twardy znak in Polish

IPA: /ˈtfar.dɨ znak/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Rhymes: -ak Etymology: Literally, “hard sign”. Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak). Etymology templates: {{m-g|hard sign}} “hard sign”, {{lit|hard sign}} Literally, “hard sign”, {{calque|pl|ru|твёрдый знак}} Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak) Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in}} twardy znak m inan Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-phrase|adj-m-in|m-in}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], twardy znak [nominative, singular], twarde znaki [nominative, plural], twardego znaku [genitive, singular], twardych znaków [genitive, plural], twardemu znakowi [dative, singular], twardym znakom [dative, plural], twardy znak [accusative, singular], twarde znaki [accusative, plural], twardym znakiem [instrumental, singular], twardymi znakami [instrumental, plural], twardym znaku [locative, singular], twardych znakach [locative, plural], twardy znaku [singular, vocative], twarde znaki [plural, vocative]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hard sign"
      },
      "expansion": "“hard sign”",
      "name": "m-g"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hard sign"
      },
      "expansion": "Literally, “hard sign”",
      "name": "lit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "твёрдый знак"
      },
      "expansion": "Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak)",
      "name": "calque"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Literally, “hard sign”. Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-phrase",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardy znak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twarde znaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardego znaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardych znaków",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardemu znakowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardym znakom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardy znak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twarde znaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardym znakiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardymi znakami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardym znaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardych znakach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardy znaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twarde znaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "twardy znak m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adj-m-in",
        "2": "m-in"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-phrase"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "miękki znak"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "pl:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard sign"
      ],
      "id": "en-twardy_znak-pl-noun-rJCxV22d",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "hard sign",
          "hard sign"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) hard sign"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtfar.dɨ znak/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ak"
    }
  ],
  "word": "twardy znak"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hard sign"
      },
      "expansion": "“hard sign”",
      "name": "m-g"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hard sign"
      },
      "expansion": "Literally, “hard sign”",
      "name": "lit"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "твёрдый знак"
      },
      "expansion": "Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak)",
      "name": "calque"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Literally, “hard sign”. Calque of Russian твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-phrase",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardy znak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twarde znaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardego znaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardych znaków",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardemu znakowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardym znakom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardy znak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twarde znaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardym znakiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardymi znakami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardym znaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardych znakach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twardy znaku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twarde znaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "twardy znak m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adj-m-in",
        "2": "m-in"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-phrase"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "miękki znak"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Polish inanimate nouns",
        "Polish lemmas",
        "Polish links with manual fragments",
        "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Polish masculine nouns",
        "Polish multiword terms",
        "Polish nouns",
        "Polish terms calqued from Russian",
        "Polish terms derived from Russian",
        "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Rhymes:Polish/ak",
        "pl:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard sign"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "hard sign",
          "hard sign"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) hard sign"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtfar.dɨ znak/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ak"
    }
  ],
  "word": "twardy znak"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"twardy znak" meaning in Polish

Noun