See greave in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for greave meaning in English (13.5kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grǣfe"
},
"expansion": "Old English grǣfe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "græfe",
"3": "grǣfa",
"4": "bush, bramble, grove, thicket, copse, brush-wood (for burning), fuel"
},
"expansion": "grǣfa (“bush, bramble, grove, thicket, copse, brush-wood (for burning), fuel”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grōbō",
"t": "ditch, hole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grōbō (“ditch, hole”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Scots greve",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "greave",
"t": "grove"
},
"expansion": "greave (“grove”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*grainiz",
"3": "",
"4": "twig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grainiz (“twig”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "grein",
"3": "",
"4": "branch, bough"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grein (“branch, bough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grāf"
},
"expansion": "Old English grāf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grāfa",
"3": "",
"4": "grove"
},
"expansion": "grāfa (“grove”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grove"
},
"expansion": "grove",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greve, from Old English grǣfe, grǣfa (“bush, bramble, grove, thicket, copse, brush-wood (for burning), fuel”), probably related to Proto-Germanic *grōbō (“ditch, hole”).\nCognate with Scots greve, greave (“grove”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *grainiz (“twig”), of unknown origin, whence Old Norse grein (“branch, bough”). Closely related to Old English grāf, grāfa (“grove”). See grove.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "greaves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "greave (plural greaves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 8 13 25 15",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "en:Trees",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bush; a tree; a grove."
],
"id": "en-greave-en-noun-yhuOehJ9",
"links": [
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A bush; a tree; a grove."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A bough; a branch."
],
"id": "en-greave-en-noun-hAtp3aNO",
"links": [
[
"bough",
"bough"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A bough; a branch."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/"
},
{
"homophone": "grieve"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grēv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"greave"
],
"word": "greave"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "greyve"
},
"expansion": "greyve",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grǣfa"
},
"expansion": "Old English grǣfa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grēfa",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, cave, hole, grave, trench"
},
"expansion": "grēfa (“pit, cave, hole, grave, trench”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grēbō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grēbō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*grōbō",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, ditch"
},
"expansion": "*grōbō (“pit, ditch”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "groove",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of groove",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrebʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to dig, scratch, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "groop",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, sewer, gutter"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian groop (“pit, sewer, gutter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "groef",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, hole, gutter"
},
"expansion": "Dutch groef (“pit, hole, gutter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Grube",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, hole"
},
"expansion": "German Grube (“pit, hole”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gröf",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, grave"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic gröf (“pit, grave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "grave",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greve, greyve, from Old English grǣfa, grēfa (“pit, cave, hole, grave, trench”), from Proto-Germanic *grēbō, an ablaut variant of to *grōbō (“pit, ditch”) (whence doublet of groove) , from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). Cognate with North Frisian groop (“pit, sewer, gutter”), Dutch groef (“pit, hole, gutter”), German Grube (“pit, hole”), Icelandic gröf (“pit, grave”). Also related to grave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "greaves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "greave (plural greaves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A ditch or trench."
],
"id": "en-greave-en-noun-L~HdCzwD",
"links": [
[
"ditch",
"ditch"
],
[
"trench",
"trench"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A ditch or trench."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/"
},
{
"homophone": "grieve"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grēv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"greave"
],
"word": "greave"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grayve"
},
"expansion": "grayve",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "greve",
"4": "",
"5": "shin"
},
"expansion": "Old French greve (“shin”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arz",
"2": "جورب",
"3": "",
"4": "stocking, leg cover"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian Arabic جورب (“stocking, leg cover”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "greve",
"t": "part in the hair"
},
"expansion": "greve (“part in the hair”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "graver",
"t": "to part (the hair); engrave"
},
"expansion": "graver (“to part (the hair); engrave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*graban",
"t": "to engrave"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *graban (“to engrave”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greve, grayve, from Old French greve (“shin”), of uncertain origin; possibly from Egyptian Arabic جورب (“stocking, leg cover”). Watkins suggests a connection with greve (“part in the hair”), due to the resemblance of the medial ridge to a part in the hair, from graver (“to part (the hair); engrave”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *graban (“to engrave”); if so, related to Etymology 2 above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "greaves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "greave (plural greaves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 1 13 47 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 20 48 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 100 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "en:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "greaved"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:greave."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin, and occasionally the tops of the feet."
],
"id": "en-greave-en-noun-cxJMWvtA",
"links": [
[
"armour",
"armour"
],
[
"leg",
"leg"
],
[
"shin",
"shin"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"feet",
"feet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "greeve"
},
{
"word": "cnemid"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "zangapan",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"word": "զանգապան"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nakolénnik",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"word": "наколе́нник"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grève"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caneleira"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schienbeinschutz"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schienbeinschützer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schienbeinschoner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beinschiene"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ocrea"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bróc"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nagolennik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nagolenica"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "greva"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ponoži",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "поножи"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štitnik za potkoljenice"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štitnik za potkolenice"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "greba"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "naholínnyky",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "наголі́нники"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/"
},
{
"homophone": "grieve"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grēv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"greave"
],
"word": "greave"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "greaves",
"3": "",
"4": "residue left after animal fat has been rendered"
},
"expansion": "greaves (“residue left after animal fat has been rendered”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From greaves (“residue left after animal fat has been rendered”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "greaves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "greaving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "greaved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "greaved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "greave (third-person singular simple present greaves, present participle greaving, simple past and past participle greaved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To clean (a ship's bottom); to grave."
],
"id": "en-greave-en-verb-GTjj8ZWq",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"grave",
"grave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, transitive) To clean (a ship's bottom); to grave."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "residue left after animal fat has been rendered",
"word": "greaves"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/"
},
{
"homophone": "grieve"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grēv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"greave"
],
"word": "greave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Trees"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grǣfe"
},
"expansion": "Old English grǣfe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "græfe",
"3": "grǣfa",
"4": "bush, bramble, grove, thicket, copse, brush-wood (for burning), fuel"
},
"expansion": "grǣfa (“bush, bramble, grove, thicket, copse, brush-wood (for burning), fuel”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grōbō",
"t": "ditch, hole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grōbō (“ditch, hole”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Scots greve",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "greave",
"t": "grove"
},
"expansion": "greave (“grove”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*grainiz",
"3": "",
"4": "twig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grainiz (“twig”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "grein",
"3": "",
"4": "branch, bough"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grein (“branch, bough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grāf"
},
"expansion": "Old English grāf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grāfa",
"3": "",
"4": "grove"
},
"expansion": "grāfa (“grove”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grove"
},
"expansion": "grove",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greve, from Old English grǣfe, grǣfa (“bush, bramble, grove, thicket, copse, brush-wood (for burning), fuel”), probably related to Proto-Germanic *grōbō (“ditch, hole”).\nCognate with Scots greve, greave (“grove”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *grainiz (“twig”), of unknown origin, whence Old Norse grein (“branch, bough”). Closely related to Old English grāf, grāfa (“grove”). See grove.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "greaves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "greave (plural greaves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A bush; a tree; a grove."
],
"links": [
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A bush; a tree; a grove."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A bough; a branch."
],
"links": [
[
"bough",
"bough"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A bough; a branch."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/"
},
{
"homophone": "grieve"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grēv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"greave"
],
"word": "greave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Trees"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "greyve"
},
"expansion": "greyve",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grǣfa"
},
"expansion": "Old English grǣfa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grēfa",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, cave, hole, grave, trench"
},
"expansion": "grēfa (“pit, cave, hole, grave, trench”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grēbō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grēbō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*grōbō",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, ditch"
},
"expansion": "*grōbō (“pit, ditch”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "groove",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of groove",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrebʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to dig, scratch, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "groop",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, sewer, gutter"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian groop (“pit, sewer, gutter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "groef",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, hole, gutter"
},
"expansion": "Dutch groef (“pit, hole, gutter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Grube",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, hole"
},
"expansion": "German Grube (“pit, hole”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gröf",
"3": "",
"4": "pit, grave"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic gröf (“pit, grave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "grave",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greve, greyve, from Old English grǣfa, grēfa (“pit, cave, hole, grave, trench”), from Proto-Germanic *grēbō, an ablaut variant of to *grōbō (“pit, ditch”) (whence doublet of groove) , from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). Cognate with North Frisian groop (“pit, sewer, gutter”), Dutch groef (“pit, hole, gutter”), German Grube (“pit, hole”), Icelandic gröf (“pit, grave”). Also related to grave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "greaves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "greave (plural greaves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A ditch or trench."
],
"links": [
[
"ditch",
"ditch"
],
[
"trench",
"trench"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A ditch or trench."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/"
},
{
"homophone": "grieve"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grēv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"greave"
],
"word": "greave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "greaved"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grayve"
},
"expansion": "grayve",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "greve",
"4": "",
"5": "shin"
},
"expansion": "Old French greve (“shin”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arz",
"2": "جورب",
"3": "",
"4": "stocking, leg cover"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian Arabic جورب (“stocking, leg cover”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "greve",
"t": "part in the hair"
},
"expansion": "greve (“part in the hair”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "graver",
"t": "to part (the hair); engrave"
},
"expansion": "graver (“to part (the hair); engrave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*graban",
"t": "to engrave"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *graban (“to engrave”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greve, grayve, from Old French greve (“shin”), of uncertain origin; possibly from Egyptian Arabic جورب (“stocking, leg cover”). Watkins suggests a connection with greve (“part in the hair”), due to the resemblance of the medial ridge to a part in the hair, from graver (“to part (the hair); engrave”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *graban (“to engrave”); if so, related to Etymology 2 above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "greaves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "greave (plural greaves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:greave."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin, and occasionally the tops of the feet."
],
"links": [
[
"armour",
"armour"
],
[
"leg",
"leg"
],
[
"shin",
"shin"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"feet",
"feet"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/"
},
{
"homophone": "grieve"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grēv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "greeve"
},
{
"word": "cnemid"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "zangapan",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"word": "զանգապան"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nakolénnik",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"word": "наколе́нник"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grève"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caneleira"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schienbeinschutz"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schienbeinschützer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schienbeinschoner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beinschiene"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ocrea"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bróc"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nagolennik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nagolenica"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "greva"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ponoži",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "поножи"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štitnik za potkoljenice"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štitnik za potkolenice"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "greba"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "naholínnyky",
"sense": "piece of armour that protects the leg, especially the shin",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "наголі́нники"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"greave"
],
"word": "greave"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Trees"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "greaves",
"3": "",
"4": "residue left after animal fat has been rendered"
},
"expansion": "greaves (“residue left after animal fat has been rendered”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From greaves (“residue left after animal fat has been rendered”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "greaves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "greaving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "greaved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "greaved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "greave (third-person singular simple present greaves, present participle greaving, simple past and past participle greaved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "residue left after animal fat has been rendered",
"word": "greaves"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"To clean (a ship's bottom); to grave."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"grave",
"grave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, transitive) To clean (a ship's bottom); to grave."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/"
},
{
"homophone": "grieve"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grēv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"greave"
],
"word": "greave"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.