"impend" meaning in English

See impend in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ɪmˈpɛnd/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-impend.wav Forms: impends [present, singular, third-person], impending [participle, present], impended [participle, past], impended [past]
Rhymes: -ɛnd Etymology: Borrowed from Latin impendere (“to hang over, to weigh out”), 1590s. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*(s)pend-}}, {{bor|en|la|impendere||to hang over, to weigh out}} Latin impendere (“to hang over, to weigh out”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} impend (third-person singular simple present impends, present participle impending, simple past and past participle impended)
  1. (obsolete) To hang or be suspended over (something); to overhang. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-impend-en-verb-ssAFKR6U
  2. (intransitive, figurative) To hang over (someone) as a threat or danger. Tags: figuratively, intransitive
    Sense id: en-impend-en-verb-hqSpebLw Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 5 78 15 2 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 9 74 10 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 7 82 8 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 88 5 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 11 72 10 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 12 72 10 6 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 10 73 11 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 8 74 11 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 8 74 11 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 8 74 10 7
  3. (intransitive) To threaten to happen; to be about to happen, to be imminent. Tags: intransitive Translations (be about to happen): предстоя (predstoja) (Bulgarian), застрашавам (zastrašavam) (Bulgarian), hrozit [imperfective] (Czech), bevorstehen (German), drohen (German), sich ankündigen (German), imminere (Latin), надвигаться (nadvigatʹsja) [imperfective] (Russian), inminer (Spanish), impender (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-impend-en-verb-zfCQ~BQU Categories (other): English terms with collocations Disambiguation of 'be about to happen': 1 5 94 0
  4. (obsolete) To pay. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-impend-en-verb-nNh2QLlF

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)pend-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "impendere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hang over, to weigh out"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin impendere (“to hang over, to weigh out”)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin impendere (“to hang over, to weigh out”), 1590s.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "impends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "impending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "impended",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "impended",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "impend (third-person singular simple present impends, present participle impending, simple past and past participle impended)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1789, John Moore, Zeluco, Valancourt, published 2008, page 210:",
          "text": "The Earl had often heard of a rich citizen […] and the peculiar charm of a little snug rotunda which he had just finished on the verge of his ground, and which impended the great London road.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1857, Samuel Prideaux Tregelles, “עַל (Strong's H5921) definition (A)(3)(a)”, in Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon, London: Samuel Bagster and Sons, retrieved 2015-09-27:",
          "text": "when a thing really impends over another, e.g. when one stands at a fountain (עַל־עֵין), over which one really leans\nWhen a thing really impends over another, e.g. when one stands at a fountain (עַל־עֵין), over which one really leans.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hang or be suspended over (something); to overhang."
      ],
      "id": "en-impend-en-verb-ssAFKR6U",
      "links": [
        [
          "hang",
          "hang"
        ],
        [
          "suspended",
          "suspended"
        ],
        [
          "over",
          "over#English"
        ],
        [
          "overhang",
          "overhang"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To hang or be suspended over (something); to overhang."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 78 15 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 74 10 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 82 8 3",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 88 5 3",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 72 10 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 72 10 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 73 11 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 74 11 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 74 11 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 74 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hang over (someone) as a threat or danger."
      ],
      "id": "en-impend-en-verb-hqSpebLw",
      "links": [
        [
          "hang",
          "hang"
        ],
        [
          "threat",
          "threat"
        ],
        [
          "danger",
          "danger"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, figurative) To hang over (someone) as a threat or danger."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "impending doom",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To threaten to happen; to be about to happen, to be imminent."
      ],
      "id": "en-impend-en-verb-zfCQ~BQU",
      "links": [
        [
          "threaten",
          "threaten"
        ],
        [
          "happen",
          "happen"
        ],
        [
          "imminent",
          "imminent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To threaten to happen; to be about to happen, to be imminent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "predstoja",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "word": "предстоя"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "zastrašavam",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "word": "застрашавам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "hrozit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "word": "bevorstehen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "word": "drohen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "word": "sich ankündigen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "word": "imminere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "nadvigatʹsja",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "надвигаться"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "word": "inminer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 5 94 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "be about to happen",
          "word": "impender"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To pay."
      ],
      "id": "en-impend-en-verb-nNh2QLlF",
      "links": [
        [
          "pay",
          "pay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To pay."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪmˈpɛnd/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-impend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-impend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-impend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-impend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-impend.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "impend"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)pend-",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)pend-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "impendere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hang over, to weigh out"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin impendere (“to hang over, to weigh out”)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin impendere (“to hang over, to weigh out”), 1590s.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "impends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "impending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "impended",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "impended",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "impend (third-person singular simple present impends, present participle impending, simple past and past participle impended)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1789, John Moore, Zeluco, Valancourt, published 2008, page 210:",
          "text": "The Earl had often heard of a rich citizen […] and the peculiar charm of a little snug rotunda which he had just finished on the verge of his ground, and which impended the great London road.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1857, Samuel Prideaux Tregelles, “עַל (Strong's H5921) definition (A)(3)(a)”, in Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon, London: Samuel Bagster and Sons, retrieved 2015-09-27:",
          "text": "when a thing really impends over another, e.g. when one stands at a fountain (עַל־עֵין), over which one really leans\nWhen a thing really impends over another, e.g. when one stands at a fountain (עַל־עֵין), over which one really leans.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hang or be suspended over (something); to overhang."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hang",
          "hang"
        ],
        [
          "suspended",
          "suspended"
        ],
        [
          "over",
          "over#English"
        ],
        [
          "overhang",
          "overhang"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To hang or be suspended over (something); to overhang."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hang over (someone) as a threat or danger."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hang",
          "hang"
        ],
        [
          "threat",
          "threat"
        ],
        [
          "danger",
          "danger"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, figurative) To hang over (someone) as a threat or danger."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "impending doom",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To threaten to happen; to be about to happen, to be imminent."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "threaten",
          "threaten"
        ],
        [
          "happen",
          "happen"
        ],
        [
          "imminent",
          "imminent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To threaten to happen; to be about to happen, to be imminent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To pay."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pay",
          "pay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To pay."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪmˈpɛnd/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-impend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-impend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-impend.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "predstoja",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "word": "предстоя"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "zastrašavam",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "word": "застрашавам"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "hrozit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "word": "bevorstehen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "word": "drohen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "word": "sich ankündigen"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "word": "imminere"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nadvigatʹsja",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "надвигаться"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "word": "inminer"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "be about to happen",
      "word": "impender"
    }
  ],
  "word": "impend"
}

Download raw JSONL data for impend meaning in English (5.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.