"incivility" meaning in English

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      "expansion": "Middle French incivilité",
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "incivilitas",
        "t": "incivility"
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      "expansion": "Late Latin incivilitas (“incivility”)",
      "name": "der"
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  "etymology_text": "From Middle French incivilité, from Late Latin incivilitas (“incivility”), from Latin incivilis (“impolite, uncivil”), from in- (privative prefix) + civilis (“belonging to a citizen, civic, political, urbane, courteous, civil”) (from civis (“a citizen”)), equivalent to in- + civility.",
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  "hyphenation": [
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "incivil"
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      "word": "discourtesy"
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      "word": "disrespect"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "impoliteness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "rudeness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "uncourteousness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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          "ref": "c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:",
          "text": "Courtezan. How say you now? is not your husband mad? / Adriana. His incivility confirms no less.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "1668, David Lloyd, Memoires of the Lives, Actions, Sufferings, and Deaths of those Noble, Reverend, and Excellent Personages that suffered by Death, Sequestration, Decimation, and otherwise for the Protestant Religion, London: Samuel Speed, “The Life and Death of Robert Berkley,” p. 96,\nBeat on proud Billows, Boreas blow,\nSwell curled Waves, high as Jove’s roof,\nYour incivility doth show,\nThat Innocence is tempest proof."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1811, [Jane Austen], chapter XXXI, in Sense and Sensibility […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] C[harles] Roworth, […], and published by T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:",
          "text": "Little did Mr. Willoughby imagine, I suppose, when his looks censured me for incivility in breaking up the party, that I was called away to the relief of one whom he had made poor and miserable […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1927 May, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in To the Lighthouse (Uniform Edition of the Works of Virginia Woolf), new edition, London: Leonard and Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, […], published 1930, →OCLC, part I (The Window), page 15:",
          "text": "[S]he could not bear incivility to her guests, to young men in particular, […]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner."
      ],
      "id": "en-incivility-en-noun-KGYpRCi~",
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          "state",
          "state#Noun"
        ],
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          "uncivil",
          "uncivil"
        ],
        [
          "courtesy",
          "courtesy"
        ],
        [
          "rudeness",
          "rudeness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "impoliteness"
        }
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      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "86 3 12",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "grubost",
          "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "грубост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 3 12",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "neučtivost",
          "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "неучтивост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 3 12",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "incivilitat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 3 12",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
          "word": "epäkohteliaisuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 3 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "unhöfliches Benehmen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 3 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Unhöflichkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 3 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Grobheit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 3 12",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "incivilidad"
        }
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          "ref": "1626, Ovid, “(please specify the page)”, in George Sandys, transl., Ovid’s Metamorphosis Englished […], London: […] William Stansby, →OCLC:",
          "text": "Latona, in her flight from Juno, is churlishly intreated by the Lycian pesants, and denied the publique benefit of water: for which incivility these bawling Clownes are changed into croaking froggs, and confined unto that Lake for ever.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "a. 1639 (date written), Henry Wotton, “[Letters, &c. and Characters of Sundry Personages, […].] My Deare Nic. Pey.”, in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ. Or, A Collection of Lives, Letters, Poems; […], London: […] Thomas Maxey, for R[ichard] Marriot, G[abriel] Bedel, and T[imothy] Garthwait, published 1651, →OCLC, page 507:",
          "text": "In truth, vve thought it (coming immediately from an infected place) an hazardous incivilitie, to put our ſelves upon them; for if any ſiniſter accident had fallen out about the ſame time (for Coincidents are not alvvaies Cauſes) vve ſhould have rued it for ever.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter IV”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume I, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC, page 26:",
          "text": "Mr. Lovelace, for three days together, sent twice each day to inquire after my brother’s health; and, altho’ he received rude, and even shocking returns, he thought fit, on the fourth day, to make in person the fame inquiries; and received still greater incivilities from my two uncles, who happen’d to be both there.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1889, Sabine Baring-Gould, “A Face in the Dark” in Pennycomequicks, London: Spencer, Blackett & Hallam, Volume II, p. 54",
          "text": "When my poor Sidebottom was alive, if there had been any unpleasantness between us during the day … I have shaken him at night to wake him up, that he might receive my pardon for an incivility said or done."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any act of rudeness or ill-breeding."
      ],
      "id": "en-incivility-en-noun-Vwo3CmAv",
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          "ill",
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        "(countable) Any act of rudeness or ill-breeding."
      ],
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        "countable"
      ]
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        {
          "ref": "1781, [Mostyn John Armstrong], History and Antiquities of the County of Norfolk. Volume IX. Containing the Hundreds of Smithdon, Taverham, Tunstead, Walsham, and Wayland, volume IX, Norwich: Printed by J. Crouse, for M. Booth, bookseller, →OCLC, page 51:",
          "text": "BEAT on, proud billows; Boreas blow; / Swell, curled waves, high as Jove's roof; / Your incivility doth ſhow, / That innocence is tempeſt proof; / Though ſurly Nereus frown, my thoughts are calm; / Then ſtrike, Affliction, for thy wounds are balm. [Attributed to Roger L'Estrange (1616–1704).]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Lack of civilization; a state of rudeness or barbarism."
      ],
      "id": "en-incivility-en-noun-fjY2EGK4",
      "links": [
        [
          "civilization",
          "civilization"
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          "barbarism",
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) Lack of civilization; a state of rudeness or barbarism."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
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    "Terms with Catalan translations",
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    "Terms with Spanish translations"
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        "3": "incivilitas",
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      "expansion": "Late Latin incivilitas (“incivility”)",
      "name": "der"
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  "etymology_text": "From Middle French incivilité, from Late Latin incivilitas (“incivility”), from Latin incivilis (“impolite, uncivil”), from in- (privative prefix) + civilis (“belonging to a citizen, civic, political, urbane, courteous, civil”) (from civis (“a citizen”)), equivalent to in- + civility.",
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      "expansion": "incivility (countable and uncountable, plural incivilities)",
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "incivil"
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    {
      "word": "discourtesy"
    },
    {
      "word": "disrespect"
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      "word": "impoliteness"
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    {
      "word": "rudeness"
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      "word": "uncourteousness"
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          "ref": "c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:",
          "text": "Courtezan. How say you now? is not your husband mad? / Adriana. His incivility confirms no less.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "1668, David Lloyd, Memoires of the Lives, Actions, Sufferings, and Deaths of those Noble, Reverend, and Excellent Personages that suffered by Death, Sequestration, Decimation, and otherwise for the Protestant Religion, London: Samuel Speed, “The Life and Death of Robert Berkley,” p. 96,\nBeat on proud Billows, Boreas blow,\nSwell curled Waves, high as Jove’s roof,\nYour incivility doth show,\nThat Innocence is tempest proof."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1811, [Jane Austen], chapter XXXI, in Sense and Sensibility […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] C[harles] Roworth, […], and published by T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:",
          "text": "Little did Mr. Willoughby imagine, I suppose, when his looks censured me for incivility in breaking up the party, that I was called away to the relief of one whom he had made poor and miserable […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1927 May, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in To the Lighthouse (Uniform Edition of the Works of Virginia Woolf), new edition, London: Leonard and Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, […], published 1930, →OCLC, part I (The Window), page 15:",
          "text": "[S]he could not bear incivility to her guests, to young men in particular, […]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner."
      ],
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          "state",
          "state#Noun"
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) The state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "impoliteness"
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      "tags": [
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          "ref": "1626, Ovid, “(please specify the page)”, in George Sandys, transl., Ovid’s Metamorphosis Englished […], London: […] William Stansby, →OCLC:",
          "text": "Latona, in her flight from Juno, is churlishly intreated by the Lycian pesants, and denied the publique benefit of water: for which incivility these bawling Clownes are changed into croaking froggs, and confined unto that Lake for ever.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "a. 1639 (date written), Henry Wotton, “[Letters, &c. and Characters of Sundry Personages, […].] My Deare Nic. Pey.”, in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ. Or, A Collection of Lives, Letters, Poems; […], London: […] Thomas Maxey, for R[ichard] Marriot, G[abriel] Bedel, and T[imothy] Garthwait, published 1651, →OCLC, page 507:",
          "text": "In truth, vve thought it (coming immediately from an infected place) an hazardous incivilitie, to put our ſelves upon them; for if any ſiniſter accident had fallen out about the ſame time (for Coincidents are not alvvaies Cauſes) vve ſhould have rued it for ever.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter IV”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume I, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC, page 26:",
          "text": "Mr. Lovelace, for three days together, sent twice each day to inquire after my brother’s health; and, altho’ he received rude, and even shocking returns, he thought fit, on the fourth day, to make in person the fame inquiries; and received still greater incivilities from my two uncles, who happen’d to be both there.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1889, Sabine Baring-Gould, “A Face in the Dark” in Pennycomequicks, London: Spencer, Blackett & Hallam, Volume II, p. 54",
          "text": "When my poor Sidebottom was alive, if there had been any unpleasantness between us during the day … I have shaken him at night to wake him up, that he might receive my pardon for an incivility said or done."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any act of rudeness or ill-breeding."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ill",
          "ill"
        ],
        [
          "breeding",
          "breeding"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable) Any act of rudeness or ill-breeding."
      ],
      "tags": [
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          "ref": "1781, [Mostyn John Armstrong], History and Antiquities of the County of Norfolk. Volume IX. Containing the Hundreds of Smithdon, Taverham, Tunstead, Walsham, and Wayland, volume IX, Norwich: Printed by J. Crouse, for M. Booth, bookseller, →OCLC, page 51:",
          "text": "BEAT on, proud billows; Boreas blow; / Swell, curled waves, high as Jove's roof; / Your incivility doth ſhow, / That innocence is tempeſt proof; / Though ſurly Nereus frown, my thoughts are calm; / Then ſtrike, Affliction, for thy wounds are balm. [Attributed to Roger L'Estrange (1616–1704).]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Lack of civilization; a state of rudeness or barbarism."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "civilization",
          "civilization"
        ],
        [
          "barbarism",
          "barbarism"
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) Lack of civilization; a state of rudeness or barbarism."
      ],
      "tags": [
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  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "grubost",
      "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "грубост"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "neučtivost",
      "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "неучтивост"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "incivilitat"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
      "word": "epäkohteliaisuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "unhöfliches Benehmen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Unhöflichkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Grobheit"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "state of being uncivil; lack of courtesy; rudeness in manner",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "incivilidad"
    }
  ],
  "word": "incivility"
}