"flora" meaning in English

See flora in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈflɔː.ɹə/ Audio: en-us-flora.ogg Forms: floras [plural], florae [plural], floræ [plural]
Rhymes: -ɔːɹə Etymology: From Latin Flōra (goddess of flowers). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰleh₃-}}, {{der|en|la|Flōra|pos=goddess of flowers}} Latin Flōra (goddess of flowers) Head templates: {{en-noun|~|s|florae|floræ}} flora (countable and uncountable, plural floras or florae or floræ)
  1. Plants considered as a group, especially those of a particular country, region, time, etc. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (plants considered as a group): 植物群 (zhíwùqún) (Chinese Mandarin), květena [feminine] (Czech), flóra [feminine] (Czech), plantaro (Esperanto), flaŭro (Esperanto), kasvisto (Finnish), flore [feminine] (French), flora [feminine] (Galician), ფლორა (plora) (Georgian), Flora [feminine] (German), Pflanzenreich [neuter] (German), Pflanzenwelt [feminine] (German), χλωρίδα (chlorída) [feminine] (Greek), flóra (Hungarian), flóra [feminine] (Icelandic), gróðurríki [neuter] (Icelandic), flora [feminine] (Italian), 植物相 (shokubutsusō) (alt: しょくぶつそう) (Japanese), augalija [feminine] (Lithuanian), ngāi tipu (Maori), پوشش گیاهی (Persian), گیاگان (giyâgân) (Persian), flora [feminine] (Polish), flora [feminine] (Portuguese), floră [feminine] (Romanian), фло́ра (flóra) [feminine] (Russian), flora [feminine] (Spanish), flora [common-gender] (Swedish), talahalmanan (Tagalog), planem (Volapük)
    Sense id: en-flora-en-noun-sUAp-eIU Disambiguation of 'plants considered as a group': 84 14 2
  2. A book describing the plants of a country, region, time, etc. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (a book describing the plants of a country etc.): 植物志 (zhíwùzhì) (Chinese Mandarin), kasvio (Finnish), flore [feminine] (French), flora [feminine] (Galician), flóra (Hungarian), flóra [feminine] (Icelandic), 植物誌 (shokubutsushi) (alt: しょくぶつし) (Japanese), фло́ра (flóra) [feminine] (Russian), flora [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-flora-en-noun-tMi10yoo Disambiguation of 'a book describing the plants of a country etc.': 22 74 4
  3. The microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body. Tags: countable, uncountable Synonyms (microorganisms): microflora Translations (the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body): floora (Estonian), floora (Finnish), mikrofloora (Finnish), mikrobisto (Finnish), flore intestinale [feminine] (French), flora [feminine] (Galician), Flora [feminine] (German), flóra (Hungarian), flóra [feminine] (Icelandic), flora [feminine] (Italian), فلور طبیعی (Persian), floră [feminine] (Romanian), floră microbială [feminine] (Romanian), floră bacterială (Romanian), floră intestinală [feminine] (Romanian), фло́ра (flóra) [feminine] (Russian), flora [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-flora-en-noun--4hnpC-9 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Volapük translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 10 37 53 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 11 20 68 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 28 28 44 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 21 22 57 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 19 23 58 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 19 23 58 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 16 22 62 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 19 23 58 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 26 30 44 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 14 22 64 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 22 26 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 22 25 53 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 23 22 55 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 13 24 63 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 13 24 63 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 19 23 58 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 17 22 61 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 23 22 55 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 21 25 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 19 20 61 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 23 22 55 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 17 21 62 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 12 22 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 14 26 60 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 23 21 56 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 24 22 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Volapük translations: 14 24 62 Disambiguation of 'microorganisms': 2 13 84 Disambiguation of 'the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body': 1 3 96
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Hypernyms: biota Derived forms: bacterial flora, dendroflora, disaster flora, ethnoflora, Flora Day, lamp flora Coordinate_terms: fauna, funga

Inflected forms

{
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "fauna"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "funga"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bacterial flora"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "dendroflora"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "disaster flora"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ethnoflora"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Flora Day"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "lamp flora"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰleh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "Flōra",
        "pos": "goddess of flowers"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Flōra (goddess of flowers)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin Flōra (goddess of flowers).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "floras",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "florae",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "floræ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~",
        "2": "s",
        "3": "florae",
        "4": "floræ"
      },
      "expansion": "flora (countable and uncountable, plural floras or florae or floræ)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "biota"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page viii:",
          "text": "Thirdly, I continue to attempt to interdigitate the taxa in our flora with taxa of the remainder of the world.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Plants considered as a group, especially those of a particular country, region, time, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-flora-en-noun-sUAp-eIU",
      "links": [
        [
          "Plants",
          "plant"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "region",
          "region"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhíwùqún",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "植物群"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "květena"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flóra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "plantaro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "flaŭro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "kasvisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "plora",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "ფლორა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Pflanzenreich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Pflanzenwelt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "chlorída",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "χλωρίδα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "flóra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flóra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "gróðurríki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "alt": "しょくぶつそう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shokubutsusō",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "植物相"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "augalija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "ngāi tipu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "پوشش گیاهی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "giyâgân",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "گیاگان"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "floră"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "flóra",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фло́ра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "talahalmanan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "84 14 2",
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "plants considered as a group",
          "word": "planem"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1999, J. G. Baker, Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles:",
          "text": "He intended to publish a flora of the island, and drafted out a synonymic catalogue, into which he inserted from time to time elaborate descriptions drawn up from living specimens of the species which he was able to procure.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2000, Daniel R. Headrick, When Information Came of Age, page 26:",
          "text": "Nowhere was the victory of Linnaeanism more complete than in Britain. When William Hudson's Flora Anglica, organized in the Linnaean manner, appeared in 1762, it displaced all previous floras.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A book describing the plants of a country, region, time, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-flora-en-noun-tMi10yoo",
      "links": [
        [
          "book",
          "book"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhíwùzhì",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "word": "植物志"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "word": "kasvio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "word": "flóra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flóra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "alt": "しょくぶつし",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shokubutsushi",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "word": "植物誌"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "flóra",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фло́ра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 74 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 37 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 20 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "21 22 57",
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          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "19 23 58",
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        {
          "_dis": "22 25 53",
          "kind": "other",
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        {
          "_dis": "23 22 55",
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        {
          "_dis": "13 24 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "13 24 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "19 23 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "17 22 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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          "_dis": "23 22 55",
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          "_dis": "23 22 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "17 21 62",
          "kind": "other",
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          "_dis": "12 22 66",
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          "_dis": "14 26 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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          "_dis": "23 21 56",
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        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "gut flora, intestinal flora",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1920, Robert L. Tweed, A Study of the Effect of Milk Upon the Bacterial Flora of the Intestinal Tract:",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1947, Adelaide Evangeline Evenson, The Intestinal Flora of Laboratory Animals and Its Modification by Diet and Drugs:",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1977, Betty H. K. Dee, The Aerobic Bacterial Flora of the Intestinal Tract of Marine Fishes:",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1977, United States Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs, Hearings, Reports and Prints of the Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs, page 191:",
          "text": "The host effects upon the flora of both the small intestine and the large intestine must be examined.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2003 December 11, Moselio Schaechter, Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 520:",
          "text": "Approximately 3% of healthy adults harbor C. difficile in the intestinal tract. […] In contrast, the flora of the cecum is predominantly gram negative, with Bacteroides and Selenomonas being the major constituents.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013 March 31, Chetana Vaishnavi, Infections of the Gastrointestinal System, JP Medical Ltd, →ISBN, page 5:",
          "text": "[…] Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides and Spirochetes that characterize the flora of the large intestine.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body."
      ],
      "id": "en-flora-en-noun--4hnpC-9",
      "links": [
        [
          "microorganism",
          "microorganism"
        ],
        [
          "inhabit",
          "inhabit"
        ],
        [
          "body",
          "body"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 13 84",
          "sense": "microorganisms",
          "word": "microflora"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "word": "floora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "word": "floora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "word": "mikrofloora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "word": "mikrobisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flore intestinale"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "word": "flóra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flóra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "word": "فلور طبیعی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "floră"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "floră microbială"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "word": "floră bacterială"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "floră intestinală"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "flóra",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фло́ра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 96",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "flora"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈflɔː.ɹə/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-flora.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/En-us-flora.ogg/En-us-flora.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/En-us-flora.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːɹə"
    }
  ],
  "word": "flora"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰleh₃-",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 15 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːɹə",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːɹə/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tagalog translations",
    "Terms with Volapük translations"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "word": "fauna"
    },
    {
      "word": "funga"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bacterial flora"
    },
    {
      "word": "dendroflora"
    },
    {
      "word": "disaster flora"
    },
    {
      "word": "ethnoflora"
    },
    {
      "word": "Flora Day"
    },
    {
      "word": "lamp flora"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰleh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "Flōra",
        "pos": "goddess of flowers"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Flōra (goddess of flowers)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin Flōra (goddess of flowers).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "floras",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "florae",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "floræ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~",
        "2": "s",
        "3": "florae",
        "4": "floræ"
      },
      "expansion": "flora (countable and uncountable, plural floras or florae or floræ)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "word": "biota"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page viii:",
          "text": "Thirdly, I continue to attempt to interdigitate the taxa in our flora with taxa of the remainder of the world.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Plants considered as a group, especially those of a particular country, region, time, etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Plants",
          "plant"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "region",
          "region"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1999, J. G. Baker, Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles:",
          "text": "He intended to publish a flora of the island, and drafted out a synonymic catalogue, into which he inserted from time to time elaborate descriptions drawn up from living specimens of the species which he was able to procure.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2000, Daniel R. Headrick, When Information Came of Age, page 26:",
          "text": "Nowhere was the victory of Linnaeanism more complete than in Britain. When William Hudson's Flora Anglica, organized in the Linnaean manner, appeared in 1762, it displaced all previous floras.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A book describing the plants of a country, region, time, etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "book",
          "book"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "gut flora, intestinal flora",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1920, Robert L. Tweed, A Study of the Effect of Milk Upon the Bacterial Flora of the Intestinal Tract:",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1947, Adelaide Evangeline Evenson, The Intestinal Flora of Laboratory Animals and Its Modification by Diet and Drugs:",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1977, Betty H. K. Dee, The Aerobic Bacterial Flora of the Intestinal Tract of Marine Fishes:",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1977, United States Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs, Hearings, Reports and Prints of the Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs, page 191:",
          "text": "The host effects upon the flora of both the small intestine and the large intestine must be examined.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2003 December 11, Moselio Schaechter, Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 520:",
          "text": "Approximately 3% of healthy adults harbor C. difficile in the intestinal tract. […] In contrast, the flora of the cecum is predominantly gram negative, with Bacteroides and Selenomonas being the major constituents.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013 March 31, Chetana Vaishnavi, Infections of the Gastrointestinal System, JP Medical Ltd, →ISBN, page 5:",
          "text": "[…] Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides and Spirochetes that characterize the flora of the large intestine.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "microorganism",
          "microorganism"
        ],
        [
          "inhabit",
          "inhabit"
        ],
        [
          "body",
          "body"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈflɔː.ɹə/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-flora.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/En-us-flora.ogg/En-us-flora.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/En-us-flora.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːɹə"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "microorganisms",
      "word": "microflora"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhíwùqún",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "植物群"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "květena"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flóra"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "plantaro"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "flaŭro"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "kasvisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flore"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "plora",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "ფლორა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Pflanzenreich"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Pflanzenwelt"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "chlorída",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "χλωρίδα"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "flóra"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flóra"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "gróðurríki"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しょくぶつそう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shokubutsusō",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "植物相"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "augalija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "ngāi tipu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "پوشش گیاهی"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "giyâgân",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "گیاگان"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "floră"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "flóra",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фло́ра"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "talahalmanan"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "plants considered as a group",
      "word": "planem"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhíwùzhì",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "word": "植物志"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "word": "kasvio"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flore"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "word": "flóra"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flóra"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しょくぶつし",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shokubutsushi",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "word": "植物誌"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "flóra",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фло́ра"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "a book describing the plants of a country etc.",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "word": "floora"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "word": "floora"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "word": "mikrofloora"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "word": "mikrobisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flore intestinale"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "word": "flóra"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flóra"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "word": "فلور طبیعی"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "floră"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "floră microbială"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "word": "floră bacterială"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "floră intestinală"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "flóra",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фло́ра"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the microorganisms that inhabit some part of the body",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "flora"
    }
  ],
  "word": "flora"
}

Download raw JSONL data for flora meaning in English (12.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.