See burgh in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Blythburgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "burghal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "burghbote"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "burgher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "burghmote"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "burgh of barony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "burgh of regality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Edinburgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Edithburgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Musselburgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Newburgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "parliamentary burgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Petersburgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Pittsburgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "police burgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "royal burgh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "borwe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English borwe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "burh"
},
"expansion": "Old English burh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*burg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *burg",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burgz",
"4": "",
"5": "city, stronghold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burgz (“city, stronghold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "burg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch burg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bourg"
},
"expansion": "French bourg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Burg"
},
"expansion": "German Burg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "برج",
"3": "",
"4": "tower; battlement, fort",
"tr": "borj"
},
"expansion": "Persian برج (borj, “tower; battlement, fort”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "borg"
},
"expansion": "Swedish borg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "borough",
"3": "Brough",
"4": "Bury"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of borough, Brough, and Bury",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English borwe, borgh, burgh, buruh, from Old English burh, from Proto-West Germanic *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“city, stronghold”).\nCognate with Dutch burg, French bourg, German Burg, Persian برج (borj, “tower; battlement, fort”), Swedish borg. Doublet of borough, Brough, and Bury.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "burghs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "burgh (plural burghs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sussex English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a small mound, often used in reference to tumuli (mostly restricted to place names)."
],
"id": "en-burgh-en-noun-CtGQ8SBA",
"links": [
[
"mound",
"mound"
],
[
"tumuli",
"tumulus"
]
],
"qualifier": "Sussex",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Sussex) a small mound, often used in reference to tumuli (mostly restricted to place names)."
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Administrative divisions",
"orig": "en:Administrative divisions",
"parents": [
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Scotland",
"orig": "en:Scotland",
"parents": [
"United Kingdom",
"British Isles",
"Europe",
"Islands",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1815, William Wordsworth, The Excursion, Book Eighth, The Parsonage, lines 95-104, http://www.bartleby.com/145/ww405.html\nWith fruitless pains / Might one like me 'now' visit many a tract / Which, in his youth, he trod, and trod again, / A lone pedestrian with a scanty freight, / Wished-for, or welcome, wheresoe'er he came— / Among the tenantry of thorpe and vill; / Or straggling burgh, of ancient charter proud, / And dignified by battlements and towers / Of some stern castle, mouldering on the brow / Of a green hill or bank of rugged stream."
},
{
"ref": "1953, C. S. Lewis, chapter 6, in The Silver Chair, Collins, published 1998:",
"text": "This road leads to the burgh and castle of Harfang, where dwell the gentle giants.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a borough or chartered town (now only used as an official subdivision in Scotland)."
],
"id": "en-burgh-en-noun-ulo0sO2q",
"links": [
[
"borough",
"borough"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) a borough or chartered town (now only used as an official subdivision in Scotland)."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "borough or chartered town",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cochorp"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "borough or chartered town",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "borgh"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "borough or chartered town",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baile"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌɹə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-burgh.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-burgh.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-burgh.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-burgh.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-burgh.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "borough"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɹə"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌɹoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɝɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-berg.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-berg.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-berg.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-berg.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-berg.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "berg"
},
{
"homophone": "burg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ɡ"
}
],
"word": "burgh"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ɡ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɹə",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɹə/2 syllables",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"en:Administrative divisions",
"en:Scotland"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Blythburgh"
},
{
"word": "burghal"
},
{
"word": "burghbote"
},
{
"word": "burgher"
},
{
"word": "burghmote"
},
{
"word": "burgh of barony"
},
{
"word": "burgh of regality"
},
{
"word": "Edinburgh"
},
{
"word": "Edithburgh"
},
{
"word": "Musselburgh"
},
{
"word": "Newburgh"
},
{
"word": "parliamentary burgh"
},
{
"word": "Petersburgh"
},
{
"word": "Pittsburgh"
},
{
"word": "police burgh"
},
{
"word": "royal burgh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "borwe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English borwe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "burh"
},
"expansion": "Old English burh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*burg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *burg",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burgz",
"4": "",
"5": "city, stronghold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burgz (“city, stronghold”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "burg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch burg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bourg"
},
"expansion": "French bourg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Burg"
},
"expansion": "German Burg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "برج",
"3": "",
"4": "tower; battlement, fort",
"tr": "borj"
},
"expansion": "Persian برج (borj, “tower; battlement, fort”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "borg"
},
"expansion": "Swedish borg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "borough",
"3": "Brough",
"4": "Bury"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of borough, Brough, and Bury",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English borwe, borgh, burgh, buruh, from Old English burh, from Proto-West Germanic *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“city, stronghold”).\nCognate with Dutch burg, French bourg, German Burg, Persian برج (borj, “tower; battlement, fort”), Swedish borg. Doublet of borough, Brough, and Bury.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "burghs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "burgh (plural burghs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Sussex English"
],
"glosses": [
"a small mound, often used in reference to tumuli (mostly restricted to place names)."
],
"links": [
[
"mound",
"mound"
],
[
"tumuli",
"tumulus"
]
],
"qualifier": "Sussex",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Sussex) a small mound, often used in reference to tumuli (mostly restricted to place names)."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1815, William Wordsworth, The Excursion, Book Eighth, The Parsonage, lines 95-104, http://www.bartleby.com/145/ww405.html\nWith fruitless pains / Might one like me 'now' visit many a tract / Which, in his youth, he trod, and trod again, / A lone pedestrian with a scanty freight, / Wished-for, or welcome, wheresoe'er he came— / Among the tenantry of thorpe and vill; / Or straggling burgh, of ancient charter proud, / And dignified by battlements and towers / Of some stern castle, mouldering on the brow / Of a green hill or bank of rugged stream."
},
{
"ref": "1953, C. S. Lewis, chapter 6, in The Silver Chair, Collins, published 1998:",
"text": "This road leads to the burgh and castle of Harfang, where dwell the gentle giants.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a borough or chartered town (now only used as an official subdivision in Scotland)."
],
"links": [
[
"borough",
"borough"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) a borough or chartered town (now only used as an official subdivision in Scotland)."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌɹə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-burgh.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-burgh.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-burgh.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-burgh.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-burgh.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "borough"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɹə"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌɹoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɝɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-berg.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-berg.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-berg.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-berg.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-berg.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "berg"
},
{
"homophone": "burg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ɡ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "borough or chartered town",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cochorp"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "borough or chartered town",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "borgh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "borough or chartered town",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baile"
}
],
"word": "burgh"
}
Download raw JSONL data for burgh meaning in English (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.