See buckram in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for buckram meaning in English (7.5kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bukeram",
"4": "",
"5": "fine linen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "bokeram"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman bokeram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boquerant"
},
"expansion": "Old French boquerant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bougherant",
"3": "",
"4": "fine cloth"
},
"expansion": "bougherant (“fine cloth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bougueran"
},
"expansion": "bougueran",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Bokhara"
},
"expansion": "Bokhara",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”), from Anglo-Norman bokeram, from Old French boquerant, bougherant (“fine cloth”), bougueran, probably ultimately from Bokhara, a city in southeastern Uzbekistan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "buckram (usually uncountable, plural buckrams)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 10 42 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 557",
"text": "Buckram was probably from the first a stiffened material employed for lining, often dyed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A coarse cloth of cotton, linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in bookbinding to cover and protect the books, in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise."
],
"id": "en-buckram-en-noun-Lo2eJOPN",
"links": [
[
"cotton",
"cotton"
],
[
"linen",
"linen"
],
[
"hemp",
"hemp"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"bookbinding",
"bookbinding"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"word": "jäykistekangas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"word": "kovikekangas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"topics": [
"clothing",
"textiles",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"business"
],
"word": "tukikangas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"topics": [
"bookbinding",
"crafts",
"arts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "klootti"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bougran"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolenkór",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "коленко́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klot"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 10 42 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A crab that has just molted; a papershell."
],
"id": "en-buckram-en-noun-QwZQHFZt",
"links": [
[
"papershell",
"papershell"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bukeram",
"4": "",
"5": "fine linen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "bokeram"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman bokeram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boquerant"
},
"expansion": "Old French boquerant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bougherant",
"3": "",
"4": "fine cloth"
},
"expansion": "bougherant (“fine cloth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bougueran"
},
"expansion": "bougueran",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Bokhara"
},
"expansion": "Bokhara",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”), from Anglo-Norman bokeram, from Old French boquerant, bougherant (“fine cloth”), bougueran, probably ultimately from Bokhara, a city in southeastern Uzbekistan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "buckraming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "buckramed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckramed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckrammed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckrammed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "buckrammed"
},
"expansion": "buckram (third-person singular simple present buckrams, present participle buckraming, simple past and past participle buckramed or buckrammed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To stiffen with or as if with buckram."
],
"id": "en-buckram-en-verb-AKauhWk5",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To stiffen with or as if with buckram."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "buckrams"
},
"expansion": "buckrams",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "buck",
"3": "ramson",
"alt2": "ramps, ramsh",
"t2": "wild garlic, ramson"
},
"expansion": "buck + ramps, ramsh (“wild garlic, ramson”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ramsløg",
"3": "",
"4": "ramson"
},
"expansion": "Danish ramsløg (“ramson”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ramslök",
"3": "",
"4": "bear garlic, ramson"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ramslök (“bear garlic, ramson”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a back-formation from earlier buckrams, from buck + ramps, ramsh (“wild garlic, ramson”). Compare Danish ramsløg (“ramson”), Swedish ramslök (“bear garlic, ramson”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "buckram (plural buckrams)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 26 49 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 26 52 2",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
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{
"_dis": "17 15 66 2",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 10 42 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A plant, Allium ursinum, also called ramson, wild garlic, or bear garlic."
],
"id": "en-buckram-en-noun-HUZ172Nk",
"links": [
[
"Allium ursinum",
"Allium ursinum#Translingual"
],
[
"ramson",
"ramson"
],
[
"wild garlic",
"wild garlic"
],
[
"bear garlic",
"bear garlic"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ramp"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "buckrams"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English back-formations",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"en:Fabrics"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bukeram",
"4": "",
"5": "fine linen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "bokeram"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman bokeram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boquerant"
},
"expansion": "Old French boquerant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bougherant",
"3": "",
"4": "fine cloth"
},
"expansion": "bougherant (“fine cloth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bougueran"
},
"expansion": "bougueran",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Bokhara"
},
"expansion": "Bokhara",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”), from Anglo-Norman bokeram, from Old French boquerant, bougherant (“fine cloth”), bougueran, probably ultimately from Bokhara, a city in southeastern Uzbekistan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "buckram (usually uncountable, plural buckrams)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 557",
"text": "Buckram was probably from the first a stiffened material employed for lining, often dyed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A coarse cloth of cotton, linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in bookbinding to cover and protect the books, in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise."
],
"links": [
[
"cotton",
"cotton"
],
[
"linen",
"linen"
],
[
"hemp",
"hemp"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"bookbinding",
"bookbinding"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A crab that has just molted; a papershell."
],
"links": [
[
"papershell",
"papershell"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"word": "jäykistekangas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"word": "kovikekangas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"topics": [
"clothing",
"textiles",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"business"
],
"word": "tukikangas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"topics": [
"bookbinding",
"crafts",
"arts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "klootti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bougran"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolenkór",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "коленко́р"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klot"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English back-formations",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"en:Fabrics"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bukeram",
"4": "",
"5": "fine linen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "bokeram"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman bokeram",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boquerant"
},
"expansion": "Old French boquerant",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bougherant",
"3": "",
"4": "fine cloth"
},
"expansion": "bougherant (“fine cloth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bougueran"
},
"expansion": "bougueran",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Bokhara"
},
"expansion": "Bokhara",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”), from Anglo-Norman bokeram, from Old French boquerant, bougherant (“fine cloth”), bougueran, probably ultimately from Bokhara, a city in southeastern Uzbekistan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "buckraming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "buckramed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckramed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckrammed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckrammed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "buckram (third-person singular simple present buckrams, present participle buckraming, simple past and past participle buckramed or buckrammed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To stiffen with or as if with buckram."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To stiffen with or as if with buckram."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English back-formations",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"en:Fabrics"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "buckrams"
},
"expansion": "buckrams",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "buck",
"3": "ramson",
"alt2": "ramps, ramsh",
"t2": "wild garlic, ramson"
},
"expansion": "buck + ramps, ramsh (“wild garlic, ramson”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ramsløg",
"3": "",
"4": "ramson"
},
"expansion": "Danish ramsløg (“ramson”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ramslök",
"3": "",
"4": "bear garlic, ramson"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ramslök (“bear garlic, ramson”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a back-formation from earlier buckrams, from buck + ramps, ramsh (“wild garlic, ramson”). Compare Danish ramsløg (“ramson”), Swedish ramslök (“bear garlic, ramson”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "buckram (plural buckrams)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ramp"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A plant, Allium ursinum, also called ramson, wild garlic, or bear garlic."
],
"links": [
[
"Allium ursinum",
"Allium ursinum#Translingual"
],
[
"ramson",
"ramson"
],
[
"wild garlic",
"wild garlic"
],
[
"bear garlic",
"bear garlic"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "buckrams"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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