"chiral" meaning in English

See chiral in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈkaɪɹəl/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-chiral.wav [Southern-England]
enPR: kī'rəl Rhymes: -aɪɹəl Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes- Proto-Indo-European *-ōr Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰésōr Proto-Hellenic *kʰéhər Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír) Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English chiral From Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + English -al. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|grc:χείρ<t:hand>|-al<id:adjectival>|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes- Proto-Indo-European *-ōr Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰésōr Proto-Hellenic *kʰéhər Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír) Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālisbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English chiral [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*kʰéhər", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "χείρ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" }, { "id" : "adjectival", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectival suffix", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "forming adjectives", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*h₂élis", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "grow", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-is", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "fro" }, { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "children" : [ ], "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*-ālis", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "title" : "-ālis", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "-el", "lang" : "fro" }, { "is_duplicate" : true, "children" : [ ], "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*-ālis", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "title" : "-ālis", "pos" : "suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-al", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "chiral", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="chiral"> From Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + English -al. Head templates: {{en-adj|-}} chiral (not comparable)
  1. (geometry, physical chemistry) that exhibits chirality; as in the left-handed and right-handed versions of a helix, or a molecule with L- and D- stereoisomers. Tags: not-comparable, physical Synonyms: handed Translations (that exhibits chirality): quiral (Catalan), 手性 (shǒuxìng) (Chinese Mandarin), chirální (Czech), ĥirala (Esperanto), kiraalinen (Finnish), chiral (French), chiral (German), χειραλικός (cheiralikós) (Greek), kiral (Indonesian), chirale (Italian), chiralny (Polish), quiral (Portuguese), quiral (Spanish), aynal (Turkish), kiral (Turkish)

Alternative forms

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        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "quiral"
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        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "shǒuxìng",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "手性"
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          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "lang_code": "cs",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "chirální"
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          "lang_code": "eo",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "ĥirala"
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          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "kiraalinen"
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          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "chiral"
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          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "chiral"
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          "lang": "Greek",
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          "roman": "cheiralikós",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
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          "lang_code": "id",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "kiral"
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          "code": "it",
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          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "chirale"
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          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "chiralny"
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          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
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          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
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          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
          "word": "aynal"
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          "lang": "Turkish",
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          "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-\nProto-Indo-European *-ōr\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰésōr\nProto-Hellenic *kʰéhər\nAncient Greek χείρ (kheír)\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish chiral\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*kʰéhər\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χείρ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"chiral\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"chiral\">\nFrom Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + English -al.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-\nProto-Indo-European *-ōr\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰésōr\nProto-Hellenic *kʰéhər\nAncient Greek χείρ (kheír)\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish chiral\nFrom Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + English -al.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "chiral (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English adjectives",
        "English entries with etymology texts",
        "English entries with etymology trees",
        "English entries with etymon",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰes-",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ǵʰésōr",
        "English terms suffixed with -al (adjectival)",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncomparable adjectives",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Rhymes:English/aɪɹəl",
        "Rhymes:English/aɪɹəl/2 syllables",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Esperanto translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Greek translations",
        "Terms with Indonesian translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Turkish translations",
        "en:Geometry",
        "en:Isomer (chemistry)"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              27,
              33
            ],
            [
              159,
              165
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2016, S. Hamed Shams Mousavi, Sajanlal R. Panikkanvalappil, Mostafa A. El-Sayed, Ali A. Eftekhar, Ali Adibi, “Large Enhancement of Circular Dichroism Using an Embossed Chiral Metamaterial”, in arXiv:",
          "text": "In the close vicinity of a chiral nanostructure, the circular dichroism of a biomolecule could be greatly enhanced, due to the interaction with the local superchiral fields.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "that exhibits chirality; as in the left-handed and right-handed versions of a helix, or a molecule with L- and D- stereoisomers."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geometry",
          "geometry"
        ],
        [
          "physical chemistry",
          "physical chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "chirality",
          "chirality"
        ],
        [
          "helix",
          "helix"
        ],
        [
          "stereoisomer",
          "stereoisomer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geometry, physical chemistry) that exhibits chirality; as in the left-handed and right-handed versions of a helix, or a molecule with L- and D- stereoisomers."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "handed"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable",
        "physical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "geometry",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "kī'rəl"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkaɪɹəl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-chiral.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chiral.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chiral.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chiral.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chiral.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪɹəl"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "quiral"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "shǒuxìng",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "手性"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "chirální"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "ĥirala"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "kiraalinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "chiral"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "chiral"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "roman": "cheiralikós",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "χειραλικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "kiral"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "chirale"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "chiralny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "quiral"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "quiral"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "aynal"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "that exhibits chirality",
      "word": "kiral"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chiral"
}

Download raw JSONL data for chiral meaning in English (9.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.