See microaggression on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "micro",
"3": "aggression"
},
"expansion": "micro- + aggression",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Chester M. Pierce",
"in": "1970",
"nat": "American",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "psychiatrist",
"w": "Chester Middlebrook Pierce"
},
"expansion": "coined by American psychiatrist Chester M. Pierce in 1970",
"name": "coin"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From micro- + aggression, coined by American psychiatrist Chester M. Pierce in 1970.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "microaggressions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "microaggression (countable and uncountable, plural microaggressions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with micro-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Leftism",
"orig": "en:Leftism",
"parents": [
"Ideologies",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Social justice",
"orig": "en:Social justice",
"parents": [
"Leftism",
"Politics",
"Society",
"Sociology",
"Ideologies",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sociology",
"orig": "en:Sociology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014 February 18, Graeme Hamilton, “McGill student forced to apologize for racial ‘microaggression’ after emailing joke Obama clip”, in National Post, retrieved 2014-02-19:",
"text": "At McGill, someone has established a McGill Microaggressions website inviting students and staff to report instances of “sexism, heteropatriarchy, transphobia, classism, racism [and] ableism.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015 September, Greg Lukianoff, Jonathan Haidt, “The Coddling of the American Mind”, in The Atlantic:",
"text": "Two terms have risen quickly from obscurity into common campus parlance. Microaggressions are small actions or word choices that seem on their face to have no malicious intent but that are thought of as a kind of violence nonetheless.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 March 3, Hahna Yoon, “How to Respond to Microaggressions”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "For many of us, microaggressions are so commonplace that it seems impossible to tackle them one at a time. Psychologists often compare them to death by a thousand cuts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021, John H. McWhorter, chapter 6, in Woke Racism, New York: Forum, →ISBN:",
"text": "Ask whether microaggressions merit the same response as physical assault and the Elect do not receive this as a challenging query.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any small-scale verbal or physical interaction between those of different races, cultures, beliefs, or genders that may have no malicious intent, but that can be interpreted as an aggression."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "microassault"
},
{
"word": "microinsult"
},
{
"word": "microinvalidation"
},
{
"word": "nanoaggression"
}
],
"id": "en-microaggression-en-noun-cVJdQJtl",
"links": [
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
],
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"belief",
"belief"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"interpret",
"interpret"
],
[
"aggression",
"aggression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociology, chiefly US) Any small-scale verbal or physical interaction between those of different races, cultures, beliefs, or genders that may have no malicious intent, but that can be interpreted as an aggression."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "microaggress"
},
{
"word": "microaggressive"
},
{
"word": "microaggressor"
},
{
"word": "microinvalidate"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "microagressió"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "微歧視"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "微歧视"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "mikroaggressio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "micro-agression"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mikroaggression"
},
{
"alt": "微細攻擊",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "misegonggyeok",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "미세공격"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mikroaggressjon"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mikroaggressjon"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mikroagresja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "microagressão"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mikroagressija",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "микроагрессия"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "microagresión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mikroaggression"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌmaɪ.krəʊ.əˈɡrɛ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌmaɪ.kroʊ.əˈɡrɛ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "microaggression"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "micro",
"3": "aggression"
},
"expansion": "micro- + aggression",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Chester M. Pierce",
"in": "1970",
"nat": "American",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "psychiatrist",
"w": "Chester Middlebrook Pierce"
},
"expansion": "coined by American psychiatrist Chester M. Pierce in 1970",
"name": "coin"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From micro- + aggression, coined by American psychiatrist Chester M. Pierce in 1970.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "microaggressions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "microaggression (countable and uncountable, plural microaggressions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "microassault"
},
{
"word": "microinsult"
},
{
"word": "microinvalidation"
},
{
"word": "nanoaggression"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "microaggress"
},
{
"word": "microaggressive"
},
{
"word": "microaggressor"
},
{
"word": "microinvalidate"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English coinages",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with micro-",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Leftism",
"en:Social justice",
"en:Sociology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014 February 18, Graeme Hamilton, “McGill student forced to apologize for racial ‘microaggression’ after emailing joke Obama clip”, in National Post, retrieved 2014-02-19:",
"text": "At McGill, someone has established a McGill Microaggressions website inviting students and staff to report instances of “sexism, heteropatriarchy, transphobia, classism, racism [and] ableism.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015 September, Greg Lukianoff, Jonathan Haidt, “The Coddling of the American Mind”, in The Atlantic:",
"text": "Two terms have risen quickly from obscurity into common campus parlance. Microaggressions are small actions or word choices that seem on their face to have no malicious intent but that are thought of as a kind of violence nonetheless.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 March 3, Hahna Yoon, “How to Respond to Microaggressions”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "For many of us, microaggressions are so commonplace that it seems impossible to tackle them one at a time. Psychologists often compare them to death by a thousand cuts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021, John H. McWhorter, chapter 6, in Woke Racism, New York: Forum, →ISBN:",
"text": "Ask whether microaggressions merit the same response as physical assault and the Elect do not receive this as a challenging query.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any small-scale verbal or physical interaction between those of different races, cultures, beliefs, or genders that may have no malicious intent, but that can be interpreted as an aggression."
],
"links": [
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"interaction",
"interaction"
],
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"belief",
"belief"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"interpret",
"interpret"
],
[
"aggression",
"aggression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociology, chiefly US) Any small-scale verbal or physical interaction between those of different races, cultures, beliefs, or genders that may have no malicious intent, but that can be interpreted as an aggression."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌmaɪ.krəʊ.əˈɡrɛ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌmaɪ.kroʊ.əˈɡrɛ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "microagressió"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "微歧視"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "微歧视"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "mikroaggressio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "micro-agression"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mikroaggression"
},
{
"alt": "微細攻擊",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "misegonggyeok",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "미세공격"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mikroaggressjon"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mikroaggressjon"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mikroagresja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"word": "microagressão"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mikroagressija",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "микроагрессия"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "microagresión"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "everyday interaction interpreted as aggression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mikroaggression"
}
],
"word": "microaggression"
}
Download raw JSONL data for microaggression meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.