See furlough in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "verlof",
"t": "furlough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch verlof (“furlough”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "verlōf",
"t": "furlough, permission"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German verlōf (“furlough, permission”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Verlaub"
},
"expansion": "German Verlaub",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "osx",
"3": "far-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon far-",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Verlaub"
},
"expansion": "German Verlaub",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "forlov"
},
"expansion": "Danish forlov",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of leave",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch verlof (“furlough”), probably from Middle Low German verlōf (“furlough, permission”) (possibly via German Verlaub), from the verb verlōven (“to allow”), from Old Saxon far- + levian (“to give over, leave”).\nFrom Middle Low German also German Verlaub, Danish forlov. Doublet of leave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "furloughs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "furlough (countable and uncountable, plural furloughs)",
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"hyphenation": [
"fur‧lough"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
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},
{
"_dis": "26 27 9 32 1 5",
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{
"ref": "1957, James Baldwin, “Sonny’s Blues”, in Going to Meet the Man, Dial, published 1965:",
"text": "And I had a lot of things on my mind and I pretty well forgot my promise to Mama until I got shipped home on a special furlough for her funeral.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leave of absence or vacation.",
"especially one granted to a member of the armed forces, or to a prisoner."
],
"id": "en-furlough-en-noun-Ew-uGcOB",
"links": [
[
"leave of absence",
"leave of absence"
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[
"vacation",
"vacation"
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[
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[
"member",
"member"
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[
"armed forces",
"armed forces"
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[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A leave of absence or vacation.",
"(US) especially one granted to a member of the armed forces, or to a prisoner."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"_dis": "26 27 9 32 1 5",
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{
"_dis": "24 27 6 33 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leave of absence or vacation.",
"especially one granted to a missionary."
],
"id": "en-furlough-en-noun-1JNWXKN6",
"links": [
[
"leave of absence",
"leave of absence"
],
[
"vacation",
"vacation"
],
[
"grant",
"grant"
],
[
"missionary",
"missionary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A leave of absence or vacation.",
"(British) especially one granted to a missionary."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The documents authorizing such leave."
],
"id": "en-furlough-en-noun-EX2b5JB-",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"authorizing",
"authorizing"
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],
"tags": [
"countable",
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},
{
"categories": [
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{
"_dis": "24 24 7 35 3 6",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 7 36 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 8 43 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 8 37 3 5",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "19 19 8 43 5 6",
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{
"_dis": "20 20 8 45 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 7 36 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 9 42 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 22 6 37 2 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "20 20 8 47 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 8 35 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 6 33 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "22 22 7 39 4 6",
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "24 23 7 35 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "24 23 7 36 3 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "23 23 7 36 3 7",
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"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "20 20 8 45 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
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"_dis": "23 22 7 41 3 4",
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"_dis": "25 24 8 36 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008 November 7, Jon Ortiz, “State workers rip Schwarzenegger's job furlough plan”, in The Sacramento Bee:",
"text": "The state estimates the one-day-a-month furlough spread over the 18 months of the plan would amount to a 5 percent cut in pay.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A period of unpaid time off, used by an employer to reduce costs."
],
"id": "en-furlough-en-noun-r7ORMKVs",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nucená dovolená"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "onbetaald verlof"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "lomautus"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chômage technique"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "unbezahlter Zwangsurlaub"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zwangsurlaub"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kurzarbeit"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "kényszerszabadság"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "fizetés nélküli szabadság"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "permesso non retribuito"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cassa integrazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "permittering"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "licença não remunerada"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neoplačivajemyj otpusk",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "неоплачиваемый отпуск"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "neplaćeni dopust"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "prisilni odmor"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ausencia no pagada"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 2 73",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sabático obligatorio no pagado"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɜː(ɹ).ləʊ/",
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɝ.loʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-furlough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-us-furlough.ogg/En-us-furlough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-us-furlough.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-furlough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/En-au-furlough.ogg/En-au-furlough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/En-au-furlough.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ləʊ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otpusk",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отпуск"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"army",
"military",
"war",
"government",
"politics"
],
"word": "dovolenka"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "verlof"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "loma"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "congé"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Urlaub"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "de",
"english": "prisoner",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hafturlaub"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "de",
"english": "prisoner",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ausgang"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "de",
"english": "prisoner",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freigang"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "eltávozási engedély"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "szabadság"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "eltávozás"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "eltáv"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scor"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "licenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ruhsat",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "رخصت"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urlop"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "licença"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "învoire"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "permisie"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ótpusk",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "о́тпуск"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvolʹnénije",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "увольне́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pobývka",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "побы́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fòrladh"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dovolenka"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "permiso"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dispensa"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "licencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "permission"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvílʹnennja",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"military",
"war",
"government",
"politics"
],
"word": "зві́льнення"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 35 5 25",
"code": "uk",
"english": "prisoner",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidpustka",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "відпустка"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 34 9 24",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "propustka"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 34 9 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"word": "lomalupa"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 34 9 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"word": "szabadságolási/távozási engedély"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 34 9 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"word": "przepustka"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 34 9 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvolʹnítelʹnaja",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "увольни́тельная"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 34 9 24",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fòrladh"
}
],
"word": "furlough"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "verlof",
"t": "furlough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch verlof (“furlough”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "verlōf",
"t": "furlough, permission"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German verlōf (“furlough, permission”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Verlaub"
},
"expansion": "German Verlaub",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "osx",
"3": "far-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon far-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Verlaub"
},
"expansion": "German Verlaub",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "forlov"
},
"expansion": "Danish forlov",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of leave",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch verlof (“furlough”), probably from Middle Low German verlōf (“furlough, permission”) (possibly via German Verlaub), from the verb verlōven (“to allow”), from Old Saxon far- + levian (“to give over, leave”).\nFrom Middle Low German also German Verlaub, Danish forlov. Doublet of leave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "furloughs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "furloughing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "furloughed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "furloughed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "furlough (third-person singular simple present furloughs, present participle furloughing, simple past and past participle furloughed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fur‧lough"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To grant a furlough to (someone)."
],
"id": "en-furlough-en-verb-8N4BpSKM",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To grant a furlough to (someone)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "myöntää loma"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "beurlauben"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "szabadságot ad"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "szabadságol"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "konjedar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To have (an employee) not work in order to reduce costs; to send (someone) on furlough."
],
"id": "en-furlough-en-verb-4acjDEYk",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To have (an employee) not work in order to reduce costs; to send (someone) on furlough."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to bar (an employee) from working",
"word": "lomauttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to bar (an employee) from working",
"word": "zwangsbeurlauben"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to bar (an employee) from working",
"word": "kényszerszabadságra küld"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to bar (an employee) from working",
"word": "permittere"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɜː(ɹ).ləʊ/",
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɝ.loʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-furlough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-us-furlough.ogg/En-us-furlough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-us-furlough.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-furlough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/En-au-furlough.ogg/En-au-furlough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/En-au-furlough.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ləʊ"
}
],
"word": "furlough"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Old Saxon",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ləʊ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ləʊ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "verlof",
"t": "furlough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch verlof (“furlough”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "verlōf",
"t": "furlough, permission"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German verlōf (“furlough, permission”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Verlaub"
},
"expansion": "German Verlaub",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "osx",
"3": "far-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon far-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Verlaub"
},
"expansion": "German Verlaub",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "forlov"
},
"expansion": "Danish forlov",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of leave",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch verlof (“furlough”), probably from Middle Low German verlōf (“furlough, permission”) (possibly via German Verlaub), from the verb verlōven (“to allow”), from Old Saxon far- + levian (“to give over, leave”).\nFrom Middle Low German also German Verlaub, Danish forlov. Doublet of leave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "furloughs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "furlough (countable and uncountable, plural furloughs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fur‧lough"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1957, James Baldwin, “Sonny’s Blues”, in Going to Meet the Man, Dial, published 1965:",
"text": "And I had a lot of things on my mind and I pretty well forgot my promise to Mama until I got shipped home on a special furlough for her funeral.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leave of absence or vacation.",
"especially one granted to a member of the armed forces, or to a prisoner."
],
"links": [
[
"leave of absence",
"leave of absence"
],
[
"vacation",
"vacation"
],
[
"grant",
"grant"
],
[
"member",
"member"
],
[
"armed forces",
"armed forces"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A leave of absence or vacation.",
"(US) especially one granted to a member of the armed forces, or to a prisoner."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"A leave of absence or vacation.",
"especially one granted to a missionary."
],
"links": [
[
"leave of absence",
"leave of absence"
],
[
"vacation",
"vacation"
],
[
"grant",
"grant"
],
[
"missionary",
"missionary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A leave of absence or vacation.",
"(British) especially one granted to a missionary."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The documents authorizing such leave."
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"authorizing",
"authorizing"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008 November 7, Jon Ortiz, “State workers rip Schwarzenegger's job furlough plan”, in The Sacramento Bee:",
"text": "The state estimates the one-day-a-month furlough spread over the 18 months of the plan would amount to a 5 percent cut in pay.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A period of unpaid time off, used by an employer to reduce costs."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɜː(ɹ).ləʊ/",
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɝ.loʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-furlough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-us-furlough.ogg/En-us-furlough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-us-furlough.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-furlough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/En-au-furlough.ogg/En-au-furlough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/En-au-furlough.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ləʊ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otpusk",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отпуск"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"army",
"military",
"war",
"government",
"politics"
],
"word": "dovolenka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "verlof"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "loma"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "congé"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Urlaub"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "prisoner",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hafturlaub"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "prisoner",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ausgang"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "prisoner",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freigang"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "eltávozási engedély"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "szabadság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "eltávozás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "eltáv"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scor"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "licenza"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ruhsat",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "رخصت"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urlop"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "licença"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "învoire"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "permisie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ótpusk",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "о́тпуск"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvolʹnénije",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "увольне́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pobývka",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "побы́вка"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fòrladh"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dovolenka"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "permiso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dispensa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "licencia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "permission"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvílʹnennja",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"military",
"war",
"government",
"politics"
],
"word": "зві́льнення"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"english": "prisoner",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidpustka",
"sense": "leave of absence",
"word": "відпустка"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "propustka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"word": "lomalupa"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"word": "szabadságolási/távozási engedély"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"word": "przepustka"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvolʹnítelʹnaja",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "увольни́тельная"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "documents authorizing leave of absence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fòrladh"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nucená dovolená"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "onbetaald verlof"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "lomautus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chômage technique"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "unbezahlter Zwangsurlaub"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zwangsurlaub"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kurzarbeit"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "kényszerszabadság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "fizetés nélküli szabadság"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "permesso non retribuito"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cassa integrazione"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "permittering"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "licença não remunerada"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neoplačivajemyj otpusk",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "неоплачиваемый отпуск"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "neplaćeni dopust"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"word": "prisilni odmor"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ausencia no pagada"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "period of unpaid time off used by an employer to reduce costs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sabático obligatorio no pagado"
}
],
"word": "furlough"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Old Saxon",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ləʊ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ləʊ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "verlof",
"t": "furlough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch verlof (“furlough”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "verlōf",
"t": "furlough, permission"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German verlōf (“furlough, permission”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Verlaub"
},
"expansion": "German Verlaub",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "osx",
"3": "far-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon far-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Verlaub"
},
"expansion": "German Verlaub",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "forlov"
},
"expansion": "Danish forlov",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "leave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of leave",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch verlof (“furlough”), probably from Middle Low German verlōf (“furlough, permission”) (possibly via German Verlaub), from the verb verlōven (“to allow”), from Old Saxon far- + levian (“to give over, leave”).\nFrom Middle Low German also German Verlaub, Danish forlov. Doublet of leave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "furloughs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "furloughing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "furloughed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "furloughed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "furlough (third-person singular simple present furloughs, present participle furloughing, simple past and past participle furloughed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fur‧lough"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To grant a furlough to (someone)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To grant a furlough to (someone)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To have (an employee) not work in order to reduce costs; to send (someone) on furlough."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To have (an employee) not work in order to reduce costs; to send (someone) on furlough."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɜː(ɹ).ləʊ/",
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɝ.loʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-furlough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-us-furlough.ogg/En-us-furlough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-us-furlough.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-furlough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/En-au-furlough.ogg/En-au-furlough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/En-au-furlough.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ləʊ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "myöntää loma"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "beurlauben"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "szabadságot ad"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "szabadságol"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to grant a furlough",
"word": "konjedar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to bar (an employee) from working",
"word": "lomauttaa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to bar (an employee) from working",
"word": "zwangsbeurlauben"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to bar (an employee) from working",
"word": "kényszerszabadságra küld"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to bar (an employee) from working",
"word": "permittere"
}
],
"word": "furlough"
}
Download raw JSONL data for furlough meaning in English (17.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.