See hard sign in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "soft sign"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "твёрдый знак"
},
"expansion": "Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak)",
"name": "calque"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hard signs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hard sign (plural hard signs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chuvash translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tuvan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cyrillic letter names",
"orig": "en:Cyrillic letter names",
"parents": [
"Letter names",
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Names",
"Orthography",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Writing",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Lemmas",
"Human",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Cyrillic letter Ъ/ъ, which in modern languages serves to denote a hard (non-palatalized) consonant."
],
"id": "en-hard_sign-en-noun-TqDSCA1v",
"links": [
[
"Ъ",
"Ъ#Translingual"
],
[
"ъ",
"ъ#Translingual"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"palatalized",
"palatalized"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "ъ; usage of in Russian",
"word": "ъ"
},
{
"english": "ъ; usage of in Bulgarian",
"roman": "ǎ",
"word": "ъ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "yer"
},
{
"word": "back yer"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cvjórdy znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цвёрды знак"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "er goljám",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ер голя́м"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "tverdŷj znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "твердый знак"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "ir",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ір"
},
{
"code": "cv",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "hyt̬ălăh palli",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"word": "хытӑлӑх палли"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvrdý znak"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hard teken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"word": "kova merkki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "signe dur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hartes Zeichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Hartheitszeichen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "segno duro"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tvrd znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тврд знак"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "golem er",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "голем ер"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xatuugiin temdeg",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"word": "хатуугийн тэмдэг"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "jerŭ",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ѥръ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "twardy znak"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "semn tare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tvjórdyj znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "твёрдый знак"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "jer",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ер"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvrdy znak"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "signo duro"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "kadıg demdek",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"word": "кадыг демдек"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tverdýj znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тверди́й знак"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"hard sign"
]
}
],
"word": "hard sign"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "soft sign"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "твёрдый знак"
},
"expansion": "Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak)",
"name": "calque"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hard signs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hard sign (plural hard signs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "ъ; usage of in Russian",
"word": "ъ"
},
{
"english": "ъ; usage of in Bulgarian",
"roman": "ǎ",
"word": "ъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with redundant script codes",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English terms calqued from Russian",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations",
"Terms with Chuvash translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tuvan translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"en:Cyrillic letter names"
],
"glosses": [
"The Cyrillic letter Ъ/ъ, which in modern languages serves to denote a hard (non-palatalized) consonant."
],
"links": [
[
"Ъ",
"Ъ#Translingual"
],
[
"ъ",
"ъ#Translingual"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"palatalized",
"palatalized"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"hard sign"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "yer"
},
{
"word": "back yer"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cvjórdy znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цвёрды знак"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "er goljám",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ер голя́м"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "tverdŷj znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "твердый знак"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "ir",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ір"
},
{
"code": "cv",
"lang": "Chuvash",
"roman": "hyt̬ălăh palli",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"word": "хытӑлӑх палли"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvrdý znak"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hard teken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"word": "kova merkki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "signe dur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hartes Zeichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Hartheitszeichen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "segno duro"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tvrd znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тврд знак"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "golem er",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "голем ер"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xatuugiin temdeg",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"word": "хатуугийн тэмдэг"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "jerŭ",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ѥръ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "twardy znak"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "semn tare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tvjórdyj znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "твёрдый знак"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "jer",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ер"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tvrdy znak"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "signo duro"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "kadıg demdek",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"word": "кадыг демдек"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tverdýj znak",
"sense": "Cyrillic letter \"Ъ/ъ\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тверди́й знак"
}
],
"word": "hard sign"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hard sign meaning in English (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.