"descender" meaning in English

See descender in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /dɪˈsɛndə(ɹ)/ [UK] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-descender.wav [Southern-England] Forms: descenders [plural]
Rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ) Etymology: Etymology tree English descend Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English descender From descend + -er (agent noun suffix). Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|descend|-er<pos:agent noun suffix><id:agent noun>|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English descend Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English descender [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-āzios", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ārijaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*-ārī", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-er", "lang" : "en", "pos" : "agent noun suffix" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "descender", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="descender"> From descend + -er (agent noun suffix). Head templates: {{en-noun}} descender (plural descenders)
  1. A person or thing that descends. Coordinate_terms: ascender
    Sense id: en-descender-en-noun-X8srrQ2w
  2. (typography) The part of a letter or number that is drawn below the baseline (the bottom of most lowercase letters). Synonyms: tail Coordinate_terms: ascender
    Sense id: en-descender-en-noun-9DeZ8na2 Categories (other): Typography Topics: media, publishing, typography
  3. (typography, uncommon) A letter that has such a portion, such as g, j, or in some fonts Q. Tags: uncommon Coordinate_terms: ascender Translations (typography): 下延部 (xiàyánbù) (Chinese Mandarin), 降部 (jiàngbù) (Chinese Mandarin), alapidennys (Finnish), Unterlänge [feminine] (German), lenyúló szár (Hungarian), ディセンダー (disentā) (Japanese), descensus (Latin), cauda (Portuguese), descensor [masculine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-descender-en-noun-H9YEQLMs Categories (other): Typography Topics: media, publishing, typography Disambiguation of 'typography': 0 40 52 1 8
  4. (cycling) A cyclist who excels at fast descents.
    Sense id: en-descender-en-noun-P04mtowC Categories (other): Cycling Topics: cycling, hobbies, lifestyle, sports
  5. (climbing) A belay device used in rock climbing, or as a fire escape. Translations (climbing): Abseilgerät [neuter] (German), descensor [masculine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-descender-en-noun-jUOu1uud Categories (other): Climbing, English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun), Entries with translation boxes, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 10 5 3 12 70 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 14 5 4 12 66 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 14 5 4 12 66 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 10 4 3 12 70 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 4 1 12 72 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun): 6 3 2 7 82 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 5 2 2 5 86 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 11 4 4 11 71 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 9 3 3 10 64 4 4 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 1 1 10 70 2 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 15 4 4 11 65 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 11 4 4 11 70 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 8 5 3 8 76 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 8 5 3 8 76 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 21 9 2 8 59 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 8 4 3 7 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 8 4 3 7 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 8 6 3 7 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 23 5 3 9 60 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 7 5 6 7 76 Topics: climbing, hobbies, lifestyle, sports Disambiguation of 'climbing': 2 5 3 3 87

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "descend",
        "4": "-er<pos:agent noun suffix><id:agent noun>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish descend\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish descender\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\", \"pos\" : \"agent noun suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"descender\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"descender\">\nFrom descend + -er (agent noun suffix).",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish descend\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish descender\nFrom descend + -er (agent noun suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "descenders",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "descender (plural descenders)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "ascender"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A person or thing that descends."
      ],
      "id": "en-descender-en-noun-X8srrQ2w",
      "links": [
        [
          "descend",
          "descend"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Typography",
          "orig": "en:Typography",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "ascender"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The part of a letter or number that is drawn below the baseline (the bottom of most lowercase letters)."
      ],
      "id": "en-descender-en-noun-9DeZ8na2",
      "links": [
        [
          "typography",
          "typography"
        ],
        [
          "letter",
          "letter"
        ],
        [
          "number",
          "number"
        ],
        [
          "baseline",
          "baseline"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(typography) The part of a letter or number that is drawn below the baseline (the bottom of most lowercase letters)."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "tail"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "media",
        "publishing",
        "typography"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Typography",
          "orig": "en:Typography",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "ascender"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A letter that has such a portion, such as g, j, or in some fonts Q."
      ],
      "id": "en-descender-en-noun-H9YEQLMs",
      "links": [
        [
          "typography",
          "typography"
        ],
        [
          "g",
          "g"
        ],
        [
          "j",
          "j"
        ],
        [
          "font",
          "font"
        ],
        [
          "Q",
          "Q"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(typography, uncommon) A letter that has such a portion, such as g, j, or in some fonts Q."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncommon"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "media",
        "publishing",
        "typography"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "xiàyánbù",
          "sense": "typography",
          "word": "下延部"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "jiàngbù",
          "sense": "typography",
          "word": "降部"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "typography",
          "word": "alapidennys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "typography",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Unterlänge"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "typography",
          "word": "lenyúló szár"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "lang_code": "ja",
          "roman": "disentā",
          "sense": "typography",
          "word": "ディセンダー"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "lang_code": "la",
          "sense": "typography",
          "word": "descensus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "typography",
          "word": "cauda"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 40 52 1 8",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "typography",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "descensor"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Cycling",
          "orig": "en:Cycling",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A cyclist who excels at fast descents."
      ],
      "id": "en-descender-en-noun-P04mtowC",
      "links": [
        [
          "cycling",
          "cycling#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "cyclist",
          "cyclist"
        ],
        [
          "descent",
          "descent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(cycling) A cyclist who excels at fast descents."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "cycling",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Climbing",
          "orig": "en:Climbing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 5 3 12 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 5 4 12 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 5 4 12 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 4 3 12 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 4 1 12 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 3 2 7 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 2 2 5 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 4 4 11 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 3 3 10 64 4 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 1 1 10 70 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 4 4 11 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 4 4 11 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 5 3 8 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 5 3 8 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 9 2 8 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 4 3 7 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 4 3 7 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 6 3 7 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 5 3 9 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 5 6 7 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A belay device used in rock climbing, or as a fire escape."
      ],
      "id": "en-descender-en-noun-jUOu1uud",
      "links": [
        [
          "climbing",
          "climbing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "belay device",
          "belay device"
        ],
        [
          "rock climbing",
          "rock climbing"
        ],
        [
          "fire escape",
          "fire escape"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(climbing) A belay device used in rock climbing, or as a fire escape."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climbing",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 5 3 3 87",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "climbing",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Abseilgerät"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 5 3 3 87",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "climbing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "descensor"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɪˈsɛndə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-descender.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-descender.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-descender.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-descender.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-descender.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛndə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "descender"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛndə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛndə(ɹ)/3 syllables",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "descend",
        "4": "-er<pos:agent noun suffix><id:agent noun>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish descend\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish descender\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\", \"pos\" : \"agent noun suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"descender\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"descender\">\nFrom descend + -er (agent noun suffix).",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish descend\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish descender\nFrom descend + -er (agent noun suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "descenders",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "descender (plural descenders)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "ascender"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A person or thing that descends."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "descend",
          "descend"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Typography"
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "ascender"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The part of a letter or number that is drawn below the baseline (the bottom of most lowercase letters)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "typography",
          "typography"
        ],
        [
          "letter",
          "letter"
        ],
        [
          "number",
          "number"
        ],
        [
          "baseline",
          "baseline"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(typography) The part of a letter or number that is drawn below the baseline (the bottom of most lowercase letters)."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "tail"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "media",
        "publishing",
        "typography"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with uncommon senses",
        "en:Typography"
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "ascender"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A letter that has such a portion, such as g, j, or in some fonts Q."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "typography",
          "typography"
        ],
        [
          "g",
          "g"
        ],
        [
          "j",
          "j"
        ],
        [
          "font",
          "font"
        ],
        [
          "Q",
          "Q"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(typography, uncommon) A letter that has such a portion, such as g, j, or in some fonts Q."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncommon"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "media",
        "publishing",
        "typography"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Cycling"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A cyclist who excels at fast descents."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cycling",
          "cycling#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "cyclist",
          "cyclist"
        ],
        [
          "descent",
          "descent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(cycling) A cyclist who excels at fast descents."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "cycling",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Climbing"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A belay device used in rock climbing, or as a fire escape."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "climbing",
          "climbing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "belay device",
          "belay device"
        ],
        [
          "rock climbing",
          "rock climbing"
        ],
        [
          "fire escape",
          "fire escape"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(climbing) A belay device used in rock climbing, or as a fire escape."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climbing",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɪˈsɛndə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-descender.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-descender.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-descender.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-descender.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-descender.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛndə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xiàyánbù",
      "sense": "typography",
      "word": "下延部"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "jiàngbù",
      "sense": "typography",
      "word": "降部"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "typography",
      "word": "alapidennys"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "typography",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Unterlänge"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "typography",
      "word": "lenyúló szár"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "disentā",
      "sense": "typography",
      "word": "ディセンダー"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense": "typography",
      "word": "descensus"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "typography",
      "word": "cauda"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "typography",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "descensor"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "climbing",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Abseilgerät"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "climbing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "descensor"
    }
  ],
  "word": "descender"
}

Download raw JSONL data for descender meaning in English (7.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.