See cacography in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cacographer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cacographic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cacographical"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caco-",
"3": "-graphy"
},
"expansion": "caco- + -graphy",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "cacographie",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle French cacographie",
"name": "calque"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From caco- + -graphy, perhaps after Middle French cacographie.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cacographies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cacography (countable and uncountable, plural cacographies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "illegible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "indecipherable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "indistinct"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "obscure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "scrawled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unclear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "undecipherable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unreadable"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "orthography"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "78 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 29 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with caco-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 10 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -graphy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 7 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 3 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 9 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 7 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 11 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 7 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 6 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 9 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Writing",
"orig": "en:Writing",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1846, Gabriel Surenne, A Practical Grammar of French Rhetoric, IV.4.1:",
"text": "A phrase exhibits proofs of cacography, when the accents are misplaced, forgotten, or used erroneously.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1999 February 25, Jack Schofield, The Guardian:",
"text": "In 1997, two American entrepreneurs, Robert Hoffer and Timothy Kay, formed a company called Typo.net to try to profit from Web surfers' cacography.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bad spelling or punctuation, especially unintuitive spellings considered as a feature of a whole language or dialect."
],
"id": "en-cacography-en-noun-z3iqLdae",
"links": [
[
"Bad",
"bad"
],
[
"spelling",
"spelling"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "huono käsiala"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "fi",
"english": "handwriting",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "tuherrus"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacographie"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografía"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Falschschreibung"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schlechter Schreibstil"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verballhornung"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schlechte Handschrift"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografia"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nogopis",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ногопис"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kakografia"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografia"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografie"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kakográfija",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "какогра́фия"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 2 22",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografía"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Onwuchekwa Jemie, editor, Yo' Mama!, page 10:",
"text": "The soul of dialect is cacography, the deliberate misspelling of words for comic effect, which is the written equivalent of the malapropism.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deliberate comic misspelling; malapropism."
],
"id": "en-cacography-en-noun-QVkxOG0t",
"links": [
[
"misspelling",
"misspelling"
],
[
"malapropism",
"malapropism"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "calligraphy"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1904, John Rexford, What Handwriting Indicates, pages 90–91:",
"text": "Many illegible letters is the sign of disorder, and the illegibility of Greeley's cacography has furnished numberless anecdotes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002 June 29, Mil Millington, The Guardian:",
"text": "Germans write a \"1\" so it's easy to confuse it with a \"7\": mathematics and cacography can leave Margret and I not speaking to each other for a week.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Martin L. Buxbaum, Negotiations with the Sniper: Book One, page 63:",
"text": "I don't even recognize the handwriting – kind of a scrawled, almost illegible cacography with the letters slanting haphazardly in all directions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Poor or illegible handwriting."
],
"id": "en-cacography-en-noun-wTAbbiv3",
"links": [
[
"Poor",
"poor"
],
[
"illegible",
"illegible"
],
[
"handwriting",
"handwriting"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈkɒɡɹəfi/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡɹəfi"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kakography"
}
],
"word": "cacography"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms calqued from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms prefixed with caco-",
"English terms suffixed with -graphy",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡɹəfi",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡɹəfi/4 syllables",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss",
"en:Writing"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cacographer"
},
{
"word": "cacographic"
},
{
"word": "cacographical"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"3": "-graphy"
},
"expansion": "caco- + -graphy",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "cacographie",
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},
"expansion": "Middle French cacographie",
"name": "calque"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From caco- + -graphy, perhaps after Middle French cacographie.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cacographies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cacography (countable and uncountable, plural cacographies)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "illegible"
},
{
"word": "indecipherable"
},
{
"word": "indistinct"
},
{
"word": "obscure"
},
{
"word": "scrawled"
},
{
"word": "unclear"
},
{
"word": "undecipherable"
},
{
"word": "unreadable"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "orthography"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1846, Gabriel Surenne, A Practical Grammar of French Rhetoric, IV.4.1:",
"text": "A phrase exhibits proofs of cacography, when the accents are misplaced, forgotten, or used erroneously.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1999 February 25, Jack Schofield, The Guardian:",
"text": "In 1997, two American entrepreneurs, Robert Hoffer and Timothy Kay, formed a company called Typo.net to try to profit from Web surfers' cacography.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bad spelling or punctuation, especially unintuitive spellings considered as a feature of a whole language or dialect."
],
"links": [
[
"Bad",
"bad"
],
[
"spelling",
"spelling"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Onwuchekwa Jemie, editor, Yo' Mama!, page 10:",
"text": "The soul of dialect is cacography, the deliberate misspelling of words for comic effect, which is the written equivalent of the malapropism.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deliberate comic misspelling; malapropism."
],
"links": [
[
"misspelling",
"misspelling"
],
[
"malapropism",
"malapropism"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "calligraphy"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1904, John Rexford, What Handwriting Indicates, pages 90–91:",
"text": "Many illegible letters is the sign of disorder, and the illegibility of Greeley's cacography has furnished numberless anecdotes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002 June 29, Mil Millington, The Guardian:",
"text": "Germans write a \"1\" so it's easy to confuse it with a \"7\": mathematics and cacography can leave Margret and I not speaking to each other for a week.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Martin L. Buxbaum, Negotiations with the Sniper: Book One, page 63:",
"text": "I don't even recognize the handwriting – kind of a scrawled, almost illegible cacography with the letters slanting haphazardly in all directions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Poor or illegible handwriting."
],
"links": [
[
"Poor",
"poor"
],
[
"illegible",
"illegible"
],
[
"handwriting",
"handwriting"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈkɒɡɹəfi/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡɹəfi"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kakography"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "huono käsiala"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "handwriting",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "tuherrus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacographie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografía"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Falschschreibung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schlechter Schreibstil"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verballhornung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schlechte Handschrift"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografia"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nogopis",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ногопис"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kakografia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kakográfija",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "какогра́фия"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cacografía"
}
],
"word": "cacography"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cacography meaning in English (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.