See erst in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "erste"
},
"expansion": "Middle English erste",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ǣresta",
"4": "",
"5": "first"
},
"expansion": "Old English ǣresta (“first”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*airist",
"4": "",
"5": "earliest, first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *airist (“earliest, first”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ere",
"3": "est",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "ere + -est",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "eerst"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian eerst",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "earst",
"3": "",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian earst (“first”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "eerste",
"3": "",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "Dutch eerste (“first”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "erste",
"3": "",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "German erste (“first”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English erste, from Old English ǣresta (“first”), from Proto-West Germanic *airist (“earliest, first”), equivalent to ere + -est. Cognate with North Frisian eerst, ærst (“first”), West Frisian earst (“first”), Dutch eerste (“first”), German erste (“first”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "erst (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "62 30 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First."
],
"id": "en-erst-en-adj-bMuuPFSU",
"links": [
[
"First",
"first"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) First."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɝst/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɜːst/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-erst.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)st"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "arste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "yerst"
}
],
"word": "erst"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "erstwhile"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "erst"
},
"expansion": "Middle English erst",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ǣrest",
"4": "",
"5": "first, erst, at first, before all"
},
"expansion": "Old English ǣrest (“first, erst, at first, before all”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*airist(ō)",
"4": "",
"5": "erst"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *airist(ō) (“erst”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "erst",
"3": "",
"4": "erst"
},
"expansion": "Scots erst (“erst”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "eerst"
},
"expansion": "Dutch eerst",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English erst, arst, erest, from Old English ǣrest (“first, erst, at first, before all”), from Proto-West Germanic *airist(ō) (“erst”). Cognate with Scots erst (“erst”), Dutch eerst.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "erst (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1567, Arthur Golding, Ovid's Metamorphoses, book 2, line 691:",
"text": "Consider what I erst have been and what thou seest me now:",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First of all, before (some other specified thing)."
],
"id": "en-erst-en-adv-HR4BTf46",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) First of all, before (some other specified thing)."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xxviij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book X:",
"text": "Thenne he sente the varlet ageyne and bad hym telle Kyng Mark that I wille come as soone as I am hole / for erste I maye doo hym noo good\n\"Then he sent the varlet again, and bade him: Tell King Mark that I will come as soon as I am whole, for erst I may do him no good. \"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sooner (than); before."
],
"id": "en-erst-en-adv-RCI8-Qrb",
"links": [
[
"Sooner",
"sooner"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Sooner (than); before."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 12”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:",
"text": "When lofty trees I see barren of leaves\nWhich erst from heat did canopy the herd",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Formerly, once, erstwhile."
],
"id": "en-erst-en-adv-dsWHyUUS",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"Formerly",
"formerly"
],
[
"once",
"once"
],
[
"erstwhile",
"erstwhile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, poetic) Formerly, once, erstwhile."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɝst/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɜːst/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-erst.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)st"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "arste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "yerst"
}
],
"word": "erst"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)st",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)st/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "erste"
},
"expansion": "Middle English erste",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ǣresta",
"4": "",
"5": "first"
},
"expansion": "Old English ǣresta (“first”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*airist",
"4": "",
"5": "earliest, first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *airist (“earliest, first”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ere",
"3": "est",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "ere + -est",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "eerst"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian eerst",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "earst",
"3": "",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian earst (“first”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "eerste",
"3": "",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "Dutch eerste (“first”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "erste",
"3": "",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "German erste (“first”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English erste, from Old English ǣresta (“first”), from Proto-West Germanic *airist (“earliest, first”), equivalent to ere + -est. Cognate with North Frisian eerst, ærst (“first”), West Frisian earst (“first”), Dutch eerste (“first”), German erste (“first”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "erst (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"First."
],
"links": [
[
"First",
"first"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) First."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɝst/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɜːst/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-erst.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)st"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "arste"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "yerst"
}
],
"word": "erst"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)st",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)st/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "erstwhile"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "erst"
},
"expansion": "Middle English erst",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ǣrest",
"4": "",
"5": "first, erst, at first, before all"
},
"expansion": "Old English ǣrest (“first, erst, at first, before all”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*airist(ō)",
"4": "",
"5": "erst"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *airist(ō) (“erst”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "erst",
"3": "",
"4": "erst"
},
"expansion": "Scots erst (“erst”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "eerst"
},
"expansion": "Dutch eerst",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English erst, arst, erest, from Old English ǣrest (“first, erst, at first, before all”), from Proto-West Germanic *airist(ō) (“erst”). Cognate with Scots erst (“erst”), Dutch eerst.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "erst (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1567, Arthur Golding, Ovid's Metamorphoses, book 2, line 691:",
"text": "Consider what I erst have been and what thou seest me now:",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"First of all, before (some other specified thing)."
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) First of all, before (some other specified thing)."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xxviij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book X:",
"text": "Thenne he sente the varlet ageyne and bad hym telle Kyng Mark that I wille come as soone as I am hole / for erste I maye doo hym noo good\n\"Then he sent the varlet again, and bade him: Tell King Mark that I will come as soon as I am whole, for erst I may do him no good. \"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sooner (than); before."
],
"links": [
[
"Sooner",
"sooner"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Sooner (than); before."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 12”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:",
"text": "When lofty trees I see barren of leaves\nWhich erst from heat did canopy the herd",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Formerly, once, erstwhile."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"Formerly",
"formerly"
],
[
"once",
"once"
],
[
"erstwhile",
"erstwhile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, poetic) Formerly, once, erstwhile."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɝst/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɜːst/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-erst.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-erst.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)st"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "arste"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "yerst"
}
],
"word": "erst"
}
Download raw JSONL data for erst meaning in English (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.