"challenger" meaning in English

See challenger in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈt͡ʃælɪn(d)ʒə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈt͡ʃælənd͡ʒəɹ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-challenger.wav Forms: challengers [plural], Challenger [alternative]
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English chalengere, chalangeour, chalenger (“one who causes injury, or makes false charges or slanderous statements; one who disputes, disputant, objector; claimant”), and then partly from both of the following: * From Middle English chalengen (“to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc.”) + -er, -ere (suffix forming agent nouns). Chalengen is derived from Anglo-Norman chalenger, and Old French chalenger, chalongier (“to challenge, dispute; to claim; etc.”) (modern French challenger), from Late Latin calumniāre, the second-person singular present active imperative or indicative of calumnior (“to accuse falsely; to make hurtful untrue comments about; etc.”), from Latin calumnia (“artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc.”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-, *keh₁l- (“to beguile, deceive”)) + -or (the first-person singular present passive indicative of -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)). * From Old French chalengeor (“claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer”) (modern French challengeur), from chalenger, chalongier (see above) + -eor (variant of -or (suffix forming agent nouns)). By surface analysis, challenge (verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*ḱeh₁l-|*keh₁l-}}, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|en|enm|chalengere|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle English chalengere, {{inh+|en|enm|chalengere}} Inherited from Middle English chalengere, {{inh|en|enm|chalengen|t=to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc.}} Middle English chalengen (“to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc.”), {{lg|suffix}} suffix, {{lg|agent noun}} agent noun, {{der|en|xno|chalenger}} Anglo-Norman chalenger, {{der|en|fro|chalenger}} Old French chalenger, {{cog|fr|challenger}} French challenger, {{der|en|la-lat|calumniāre}} Late Latin calumniāre, {{lg|second-person}} second-person, {{lg|singular}} singular, {{lg|present}} present, {{lg|active}} active, {{lg|imperative}} imperative, {{lg|indicative}} indicative, {{der|en|la|calumnia|t=artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc.}} Latin calumnia (“artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc.”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*ḱeh₁l-}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-, {{lg|first-person}} first-person, {{lg|passive}} passive, {{lg|conjugation}} conjugation, {{lg|verb}} verb, {{der|en|fro|chalengeor|t=claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer}} Old French chalengeor (“claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer”), {{cog|fr|challengeur}} French challengeur, {{surf|en|challenge|-er|id2=agent noun|pos1=v|pos2=suffix forming agent nouns}} By surface analysis, challenge (verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns) Head templates: {{en-noun}} challenger (plural challengers)
  1. One who challenges. Synonyms: adversary, contender, disputer, opponent
    Sense id: en-challenger-en-noun-WQNMybhE Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, People Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 22 24 21 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 18 18 20 23 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 15 15 23 27 19 Disambiguation of People: 25 25 25 25 0
  2. One who challenges.
    One who confronts or opposes; a confronter, an opposer.
    Synonyms: adversary, contender, disputer, opponent
    Sense id: en-challenger-en-noun-b1MbIXk- Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, People Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 22 24 21 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 18 18 20 23 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 15 15 23 27 19 Disambiguation of People: 25 25 25 25 0
  3. One who challenges.
    (games, sports) One who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion.
    Synonyms: adversary, contender, disputer, opponent Translations (one who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion): haastaja (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-challenger-en-noun-C1nCSWTM Categories (other): Games, Sports, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, People Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 22 24 21 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 18 18 20 23 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 15 15 23 27 19 Disambiguation of People: 25 25 25 25 0 Topics: games, hobbies, lifestyle, sports Disambiguation of 'one who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion': 8 8 75 8 1
  4. One who challenges.
    (chiefly law, obsolete) One who brings a legal claim; a claimant, a plaintiff; also, one who accuses; an accuser.
    Tags: obsolete Synonyms: adversary, contender, disputer, opponent
    Sense id: en-challenger-en-noun-V8rwIjJf Categories (other): Law, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun), Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian translations, Terms with Old High German translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Quechua translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Thai translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Terms with Welsh translations, People, Stock characters Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 22 24 21 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun): 20 20 20 26 13 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 19 19 19 24 18 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 18 18 20 23 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 18 18 19 27 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 17 17 20 30 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 15 15 23 27 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 17 17 20 30 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 14 14 16 41 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 19 19 19 29 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 18 18 18 30 15 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 17 17 20 29 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 18 18 18 30 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 17 17 20 30 16 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 18 18 18 30 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 16 16 19 31 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 19 19 19 29 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 15 15 18 36 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 18 18 18 31 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 18 18 18 31 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 16 16 19 31 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 18 18 18 31 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 18 18 18 31 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 19 19 19 30 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian translations: 18 18 18 30 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Old High German translations: 14 14 19 32 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 17 17 20 30 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 18 18 19 29 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 17 17 20 30 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Quechua translations: 16 16 19 31 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 18 18 18 30 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 18 18 18 31 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 17 17 20 30 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 19 19 19 29 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 18 18 18 30 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Thai translations: 19 19 19 30 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 16 16 19 31 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 17 17 20 30 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 17 17 19 32 16 Disambiguation of People: 25 25 25 25 0 Disambiguation of Stock characters: 16 16 17 34 17 Topics: law
  5. (tennis, also attributive) Often in the form Challenger: a match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals. Tags: also, attributive Translations (match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals): haastaja (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-challenger-en-noun-B3UMobpu Categories (other): Tennis, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 22 24 21 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 18 18 20 23 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 15 15 23 27 19 Topics: hobbies, lifestyle, sports, tennis Disambiguation of 'match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals': 3 3 6 5 83
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: Challenger, Challenger Deep, challenger bank, multichallenger, nonchallenger Translations (one who challenges): հավակնորդ (havaknord) (Armenian), предизвикател (predizvikatel) [masculine] (Bulgarian), претенде́нт (pretendént) [masculine] (Bulgarian), 挑戰者 /挑战者 (tiaǒzhànzhě) (Chinese Mandarin), vyzývatel [masculine] (Czech), udfordrer [common-gender] (Danish), uitdager [masculine] (Dutch), haastaja (Finnish), challengeur [masculine] (French), concurrent [masculine] (French), desafiador [masculine] (Galician), გამომწვევი (gamomc̣vevi) (Georgian), მეტოქე (meṭoke) (Georgian), მოცილე (mocile) (Georgian), ოპონენტი (oṗonenṭi) (Georgian), პრეტენდენტი (ṗreṭendenṭi) (Georgian), Herausforderer [masculine] (German), Herausforderin [feminine] (German), दावेदार (dāvedār) [masculine] (Hindi), penantang (Indonesian), agóideoir [masculine] (Irish), sfidante [feminine, masculine] (Italian), sfidatore [literary, masculine] (Italian), 挑戦者 (chōsensha) (alt: ちょうせんしゃ) (Japanese), 도전자 (dojeonja) (Korean), prōvocātor [masculine] (Latin), utfordrer (Norwegian Bokmål), utfordrar [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), urheizo (Old High German), چالشانگیز (čâlešangiz) (Persian), konkurent [masculine] (Polish), desafiador [masculine] (Portuguese), desafiante [feminine, masculine] (Portuguese), tupaq (Quechua), pretendent [masculine] (Romanian), pretendentă [feminine] (Romanian), persoană care contestă ceva [feminine] (Romanian), претенде́нт (pretendént) [masculine] (Russian), изазѝва̄ч [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), izazìvāč [Latin, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), vyzývateľ [masculine] (Slovak), desafiador [masculine] (Spanish), retante [feminine, masculine] (Spanish), คู่แข่ง (kûu-kɛ̀ng) (Thai), претенде́нт (pretendént) [masculine] (Ukrainian), người thách (Vietnamese), heriwr [masculine] (Welsh)
Disambiguation of 'one who challenges': 25 25 25 25 0

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Challenger"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Challenger Deep"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "challenger bank"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "multichallenger"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "nonchallenger"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱeh₁l-",
        "4": "*keh₁l-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "chalengere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English chalengere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "chalengere"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English chalengere",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "chalengen",
        "t": "to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc."
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English chalengen (“to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc.”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "agent noun",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "chalenger"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman chalenger",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "chalenger"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French chalenger",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "challenger"
      },
      "expansion": "French challenger",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "calumniāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin calumniāre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "second-person"
      },
      "expansion": "second-person",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "singular"
      },
      "expansion": "singular",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "active"
      },
      "expansion": "active",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "imperative"
      },
      "expansion": "imperative",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "indicative"
      },
      "expansion": "indicative",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calumnia",
        "t": "artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc."
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calumnia (“artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc.”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱeh₁l-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "first-person"
      },
      "expansion": "first-person",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "passive"
      },
      "expansion": "passive",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "conjugation"
      },
      "expansion": "conjugation",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "chalengeor",
        "t": "claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French chalengeor (“claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "challengeur"
      },
      "expansion": "French challengeur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "challenge",
        "3": "-er",
        "id2": "agent noun",
        "pos1": "v",
        "pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, challenge (verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English chalengere, chalangeour, chalenger (“one who causes injury, or makes false charges or slanderous statements; one who disputes, disputant, objector; claimant”), and then partly from both of the following:\n* From Middle English chalengen (“to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc.”) + -er, -ere (suffix forming agent nouns). Chalengen is derived from Anglo-Norman chalenger, and Old French chalenger, chalongier (“to challenge, dispute; to claim; etc.”) (modern French challenger), from Late Latin calumniāre, the second-person singular present active imperative or indicative of calumnior (“to accuse falsely; to make hurtful untrue comments about; etc.”), from Latin calumnia (“artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc.”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-, *keh₁l- (“to beguile, deceive”)) + -or (the first-person singular present passive indicative of -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)).\n* From Old French chalengeor (“claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer”) (modern French challengeur), from chalenger, chalongier (see above) + -eor (variant of -or (suffix forming agent nouns)).\nBy surface analysis, challenge (verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "challengers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Challenger",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "challenger (plural challengers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "chal",
        "leng",
        "er"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonchallenger"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 22 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 20 23 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 23 27 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              65,
              75
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1876, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Eloquence”, in Letters and Social Aims, Boston, Mass.: James R[ipley] Osgood and Company, late Ticknor & Fields, and Fields, Osgood, & Co., →OCLC, page 103:",
          "text": "[C]ertainly there is no true orator who is not a hero. […] He is challenger and must answer all comers.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              138,
              148
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2020 March 14, Shane Goldmacher, “Throw out the debate Playbook: [Joe] Biden and [Bernie] Sanders to clash amid crisis”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 16 May 2023:",
          "text": "Debates are often unpredictable, but it is especially hard to game out how this debate featuring a moderate standard-bearer and a liberal challenger will unfold and how people will process it. Hundreds of thousands of viewers, if not millions, will have been personally affected by Sunday, as public gathering spaces are shuttered, schools are closed and on Thursday the stock market plunged by the largest percentage in decades (it snapped back upward on Friday).",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              104,
              114
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2020 November 23, Scott Glover, Curt Devine, Drew Griffin, Scott Bronstein, “A Dark Money Mystery in Florida Centers on the Campaign of a Spoiler Candidate who Appeared to Help a Republican Win by 32 votes”, in CNN, archived from the original on 27 Oct 2025, image caption:",
          "text": "Candidates for a state senate seat race in South Florida in which a spoiler appeared to help Republican challenger Ileana Garcia unseat incumbent Democrat Jose Javier Rodriguez.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who challenges."
      ],
      "id": "en-challenger-en-noun-WQNMybhE",
      "links": [
        [
          "challenges",
          "challenge#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "adversary"
        },
        {
          "word": "contender"
        },
        {
          "word": "disputer"
        },
        {
          "word": "opponent"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonchallenger"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 22 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 20 23 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 23 27 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "text": "challengers of traditional attitudes",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "One who confronts or opposes; a confronter, an opposer."
      ],
      "id": "en-challenger-en-noun-b1MbIXk-",
      "links": [
        [
          "challenges",
          "challenge#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "confront",
          "confront"
        ],
        [
          "oppose",
          "oppose"
        ],
        [
          "confronter",
          "confronter"
        ],
        [
          "opposer",
          "opposer"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "adversary"
        },
        {
          "word": "contender"
        },
        {
          "word": "disputer"
        },
        {
          "word": "opponent"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonchallenger"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Games",
          "orig": "en:Games",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Sports",
          "orig": "en:Sports",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 22 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 20 23 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 23 27 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              37,
              47
            ]
          ],
          "text": "The champion hopes to defeat his new challenger in the game to remain undefeated.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              89,
              100
            ]
          ],
          "text": "One child stood as king of the hill, and tried to withstand the pushes and shoves of his challengers.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              117,
              127
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 187, column 2:",
          "text": "Roſ[alind]. Young man, haue you challeng'd Charles the VVraſtler? / Orl[ando]. No faire Princeſſe: he is the general challenger, I come but in as others do, to try vvith him the ſtrength of my youth.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "One who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion."
      ],
      "id": "en-challenger-en-noun-C1nCSWTM",
      "links": [
        [
          "challenges",
          "challenge#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "games",
          "game#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "sports",
          "sports"
        ],
        [
          "plays",
          "play#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "current",
          "current#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "champion",
          "champion#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "contest",
          "contest#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "game",
          "game#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "hopes",
          "hope#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "winning",
          "win#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "becoming",
          "become"
        ],
        [
          "new",
          "new#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "(games, sports) One who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "adversary"
        },
        {
          "word": "contender"
        },
        {
          "word": "disputer"
        },
        {
          "word": "opponent"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "games",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 75 8 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "one who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion",
          "word": "haastaja"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonchallenger"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 22 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 20 26 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 19 24 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 20 23 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 19 27 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 20 30 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 23 27 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 20 30 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 14 16 41 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 19 29 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 30 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 20 29 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 30 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 20 30 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 30 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 19 31 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 19 29 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 18 36 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Irish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 31 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 31 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 19 31 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Korean translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 31 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 31 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 19 30 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 30 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 14 19 32 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Old High German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 20 30 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 19 29 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 20 30 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 19 31 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 30 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 31 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 20 30 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 19 29 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 30 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 19 30 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Thai translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 19 31 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 20 30 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 19 32 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 17 34 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Stock characters",
          "orig": "en:Stock characters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              104,
              114
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1600, T[itus] Livius [i.e., Livy], “[Book III]”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Romane Historie […], London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, page 117:",
          "text": "Novv vvhen they vvere come before Appius, ſitting judicially upon his tribunall ſeate, the plaintife or challenger aforeſaid, declareth againſt her, […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "One who brings a legal claim; a claimant, a plaintiff; also, one who accuses; an accuser."
      ],
      "id": "en-challenger-en-noun-V8rwIjJf",
      "links": [
        [
          "challenges",
          "challenge#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "brings",
          "bring#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "legal",
          "legal#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "claim",
          "claim#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "claimant",
          "claimant"
        ],
        [
          "plaintiff",
          "plaintiff"
        ],
        [
          "accuses",
          "accuse#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "accuser",
          "accuser"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "(chiefly law, obsolete) One who brings a legal claim; a claimant, a plaintiff; also, one who accuses; an accuser."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "adversary"
        },
        {
          "word": "contender"
        },
        {
          "word": "disputer"
        },
        {
          "word": "opponent"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Tennis",
          "orig": "en:Tennis",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 22 24 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 20 23 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 23 27 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Often in the form Challenger: a match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals."
      ],
      "id": "en-challenger-en-noun-B3UMobpu",
      "links": [
        [
          "tennis",
          "tennis"
        ],
        [
          "Challenger",
          "Challenger"
        ],
        [
          "match",
          "match#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "tournament",
          "tournament"
        ],
        [
          "tour",
          "tour#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "second",
          "second#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "highest",
          "high#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "tier",
          "tier#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "organize",
          "organize"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(tennis, also attributive) Often in the form Challenger: a match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "attributive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports",
        "tennis"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 3 6 5 83",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals",
          "word": "haastaja"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃælɪn(d)ʒə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-challenger.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-challenger.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-challenger.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-challenger.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-challenger.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃælənd͡ʒəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "roman": "havaknord",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "հավակնորդ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "predizvikatel",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "предизвикател"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "pretendént",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "претенде́нт"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "tiaǒzhànzhě",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "挑戰者 /挑战者"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vyzývatel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "udfordrer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "uitdager"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "haastaja"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "challengeur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "concurrent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "desafiador"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "gamomc̣vevi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "გამომწვევი"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "meṭoke",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "მეტოქე"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "mocile",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "მოცილე"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "oṗonenṭi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "ოპონენტი"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "ṗreṭendenṭi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "პრეტენდენტი"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Herausforderer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Herausforderin"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "goh",
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "urheizo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "roman": "dāvedār",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "दावेदार"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "penantang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "agóideoir"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sfidante"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "literary",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sfidatore"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "alt": "ちょうせんしゃ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "chōsensha",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "挑戦者"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "dojeonja",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "도전자"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "prōvocātor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "utfordrer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "no",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "utfordrar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "lang_code": "fa",
      "roman": "čâlešangiz",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "چالشانگیز"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "konkurent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "desafiador"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "desafiante"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "lang_code": "qu",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "tupaq"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pretendent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pretendentă"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "persoană care contestă ceva"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "pretendént",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "претенде́нт"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "изазѝва̄ч"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "izazìvāč"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vyzývateľ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "desafiador"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "retante"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "lang_code": "th",
      "roman": "kûu-kɛ̀ng",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "คู่แข่ง"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "pretendént",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "претенде́нт"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "lang_code": "vi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "người thách"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "25 25 25 25 0",
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "heriwr"
    }
  ],
  "word": "challenger"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English agent nouns",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *keh₁l-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱeh₁l-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for gender in Norwegian Bokmål entries",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian translations",
    "Terms with Old High German translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Quechua translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Thai translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:People",
    "en:Stock characters"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Challenger"
    },
    {
      "word": "Challenger Deep"
    },
    {
      "word": "challenger bank"
    },
    {
      "word": "multichallenger"
    },
    {
      "word": "nonchallenger"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱeh₁l-",
        "4": "*keh₁l-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "chalengere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English chalengere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "chalengere"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English chalengere",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "chalengen",
        "t": "to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc."
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English chalengen (“to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc.”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "agent noun",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "chalenger"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman chalenger",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "chalenger"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French chalenger",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "challenger"
      },
      "expansion": "French challenger",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "calumniāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin calumniāre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "second-person"
      },
      "expansion": "second-person",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "singular"
      },
      "expansion": "singular",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "active"
      },
      "expansion": "active",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "imperative"
      },
      "expansion": "imperative",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "indicative"
      },
      "expansion": "indicative",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calumnia",
        "t": "artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc."
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calumnia (“artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc.”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱeh₁l-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "first-person"
      },
      "expansion": "first-person",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "passive"
      },
      "expansion": "passive",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "conjugation"
      },
      "expansion": "conjugation",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "chalengeor",
        "t": "claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French chalengeor (“claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "challengeur"
      },
      "expansion": "French challengeur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "challenge",
        "3": "-er",
        "id2": "agent noun",
        "pos1": "v",
        "pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, challenge (verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English chalengere, chalangeour, chalenger (“one who causes injury, or makes false charges or slanderous statements; one who disputes, disputant, objector; claimant”), and then partly from both of the following:\n* From Middle English chalengen (“to accuse; to accuse falsely or maliciously, slander; to treat unjustly, wrong; to dispute, object; to make a claim or demand; to rebuke, scold; to issue a challenge to; etc.”) + -er, -ere (suffix forming agent nouns). Chalengen is derived from Anglo-Norman chalenger, and Old French chalenger, chalongier (“to challenge, dispute; to claim; etc.”) (modern French challenger), from Late Latin calumniāre, the second-person singular present active imperative or indicative of calumnior (“to accuse falsely; to make hurtful untrue comments about; etc.”), from Latin calumnia (“artifice, trickery; false accusation; false statement; etc.”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-, *keh₁l- (“to beguile, deceive”)) + -or (the first-person singular present passive indicative of -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)).\n* From Old French chalengeor (“claimant, plaintiff; false accuser, slanderer”) (modern French challengeur), from chalenger, chalongier (see above) + -eor (variant of -or (suffix forming agent nouns)).\nBy surface analysis, challenge (verb) + -er (suffix forming agent nouns).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "challengers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Challenger",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "challenger (plural challengers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "chal",
        "leng",
        "er"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonchallenger"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              65,
              75
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1876, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Eloquence”, in Letters and Social Aims, Boston, Mass.: James R[ipley] Osgood and Company, late Ticknor & Fields, and Fields, Osgood, & Co., →OCLC, page 103:",
          "text": "[C]ertainly there is no true orator who is not a hero. […] He is challenger and must answer all comers.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              138,
              148
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2020 March 14, Shane Goldmacher, “Throw out the debate Playbook: [Joe] Biden and [Bernie] Sanders to clash amid crisis”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 16 May 2023:",
          "text": "Debates are often unpredictable, but it is especially hard to game out how this debate featuring a moderate standard-bearer and a liberal challenger will unfold and how people will process it. Hundreds of thousands of viewers, if not millions, will have been personally affected by Sunday, as public gathering spaces are shuttered, schools are closed and on Thursday the stock market plunged by the largest percentage in decades (it snapped back upward on Friday).",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              104,
              114
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2020 November 23, Scott Glover, Curt Devine, Drew Griffin, Scott Bronstein, “A Dark Money Mystery in Florida Centers on the Campaign of a Spoiler Candidate who Appeared to Help a Republican Win by 32 votes”, in CNN, archived from the original on 27 Oct 2025, image caption:",
          "text": "Candidates for a state senate seat race in South Florida in which a spoiler appeared to help Republican challenger Ileana Garcia unseat incumbent Democrat Jose Javier Rodriguez.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who challenges."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "challenges",
          "challenge#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "adversary"
        },
        {
          "word": "contender"
        },
        {
          "word": "disputer"
        },
        {
          "word": "opponent"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonchallenger"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "text": "challengers of traditional attitudes",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "One who confronts or opposes; a confronter, an opposer."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "challenges",
          "challenge#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "confront",
          "confront"
        ],
        [
          "oppose",
          "oppose"
        ],
        [
          "confronter",
          "confronter"
        ],
        [
          "opposer",
          "opposer"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "adversary"
        },
        {
          "word": "contender"
        },
        {
          "word": "disputer"
        },
        {
          "word": "opponent"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonchallenger"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Games",
        "en:Sports"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              37,
              47
            ]
          ],
          "text": "The champion hopes to defeat his new challenger in the game to remain undefeated.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              89,
              100
            ]
          ],
          "text": "One child stood as king of the hill, and tried to withstand the pushes and shoves of his challengers.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              117,
              127
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 187, column 2:",
          "text": "Roſ[alind]. Young man, haue you challeng'd Charles the VVraſtler? / Orl[ando]. No faire Princeſſe: he is the general challenger, I come but in as others do, to try vvith him the ſtrength of my youth.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "One who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "challenges",
          "challenge#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "games",
          "game#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "sports",
          "sports"
        ],
        [
          "plays",
          "play#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "current",
          "current#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "champion",
          "champion#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "contest",
          "contest#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "game",
          "game#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "hopes",
          "hope#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "winning",
          "win#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "becoming",
          "become"
        ],
        [
          "new",
          "new#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "(games, sports) One who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "adversary"
        },
        {
          "word": "contender"
        },
        {
          "word": "disputer"
        },
        {
          "word": "opponent"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "games",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonchallenger"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Law"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              104,
              114
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1600, T[itus] Livius [i.e., Livy], “[Book III]”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Romane Historie […], London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, page 117:",
          "text": "Novv vvhen they vvere come before Appius, ſitting judicially upon his tribunall ſeate, the plaintife or challenger aforeſaid, declareth againſt her, […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "One who brings a legal claim; a claimant, a plaintiff; also, one who accuses; an accuser."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "challenges",
          "challenge#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "brings",
          "bring#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "legal",
          "legal#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "claim",
          "claim#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "claimant",
          "claimant"
        ],
        [
          "plaintiff",
          "plaintiff"
        ],
        [
          "accuses",
          "accuse#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "accuser",
          "accuser"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "One who challenges.",
        "(chiefly law, obsolete) One who brings a legal claim; a claimant, a plaintiff; also, one who accuses; an accuser."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "adversary"
        },
        {
          "word": "contender"
        },
        {
          "word": "disputer"
        },
        {
          "word": "opponent"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Tennis"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Often in the form Challenger: a match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tennis",
          "tennis"
        ],
        [
          "Challenger",
          "Challenger"
        ],
        [
          "match",
          "match#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "tournament",
          "tournament"
        ],
        [
          "tour",
          "tour#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "second",
          "second#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "highest",
          "high#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "tier",
          "tier#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "organize",
          "organize"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(tennis, also attributive) Often in the form Challenger: a match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "attributive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports",
        "tennis"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃælɪn(d)ʒə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-challenger.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-challenger.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-challenger.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-challenger.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-challenger.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃælənd͡ʒəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "roman": "havaknord",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "հավակնորդ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "predizvikatel",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "предизвикател"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "pretendént",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "претенде́нт"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "tiaǒzhànzhě",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "挑戰者 /挑战者"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vyzývatel"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "udfordrer"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "uitdager"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "haastaja"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "challengeur"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "concurrent"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "desafiador"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "gamomc̣vevi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "გამომწვევი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "meṭoke",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "მეტოქე"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "mocile",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "მოცილე"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "oṗonenṭi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "ოპონენტი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "ṗreṭendenṭi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "პრეტენდენტი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Herausforderer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Herausforderin"
    },
    {
      "code": "goh",
      "lang": "Old High German",
      "lang_code": "goh",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "urheizo"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "roman": "dāvedār",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "दावेदार"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "penantang"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "agóideoir"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sfidante"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "literary",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sfidatore"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ちょうせんしゃ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "chōsensha",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "挑戦者"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "dojeonja",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "도전자"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "prōvocātor"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "utfordrer"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "no",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "utfordrar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "lang_code": "fa",
      "roman": "čâlešangiz",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "چالشانگیز"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "konkurent"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "desafiador"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "desafiante"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "lang_code": "qu",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "tupaq"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pretendent"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pretendentă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "persoană care contestă ceva"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "pretendént",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "претенде́нт"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "изазѝва̄ч"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "izazìvāč"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vyzývateľ"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "desafiador"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "retante"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "lang_code": "th",
      "roman": "kûu-kɛ̀ng",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "คู่แข่ง"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "pretendént",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "претенде́нт"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "lang_code": "vi",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "word": "người thách"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "sense": "one who challenges",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "heriwr"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "one who plays against the current champion of a contest or game in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion",
      "word": "haastaja"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "match, tournament, or tour of the second-highest tier organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals",
      "word": "haastaja"
    }
  ],
  "word": "challenger"
}

Download raw JSONL data for challenger meaning in English (20.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
  "msg": "''One who challenges.'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
  "path": [
    "challenger"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "challenger",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-11 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.