See laryngeal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for laryngeal meaning in English (18.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "alaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "circumlaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "endolaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "epilaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "extralaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "glossolabiolaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hyolaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hypolaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "intralaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laryngeal artery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laryngealize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laryngeally"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laryngeal nerve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laryngeal pouch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laryngeal prominence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laryngeal sac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laryngeal saccule"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "microlaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nonlaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "otolaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "perilaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pharyngolaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "prelaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "retrolaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sublaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "supralaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "superlaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tracheolaryngeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "translaryngeal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "laryngeus",
"3": "-al",
"lang1": "NL."
},
"expansion": "New Latin laryngeus + -al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "larynx",
"3": "-eus",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "adjectival suffix",
"t1": "larynx"
},
"expansion": "larynx (“larynx”) + -eus (adjectival suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "laryng-",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, laryng- + -al",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ial"
},
"expansion": "-ial",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from New Latin laryngeus + -al, from larynx (“larynx”) + -eus (adjectival suffix). By surface analysis, laryng- + -al or -ial.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "laryngeal (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 27 13 16 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 25 15 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1871, S. G. Cook, “A Case of Hydrophobia”, in William A. Hammond, editor, The Journal of Psychological Medicine: Diseases of the Nervous System, Medical Jurisprudence and Anthropology, volume 5, page 83",
"text": "At sight of it there commenced a series of laryngeal spasms, with clutchings at his throat, far more violent than any I had heretofore seen.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the larynx."
],
"id": "en-laryngeal-en-adj-Gnkn9cUV",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"larynx",
"larynx"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the larynx."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kokordayin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "կոկորդային"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grǎkljánov",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "гръкля́нов"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grǎkljánen",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"topics": [
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "гръкля́нен"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "喉頭的"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hóutóu de",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "喉头的"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hóu de",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "喉的"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "hrtanový"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngální"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "kurkunpään (genitive of noun)",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngé"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngien"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngique"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "larínxeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "kehlkopflich"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "Kehlkopf-"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "laryngikós",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "λαρυγγικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laraingeach"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laringico"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōtō no",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "喉頭の"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "laryngeālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "krtaniowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngalny"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laríngeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laringal"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gortánnyj",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "горта́нный"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "laringeálʹnyj",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "ларингеа́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "lȁringālan"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "gr̀kljanskī"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "hrtanový"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laringeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "gırtlakçıl"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 42",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "larinik"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "en:Phonetics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
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"Fundamental"
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{
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{
"_dis": "12 30 12 24 23",
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},
{
"_dis": "16 29 14 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with laryng-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 25 15 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(of a speech sound) Made by or with constriction of the larynx with only the front part of the vocal cords vibrating, giving a very low frequency and producing what is known as \"creaky voice.\""
],
"id": "en-laryngeal-en-adj-3UOkmE4j",
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"speech",
"speech"
],
[
"constriction",
"constriction"
],
[
"larynx",
"larynx"
],
[
"vocal cord",
"vocal cord"
],
[
"vibrating",
"vibrate"
],
[
"frequency",
"frequency"
],
[
"creaky",
"creaky"
],
[
"voice",
"voice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics, relational) (of a speech sound) Made by or with constriction of the larynx with only the front part of the vocal cords vibrating, giving a very low frequency and producing what is known as \"creaky voice.\""
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɛɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlæɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒiəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnʒiəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːəl"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "laryngal"
}
],
"word": "laryngeal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "laryngeus",
"3": "-al",
"lang1": "NL."
},
"expansion": "New Latin laryngeus + -al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "larynx",
"3": "-eus",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "adjectival suffix",
"t1": "larynx"
},
"expansion": "larynx (“larynx”) + -eus (adjectival suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "laryng-",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, laryng- + -al",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ial"
},
"expansion": "-ial",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from New Latin laryngeus + -al, from larynx (“larynx”) + -eus (adjectival suffix). By surface analysis, laryng- + -al or -ial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laryngeals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "laryngeal (plural laryngeals)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
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{
"_dis": "17 27 13 16 27",
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{
"_dis": "15 25 15 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An anatomical part (such as a nerve or artery) that supplies or is associated with the larynx."
],
"id": "en-laryngeal-en-noun-iBmA5ji6",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"anatomical",
"anatomical"
],
[
"nerve",
"nerve"
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[
"artery",
"artery"
],
[
"supplies",
"supply"
],
[
"larynx",
"larynx"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) An anatomical part (such as a nerve or artery) that supplies or is associated with the larynx."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "en:Phonetics",
"parents": [
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"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
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{
"_dis": "17 27 13 16 27",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "15 25 15 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sound uttered by using the larynx."
],
"id": "en-laryngeal-en-noun-XK9YsJgh",
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"utter",
"utter"
],
[
"larynx",
"larynx"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) A sound uttered by using the larynx."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kokordayin",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"word": "կոկորդային"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grǎkljánen zvuk",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гръкля́нен звук"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hóuyīn",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"word": "喉音"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kehlkopflaut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "suono laringale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laringal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gortánnyj zvuk",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горта́нный звук"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
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"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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"kind": "other",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 25 15 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 25 10 20 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Indo-European studies",
"orig": "en:Indo-European studies",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1940, J. Alexander Kerns, Benjamin Schwartz, “The Laryngeal Hypothesis and Indo-Hittite, Indo-European Vocalism”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society, volume 60, number 2, →DOI, page 183",
"text": "The vowel-coloring effects of the IH laryngeals cannot be considered apart from the vowel-reducing effect of the IH stress accent[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1995, Andrew L. Sihler, New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, New York: Oxford University Press, page viii",
"text": "[…]it is not only different from Buck's in the linguistics (laryngeals have seen to that); it is very different in scope and aim.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Donald Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 15",
"text": "Finally, it should be noted that laryngeals not adjacent to syllabics were apparently deleted by three different rules.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In Proto-Indo-European, one of the typically three reconstructed consonants usually marked as ⟨h₁⟩, ⟨h₂⟩ and ⟨h₃⟩."
],
"id": "en-laryngeal-en-noun-lI3D-2hL",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-European"
],
[
"reconstruct",
"reconstruct"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"qualifier": "Indo-European linguistics",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Indo-European linguistics) In Proto-Indo-European, one of the typically three reconstructed consonants usually marked as ⟨h₁⟩, ⟨h₂⟩ and ⟨h₃⟩."
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 26 67",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kokordayin",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"word": "կոկորդային"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 26 67",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "laringál",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ларинга́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 26 67",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laryngála"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 26 67",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Laryngal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 26 67",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laringale"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 26 67",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laryngał"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 26 67",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"word": "laringeal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 26 67",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "laringál",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ларинга́л"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɛɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlæɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒiəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnʒiəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "laryngal"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"laryngeal theory"
],
"word": "laryngeal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms prefixed with laryng-",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Rhymes:English/iːəl",
"Rhymes:English/iːəl/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒiəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒiəl/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒəl/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnʒiəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnʒiəl/4 syllables",
"en:Indo-European studies"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "alaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "circumlaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "endolaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "epilaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "extralaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "glossolabiolaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "hyolaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "hypolaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "intralaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "laryngeal artery"
},
{
"word": "laryngealize"
},
{
"word": "laryngeally"
},
{
"word": "laryngeal nerve"
},
{
"word": "laryngeal pouch"
},
{
"word": "laryngeal prominence"
},
{
"word": "laryngeal sac"
},
{
"word": "laryngeal saccule"
},
{
"word": "microlaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "nonlaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "otolaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "perilaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "pharyngolaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "prelaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "retrolaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "sublaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "supralaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "superlaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "tracheolaryngeal"
},
{
"word": "translaryngeal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "laryngeus",
"3": "-al",
"lang1": "NL."
},
"expansion": "New Latin laryngeus + -al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "larynx",
"3": "-eus",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "adjectival suffix",
"t1": "larynx"
},
"expansion": "larynx (“larynx”) + -eus (adjectival suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "laryng-",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, laryng- + -al",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ial"
},
"expansion": "-ial",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from New Latin laryngeus + -al, from larynx (“larynx”) + -eus (adjectival suffix). By surface analysis, laryng- + -al or -ial.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "laryngeal (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English relational adjectives",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1871, S. G. Cook, “A Case of Hydrophobia”, in William A. Hammond, editor, The Journal of Psychological Medicine: Diseases of the Nervous System, Medical Jurisprudence and Anthropology, volume 5, page 83",
"text": "At sight of it there commenced a series of laryngeal spasms, with clutchings at his throat, far more violent than any I had heretofore seen.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the larynx."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"larynx",
"larynx"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy, relational) Of or pertaining to the larynx."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English relational adjectives",
"en:Phonetics"
],
"glosses": [
"(of a speech sound) Made by or with constriction of the larynx with only the front part of the vocal cords vibrating, giving a very low frequency and producing what is known as \"creaky voice.\""
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"speech",
"speech"
],
[
"constriction",
"constriction"
],
[
"larynx",
"larynx"
],
[
"vocal cord",
"vocal cord"
],
[
"vibrating",
"vibrate"
],
[
"frequency",
"frequency"
],
[
"creaky",
"creaky"
],
[
"voice",
"voice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics, relational) (of a speech sound) Made by or with constriction of the larynx with only the front part of the vocal cords vibrating, giving a very low frequency and producing what is known as \"creaky voice.\""
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"relational"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɛɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlæɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒiəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnʒiəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "laryngal"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kokordayin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "կոկորդային"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grǎkljánov",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "гръкля́нов"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grǎkljánen",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"topics": [
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "гръкля́нен"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "喉頭的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hóutóu de",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "喉头的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hóu de",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "喉的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "hrtanový"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngální"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "kurkunpään (genitive of noun)",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngé"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngien"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngique"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "larínxeo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "kehlkopflich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "Kehlkopf-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "laryngikós",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "λαρυγγικός"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laraingeach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laringico"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōtō no",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "喉頭の"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "laryngeālis"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngicus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "krtaniowy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laryngalny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laríngeo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laringal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gortánnyj",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "горта́нный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "laringeálʹnyj",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "ларингеа́льный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "lȁringālan"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "gr̀kljanskī"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "hrtanový"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "laringeo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "gırtlakçıl"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "of or pertaining to larynx",
"word": "larinik"
}
],
"word": "laryngeal"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms prefixed with laryng-",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Rhymes:English/iːəl",
"Rhymes:English/iːəl/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒiəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒiəl/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪndʒəl/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnʒiəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪnʒiəl/4 syllables",
"en:Indo-European studies"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "laryngeus",
"3": "-al",
"lang1": "NL."
},
"expansion": "New Latin laryngeus + -al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "larynx",
"3": "-eus",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "adjectival suffix",
"t1": "larynx"
},
"expansion": "larynx (“larynx”) + -eus (adjectival suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "laryng-",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, laryng- + -al",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ial"
},
"expansion": "-ial",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from New Latin laryngeus + -al, from larynx (“larynx”) + -eus (adjectival suffix). By surface analysis, laryng- + -al or -ial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laryngeals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "laryngeal (plural laryngeals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"An anatomical part (such as a nerve or artery) that supplies or is associated with the larynx."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"anatomical",
"anatomical"
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[
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[
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[
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"supply"
],
[
"larynx",
"larynx"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) An anatomical part (such as a nerve or artery) that supplies or is associated with the larynx."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Phonetics"
],
"glosses": [
"A sound uttered by using the larynx."
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"utter",
"utter"
],
[
"larynx",
"larynx"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) A sound uttered by using the larynx."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1940, J. Alexander Kerns, Benjamin Schwartz, “The Laryngeal Hypothesis and Indo-Hittite, Indo-European Vocalism”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society, volume 60, number 2, →DOI, page 183",
"text": "The vowel-coloring effects of the IH laryngeals cannot be considered apart from the vowel-reducing effect of the IH stress accent[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1995, Andrew L. Sihler, New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, New York: Oxford University Press, page viii",
"text": "[…]it is not only different from Buck's in the linguistics (laryngeals have seen to that); it is very different in scope and aim.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Donald Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 15",
"text": "Finally, it should be noted that laryngeals not adjacent to syllabics were apparently deleted by three different rules.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In Proto-Indo-European, one of the typically three reconstructed consonants usually marked as ⟨h₁⟩, ⟨h₂⟩ and ⟨h₃⟩."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-European"
],
[
"reconstruct",
"reconstruct"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"qualifier": "Indo-European linguistics",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Indo-European linguistics) In Proto-Indo-European, one of the typically three reconstructed consonants usually marked as ⟨h₁⟩, ⟨h₂⟩ and ⟨h₃⟩."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ləˈɹɪn.d͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɛɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlæɹ.ənˈd͡ʒi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒiəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnʒiəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪndʒəl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-laryngeal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "laryngal"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kokordayin",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"word": "կոկորդային"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grǎkljánen zvuk",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гръкля́нен звук"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hóuyīn",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"word": "喉音"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kehlkopflaut"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "suono laringale"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laringal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gortánnyj zvuk",
"sense": "laryngeal sound",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горта́нный звук"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kokordayin",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"word": "կոկորդային"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "laringál",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ларинга́л"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laryngála"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Laryngal"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laringale"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laryngał"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"word": "laringeal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "laringál",
"sense": "reconstructed consonant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ларинга́л"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"laryngeal theory"
],
"word": "laryngeal"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.