See carcinogen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "carcino-",
"4": "-gen",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish carcino-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nProto-Hellenic *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.\nFrench -gènebor.\nEnglish -gen\nEnglish carcinogen\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"family\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*génos\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"γένος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ēs\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ēs\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ης\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-γενής\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-gène\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-gen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"carcinogen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"carcinogen\">\nFrom carcino- + -gen.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish carcino-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nProto-Hellenic *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.\nFrench -gènebor.\nEnglish -gen\nEnglish carcinogen\nFrom carcino- + -gen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carcinogens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carcinogen (plural carcinogens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with carcino-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -gen",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oncology",
"orig": "en:Oncology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anticarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "biocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "carcinogenic"
},
{
"word": "carcinogenicity"
},
{
"word": "cocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "hepatocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "nephrocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "noncarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "photocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "precarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "procarcinogen"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
75
]
],
"ref": "1995 October 26, Barbra Wiener, Executive Director Women's Cancer Resource Center Minneapolis, “Letter: Focus Cancer Research on Prevention”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 30 Jun 2013:",
"text": "We know there are substances in our environment that are proven carcinogens—ionizing radiation, electromagnetic fields, organochlorines, pesticides and herbicides.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
172,
182
]
],
"ref": "2021 November 26, Jackie Wattles, “Some Old Spice and Secret deodorants recalled after cancer-causing chemical is detected”, in CNN Business:",
"text": "This isn’t the first benzene-related recall of 2021. In July, Johnson & Johnson recalled some spray-on Neutrogena and Aveeno sunscreens after it detected low levels of the carcinogen in the products.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
60,
71
]
],
"ref": "2024 September 24, Sandee LaMotte, “Chemicals linked to breast cancer leach into our foods, study finds”, in CNN:",
"text": "“There is strong evidence that 76 known or potential breast carcinogens from food contact materials recently purchased all over the world can be found in people,” said study coauthor Jane Muncke, managing director and chief scientific officer at the Food Packaging Forum, a nonprofit foundation based in Zurich, Switzerland, that focuses on science communication and research.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A substance or agent that can cause cancer."
],
"id": "en-carcinogen-en-noun-bnZ0~HHF",
"links": [
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"cancer",
"cancer"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "carcinogenesis"
},
{
"word": "carcinoid"
},
{
"word": "carcinology"
},
{
"word": "carcinoma"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "kʻaġcʻkeġacin",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "քաղցկեղածին"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinogen"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cancerigen"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "zi³ ngaam⁴ mat⁶ zat¹",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "致癌物質 /致癌物质"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "zhì'ái wùzhì",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "致癌物質 /致癌物质"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karcinogen"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "carcinogen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "carcinogeen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kankerverwekkende stof"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "kantserogeen"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "kartsinogeen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "karsinogeeni"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "syöpää aiheuttava aine"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cancérogène"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinogène"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Karzinogen"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "krabbameinsvaldur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "karsinogen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carcanaigin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agente cancerogeno"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prodotto cancerogeno"
},
{
"alt": "はつがんぶっしつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "hatsugan busshitsu",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "発癌物質"
},
{
"alt": "發癌物質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "barammuljil",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "발암물질"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "karsinogen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czynnik rakotwórczy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinógeno"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "kancerogén",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "канцероге́н"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karcinogen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карциноген"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinógeno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cancerígeno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinogénico"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carsinogen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑɹˈsɪnəd͡ʒən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "carcinogen"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "anticarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "biocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "carcinogenic"
},
{
"word": "carcinogenicity"
},
{
"word": "cocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "hepatocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "nephrocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "noncarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "photocarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "precarcinogen"
},
{
"word": "procarcinogen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "carcino-",
"4": "-gen",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish carcino-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nProto-Hellenic *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.\nFrench -gènebor.\nEnglish -gen\nEnglish carcinogen\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"family\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*génos\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"γένος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ēs\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ēs\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ης\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-γενής\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-gène\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-gen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"carcinogen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"carcinogen\">\nFrom carcino- + -gen.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish carcino-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nProto-Hellenic *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor.\nFrench -gènebor.\nEnglish -gen\nEnglish carcinogen\nFrom carcino- + -gen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carcinogens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carcinogen (plural carcinogens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "carcinogenesis"
},
{
"word": "carcinoid"
},
{
"word": "carcinology"
},
{
"word": "carcinoma"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"English terms prefixed with carcino-",
"English terms suffixed with -gen",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Oncology"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
75
]
],
"ref": "1995 October 26, Barbra Wiener, Executive Director Women's Cancer Resource Center Minneapolis, “Letter: Focus Cancer Research on Prevention”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 30 Jun 2013:",
"text": "We know there are substances in our environment that are proven carcinogens—ionizing radiation, electromagnetic fields, organochlorines, pesticides and herbicides.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
172,
182
]
],
"ref": "2021 November 26, Jackie Wattles, “Some Old Spice and Secret deodorants recalled after cancer-causing chemical is detected”, in CNN Business:",
"text": "This isn’t the first benzene-related recall of 2021. In July, Johnson & Johnson recalled some spray-on Neutrogena and Aveeno sunscreens after it detected low levels of the carcinogen in the products.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
60,
71
]
],
"ref": "2024 September 24, Sandee LaMotte, “Chemicals linked to breast cancer leach into our foods, study finds”, in CNN:",
"text": "“There is strong evidence that 76 known or potential breast carcinogens from food contact materials recently purchased all over the world can be found in people,” said study coauthor Jane Muncke, managing director and chief scientific officer at the Food Packaging Forum, a nonprofit foundation based in Zurich, Switzerland, that focuses on science communication and research.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A substance or agent that can cause cancer."
],
"links": [
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"cancer",
"cancer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑɹˈsɪnəd͡ʒən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carcinogen.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "kʻaġcʻkeġacin",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "քաղցկեղածին"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinogen"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cancerigen"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"roman": "zi³ ngaam⁴ mat⁶ zat¹",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "致癌物質 /致癌物质"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "zhì'ái wùzhì",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "致癌物質 /致癌物质"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karcinogen"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "carcinogen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "carcinogeen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kankerverwekkende stof"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "kantserogeen"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "kartsinogeen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "karsinogeeni"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "syöpää aiheuttava aine"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cancérogène"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinogène"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Karzinogen"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "krabbameinsvaldur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "karsinogen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carcanaigin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agente cancerogeno"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prodotto cancerogeno"
},
{
"alt": "はつがんぶっしつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "hatsugan busshitsu",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "発癌物質"
},
{
"alt": "發癌物質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "barammuljil",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "발암물질"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"word": "karsinogen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czynnik rakotwórczy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinógeno"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "kancerogén",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "канцероге́н"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karcinogen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карциноген"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinógeno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cancerígeno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcinogénico"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "substance or agent that can cause cancer",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carsinogen"
}
],
"word": "carcinogen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for carcinogen meaning in English (13.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.