See chuff in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for chuff meaning in English (22.1kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "chuffe",
"t": "a rustic, boor"
},
"expansion": "Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "15th century, dialectal, from Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”), in noun sense “stupid fellow”. Adjective sense “surly, displeased” from 1832.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more chuff",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most chuff",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chuff (comparative more chuff, superlative most chuff)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 28 10 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:R:Johnson Dictionary",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, Edward Spencer, “A Slight Toothache”, in The Southern Magazine, volume 11, page 86",
"text": "He refused to subscribe, he who had always given so largely to the cause; he was chuff, haughty, overbearing, and seemed bent upon antagonising every prominent suggestion that was made.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1875, Patrick Kennedy ·, The Banks of the Boro: A Chronicle of the County of Wexford, page 106",
"text": "So I set out in the clear cold night, and began to think that great lords and ladies are not at all as well off as poor people thinks, with so much fine meat and drink wasted about them, and they having no wish for them; for I felt very chuff and uncomfortable, and was glad that I could not be in the same way again for six weeks and more to come.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, L.T Meade, A Very Naughty Girl, page 39",
"text": "\"I am afraid of Lady Frances. And Miss Audrey can be very rude. She was very chuff with me on New Year's Day.” “She won't be chuff with you in my presence,” said Evelyn.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, George Manville Fenn, Sail Ho!, page 242",
"text": "Well, I didn't mean with my eyes, Neb; so don't be so chuff on a fellow.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Surly; annoyed; displeased; disgruntled."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-adj-f0LGR7GA",
"links": [
[
"Surly",
"surly"
],
[
"annoyed",
"annoyed"
],
[
"displeased",
"displeased"
],
[
"disgruntled",
"disgruntled"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British) Surly; annoyed; displeased; disgruntled."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"sense": "surly",
"word": "chuffy"
}
],
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1728, Francis Gentleman, A Trip to the Moon, page 196",
"text": "such chuff Fellows , who would not willingly allow their Children any Pleasures",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1831, The Spouter's Album",
"text": "Says Paddy , “the old one, faith, looks very chuff, though, But loves that big blackguard, I mean Lundy snuff, though;",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1878 January 24, “The Song of Big Ben”, in Truth, volume 3, page 114",
"text": "The chuff old Joe to vex has come, The Doctor—who but he?—Parnell, and all the Irish scum, Have noisy vowed to be.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1978, James Woodforde, edited by John Beresford, The Diary of a Country Parson, 1758-1802, page 387",
"text": "Neville Custance is a very chuff Boy indeed as I ever saw, seem displeased & cross with every thing - would not eat a bit of Cake when brought to him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stupid; churlish; loutish."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-adj-cYotZl4E",
"links": [
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"churlish",
"churlish"
],
[
"loutish",
"loutish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dialect) stupid; churlish; loutish."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "chuffe",
"t": "a rustic, boor"
},
"expansion": "Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "15th century, dialectal, from Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”), in noun sense “stupid fellow”. Adjective sense “surly, displeased” from 1832.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more chuff",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most chuff",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chuff (comparative more chuff, superlative most chuff)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1842, John Labern, J. Labern's Original Comic Songs, (for 1842,), page 18",
"text": "Macbeth when he talk'd very chuff About fighting -- how soon he got floor'd With a yard of cold steel by Macduff, And mine was that Wonderful Sword.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1893, Theobald Wolfe Tone, Richard Barry O'Brien, The Autobiography of Theobald Wolfe Tone. 1763-1798;, page 30",
"text": "I was therefore obliged, sore against my will, to apply again to Carnot, who spoke very chuff about the trouble I gave him to write a second memorandum.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Andrew Prentice, Jonathan Weil, Devil's Blood",
"text": "'I know I spoke chuff, aye, but – she wouldn't listen. She'll never agree ...'",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In a chuff manner."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-adv-3eo4v8ZJ"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
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"tags": [
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],
"word": "chuff"
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{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "chuffe",
"t": "a rustic, boor"
},
"expansion": "Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "15th century, dialectal, from Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”), in noun sense “stupid fellow”. Adjective sense “surly, displeased” from 1832.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chuff (plural chuffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1597, William Shakespeare, Henry IV, Part 1, act 2, scene 2",
"text": "Hang ye, gorbellied knaves, are ye undone? / No, ye fat chuffs, I would your store were here!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A coarse or stupid fellow."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-noun-X5v4G3J9",
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grubijan",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"word": "грубиян"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glandu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mou du bulbe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ungehobelter Kerl"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Flegel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"word": "goromba pokróc/fráter"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mužlán",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мужла́н"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grubiján",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "грубия́н"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
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"2": "chug"
},
"expansion": "chug",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puff"
},
"expansion": "puff",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic. Compare chug and puff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chuffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chuffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chuffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chuffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
"expansion": "chuff (third-person singular simple present chuffs, present participle chuffing, simple past and past participle chuffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 6 9 2 4 2 2 12 6 12 0 0 14 16 2 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "en:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1912, Katherine Mansfield, “The Woman At The Store”, in Selected Short Stories",
"text": "The horses stumbled along, coughing and chuffing.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1960, John Updike, 'Rabbit, Run', page 64",
"text": "They walk together in silence while behind them a freight train chuffs and screaks through the crossing.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1990, John Updike, 'Rabbit at Rest'",
"text": "The pigeons chuff and chortle off in indignant disappointment.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 42",
"text": "Far less straightforward was what happened at about 0130 on Friday June 2 1944, as a long goods train was chuffing and clanking its unhurried way across the darkened landscape towards Soham, from Ely.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make noisy puffing sounds, as of a steam locomotive."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-verb-gkIpbQlF",
"links": [
[
"noisy",
"noisy"
],
[
"puffing",
"puffing"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"steam",
"steam"
],
[
"locomotive",
"locomotive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make noisy puffing sounds, as of a steam locomotive."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pufkam",
"sense": "to make noisy puffing sounds",
"word": "пуфкам"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "puftja",
"sense": "to make noisy puffing sounds",
"word": "пуфтя"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make noisy puffing sounds",
"word": "schnaufen"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 7 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make noisy puffing sounds",
"word": "pöfög"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 8 6 1 2 1 2 19 2 5 0 0 14 26 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 6 1 1 1 3 13 2 3 0 0 17 33 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 9 2 4 2 4 15 3 4 0 0 10 21 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 10 2 2 2 3 14 3 4 0 0 11 22 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 9 2 4 2 2 12 6 12 0 0 14 16 2 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "en:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break wind."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-verb-bKn5wF9L",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, slang) To break wind."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1967 Leo Allen Lukenas: The ignition transient in small solid propellant rocket motors. Princeton University\nDouble base propellants often require ignition pressures of as much as 400 psia to avoid the problem of chuffing or hangfires."
},
{
"ref": "1992, Luigi De Luca, Martin Summerfield, Nonsteady Burning and Combustion Stability of Solid Propellants",
"text": "The original work of Huffington on chuffing and oscillatory burning of cordite goes back to the beginning of the 1950s.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, William G. Reinecke, Ballistics 18th International Symposium, page 357",
"text": "Chuffing followed by full recovery to normal functioning (Figure 3)",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, V. I. Feodosiev, G. B. Siniarev, Introduction to Rocket Technology, page 145",
"text": "The pressure at which chuffing occurs depends on the powder composition and on the temperature of the charge. The lowering of the initial charge temperature facilitates chuffing.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a powder, propellant, or explosive charge: to become extinguished and reignited intermittently."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-verb-4RZFTNUm",
"links": [
[
"powder",
"powder"
],
[
"propellant",
"propellant"
],
[
"explosive",
"explosive"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"extinguish",
"extinguish"
],
[
"reignite",
"reignite"
],
[
"intermittent",
"intermittent"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
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{
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"2": "chug"
},
"expansion": "chug",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puff"
},
"expansion": "puff",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic. Compare chug and puff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "chuff (countable and uncountable, plural chuffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 6 9 2 4 2 2 12 6 12 0 0 14 16 2 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "en:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Superfluous small talk that is free of conflict, offers no character development, description or insight, and does not advance the story or plot."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-noun-4z1rAA4K",
"raw_glosses": [
"(scriptwriting, uncountable) Superfluous small talk that is free of conflict, offers no character development, description or insight, and does not advance the story or plot."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"scriptwriting",
"writing"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Don Gayton, Okanagan Odyssey: Journeys Through Terrain, Terroir and Culture, page 82",
"text": "Then the brass bell on top of the boiler rings out and a single massive chuff! of steam issues from the bowels of the loco. Then another chuff! – a blast of steam – another chuff! and the huge drive shafts tighten against the wheels.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A noisy puffing sound."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-noun-JW1xOeMC",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 6 9 2 4 2 2 12 6 12 0 0 14 16 2 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "en:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A breathy noise produced by a tiger, similar in function to a cat's purr."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-noun-DtKAYvjL",
"links": [
[
"breathy",
"breathy"
],
[
"tiger",
"tiger"
],
[
"purr",
"purr"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chuff#Etymology 1",
"3": "etymology 1"
},
"expansion": "etymology 1",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fuck"
},
"expansion": "fuck",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more chuff",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most chuff",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
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],
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{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "87 4 9",
"sense": "pleased",
"word": "chuffed"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pleased, proud."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-adj-g1LqRfgU",
"raw_glosses": [
"(British) Pleased, proud."
],
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Swollen with fat."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-adj-JHP4w-eS",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Swollen with fat."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Swollen."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-adj--cBzkuUV",
"links": [
[
"Swollen",
"swollen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar slang, of cheeks) Swollen."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of cheeks",
"of cheeks"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 22 74",
"sense": "swollen",
"word": "chuffy"
}
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
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{
"homophone": "chough"
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{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gnat's chuff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "the chuff"
}
],
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "chuff#Etymology 1",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fuck"
},
"expansion": "fuck",
"name": "m"
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],
"etymology_text": "1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive.",
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{
"form": "chuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chuff (plural chuffs)",
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{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"The vagina."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-noun-DGJWVG4a",
"links": [
[
"vagina",
"vagina"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar slang) The vagina."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"vulgar"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The car behind was following too close — it was right up my chuff.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The anus."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-noun-TO8onq6H",
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[
"anus",
"anus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar slang) The anus."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"vulgar"
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}
],
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{
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{
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{
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{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
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"text": "Audio (AU)"
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{
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],
"etymology_text": "1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive.",
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{
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"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "chuffing",
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"participle",
"present"
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},
{
"form": "chuffed",
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"participle",
"past"
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{
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"past"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Oh chuff off! I'm so chuffing fed up with all of the spam posts on my timeline.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a replacement for obscenities, particularly fuck."
],
"id": "en-chuff-en-verb-f~cXCUHk",
"links": [
[
"fuck",
"fuck#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, euphemistic) Used as a replacement for obscenities, particularly fuck."
],
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"UK",
"euphemistic"
]
}
],
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{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
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{
"homophone": "chough"
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{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
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"text": "Audio (AU)"
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"word": "chuff"
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"English terms inherited from Middle English",
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"name": "inh"
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"etymology_text": "15th century, dialectal, from Middle English chuffe (“a rustic, boor”), in noun sense “stupid fellow”. Adjective sense “surly, displeased” from 1832.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more chuff",
"tags": [
"comparative"
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},
{
"form": "most chuff",
"tags": [
"superlative"
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"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, Edward Spencer, “A Slight Toothache”, in The Southern Magazine, volume 11, page 86",
"text": "He refused to subscribe, he who had always given so largely to the cause; he was chuff, haughty, overbearing, and seemed bent upon antagonising every prominent suggestion that was made.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1875, Patrick Kennedy ·, The Banks of the Boro: A Chronicle of the County of Wexford, page 106",
"text": "So I set out in the clear cold night, and began to think that great lords and ladies are not at all as well off as poor people thinks, with so much fine meat and drink wasted about them, and they having no wish for them; for I felt very chuff and uncomfortable, and was glad that I could not be in the same way again for six weeks and more to come.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, L.T Meade, A Very Naughty Girl, page 39",
"text": "\"I am afraid of Lady Frances. And Miss Audrey can be very rude. She was very chuff with me on New Year's Day.” “She won't be chuff with you in my presence,” said Evelyn.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, George Manville Fenn, Sail Ho!, page 242",
"text": "Well, I didn't mean with my eyes, Neb; so don't be so chuff on a fellow.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Surly; annoyed; displeased; disgruntled."
],
"links": [
[
"Surly",
"surly"
],
[
"annoyed",
"annoyed"
],
[
"displeased",
"displeased"
],
[
"disgruntled",
"disgruntled"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British) Surly; annoyed; displeased; disgruntled."
],
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1728, Francis Gentleman, A Trip to the Moon, page 196",
"text": "such chuff Fellows , who would not willingly allow their Children any Pleasures",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1831, The Spouter's Album",
"text": "Says Paddy , “the old one, faith, looks very chuff, though, But loves that big blackguard, I mean Lundy snuff, though;",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1878 January 24, “The Song of Big Ben”, in Truth, volume 3, page 114",
"text": "The chuff old Joe to vex has come, The Doctor—who but he?—Parnell, and all the Irish scum, Have noisy vowed to be.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1978, James Woodforde, edited by John Beresford, The Diary of a Country Parson, 1758-1802, page 387",
"text": "Neville Custance is a very chuff Boy indeed as I ever saw, seem displeased & cross with every thing - would not eat a bit of Cake when brought to him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stupid; churlish; loutish."
],
"links": [
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"churlish",
"churlish"
],
[
"loutish",
"loutish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dialect) stupid; churlish; loutish."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "surly",
"word": "chuffy"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
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},
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{
"ref": "1842, John Labern, J. Labern's Original Comic Songs, (for 1842,), page 18",
"text": "Macbeth when he talk'd very chuff About fighting -- how soon he got floor'd With a yard of cold steel by Macduff, And mine was that Wonderful Sword.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1893, Theobald Wolfe Tone, Richard Barry O'Brien, The Autobiography of Theobald Wolfe Tone. 1763-1798;, page 30",
"text": "I was therefore obliged, sore against my will, to apply again to Carnot, who spoke very chuff about the trouble I gave him to write a second memorandum.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Andrew Prentice, Jonathan Weil, Devil's Blood",
"text": "'I know I spoke chuff, aye, but – she wouldn't listen. She'll never agree ...'",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In a chuff manner."
]
}
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"word": "chuff"
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"ref": "a. 1597, William Shakespeare, Henry IV, Part 1, act 2, scene 2",
"text": "Hang ye, gorbellied knaves, are ye undone? / No, ye fat chuffs, I would your store were here!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"A coarse or stupid fellow."
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}
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"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grubijan",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"word": "грубиян"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glandu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mou du bulbe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ungehobelter Kerl"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Flegel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"word": "goromba pokróc/fráter"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mužlán",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мужла́н"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "grubiján",
"sense": "a coarse or stupid fellow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "грубия́н"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
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{
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"form": "chuffs",
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},
{
"form": "chuffing",
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"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1912, Katherine Mansfield, “The Woman At The Store”, in Selected Short Stories",
"text": "The horses stumbled along, coughing and chuffing.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1960, John Updike, 'Rabbit, Run', page 64",
"text": "They walk together in silence while behind them a freight train chuffs and screaks through the crossing.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1990, John Updike, 'Rabbit at Rest'",
"text": "The pigeons chuff and chortle off in indignant disappointment.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 42",
"text": "Far less straightforward was what happened at about 0130 on Friday June 2 1944, as a long goods train was chuffing and clanking its unhurried way across the darkened landscape towards Soham, from Ely.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make noisy puffing sounds, as of a steam locomotive."
],
"links": [
[
"noisy",
"noisy"
],
[
"puffing",
"puffing"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"steam",
"steam"
],
[
"locomotive",
"locomotive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make noisy puffing sounds, as of a steam locomotive."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"To break wind."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, slang) To break wind."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1967 Leo Allen Lukenas: The ignition transient in small solid propellant rocket motors. Princeton University\nDouble base propellants often require ignition pressures of as much as 400 psia to avoid the problem of chuffing or hangfires."
},
{
"ref": "1992, Luigi De Luca, Martin Summerfield, Nonsteady Burning and Combustion Stability of Solid Propellants",
"text": "The original work of Huffington on chuffing and oscillatory burning of cordite goes back to the beginning of the 1950s.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, William G. Reinecke, Ballistics 18th International Symposium, page 357",
"text": "Chuffing followed by full recovery to normal functioning (Figure 3)",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, V. I. Feodosiev, G. B. Siniarev, Introduction to Rocket Technology, page 145",
"text": "The pressure at which chuffing occurs depends on the powder composition and on the temperature of the charge. The lowering of the initial charge temperature facilitates chuffing.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a powder, propellant, or explosive charge: to become extinguished and reignited intermittently."
],
"links": [
[
"powder",
"powder"
],
[
"propellant",
"propellant"
],
[
"explosive",
"explosive"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"extinguish",
"extinguish"
],
[
"reignite",
"reignite"
],
[
"intermittent",
"intermittent"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pufkam",
"sense": "to make noisy puffing sounds",
"word": "пуфкам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "puftja",
"sense": "to make noisy puffing sounds",
"word": "пуфтя"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make noisy puffing sounds",
"word": "schnaufen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make noisy puffing sounds",
"word": "pöfög"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chug"
},
"expansion": "chug",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puff"
},
"expansion": "puff",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic. Compare chug and puff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "chuff (countable and uncountable, plural chuffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Superfluous small talk that is free of conflict, offers no character development, description or insight, and does not advance the story or plot."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(scriptwriting, uncountable) Superfluous small talk that is free of conflict, offers no character development, description or insight, and does not advance the story or plot."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"scriptwriting",
"writing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Don Gayton, Okanagan Odyssey: Journeys Through Terrain, Terroir and Culture, page 82",
"text": "Then the brass bell on top of the boiler rings out and a single massive chuff! of steam issues from the bowels of the loco. Then another chuff! – a blast of steam – another chuff! and the huge drive shafts tighten against the wheels.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A noisy puffing sound."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A breathy noise produced by a tiger, similar in function to a cat's purr."
],
"links": [
[
"breathy",
"breathy"
],
[
"tiger",
"tiger"
],
[
"purr",
"purr"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "pleased",
"word": "chuffed"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chuff#Etymology 1",
"3": "etymology 1"
},
"expansion": "etymology 1",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fuck"
},
"expansion": "fuck",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more chuff",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most chuff",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chuff (comparative more chuff, superlative most chuff)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"Pleased, proud."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British) Pleased, proud."
],
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Swollen with fat."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Swollen with fat."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English vulgarities"
],
"glosses": [
"Swollen."
],
"links": [
[
"Swollen",
"swollen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar slang, of cheeks) Swollen."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of cheeks",
"of cheeks"
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "swollen",
"word": "chuffy"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gnat's chuff"
},
{
"word": "the chuff"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chuff#Etymology 1",
"3": "etymology 1"
},
"expansion": "etymology 1",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fuck"
},
"expansion": "fuck",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chuff (plural chuffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English vulgarities"
],
"glosses": [
"The vagina."
],
"links": [
[
"vagina",
"vagina"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar slang) The vagina."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"vulgar"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English vulgarities"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The car behind was following too close — it was right up my chuff.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The anus."
],
"links": [
[
"anus",
"anus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar slang) The anus."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf/1 syllable",
"en:Animal sounds"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chuff#Etymology 1",
"3": "etymology 1"
},
"expansion": "etymology 1",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fuck"
},
"expansion": "fuck",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1520s, in sense “swollen with fat”; circa 1860, British dialect, in sense “pleased”. Possibly related to “coarse, stupid, fat-headed” sense (see etymology 1 above). Or, perhaps a euphemistic alteration of fuck or another expletive.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chuffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chuffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chuffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chuffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chuff (third-person singular simple present chuffs, present participle chuffing, simple past and past participle chuffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English euphemisms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Oh chuff off! I'm so chuffing fed up with all of the spam posts on my timeline.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a replacement for obscenities, particularly fuck."
],
"links": [
[
"fuck",
"fuck#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, euphemistic) Used as a replacement for obscenities, particularly fuck."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"euphemistic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʌf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
},
{
"homophone": "chough"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chuff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg/En-au-chuff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-au-chuff.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "chuff"
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
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"R:Johnson Dictionary",
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"#invoke",
"Lua:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "chuff",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
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"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "chuff",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
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],
"section": "English",
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"title": "chuff",
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}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
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],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "chuff",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.