in Woke Racism, New York: Forum",
"text": "Ask whether microaggressions merit the same response as physical assault and the Elect do not receive this as a challenging query.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any small-scale verbal or physical interaction between those of different races, cultures, beliefs, or genders that may have no malicious intent, but that can be interpreted as an aggression."
],
"links": [
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
],
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"belief",
"belief"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"interpret",
"interpret"
],
[
"aggression",
"aggression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociology, chiefly US) Any small-scale verbal or physical interaction between those of different races, cultures, beliefs, or genders that may have no malicious intent, but that can be interpreted as an aggression."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌmaɪ.krəʊ.əˈɡre.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌmaɪ.kroʊ.əˈɡre.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "microagressió"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "mikroaggressio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "micro-agression"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mikroaggression"
},
{
"alt": "微細攻擊",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "misegonggyeok",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "미세공격"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mikroaggressjon"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mikroaggressjon"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mikroagressija",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "микроагрессия"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "microagresión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mikroaggression"
}
],
"word": "microaggression"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.