See buckram on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "unbuckramed"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "bukeram",
"4": "",
"5": "fine linen"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "xno",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boquerant"
},
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"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”), from Anglo-Norman bokeram, from Old French boquerant, bougherant (“fine cloth”), bougueran, probably ultimately from Bokhara, a city in southeastern Uzbekistan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
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"plural"
]
}
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"head_templates": [
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "53 36 12",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 11 44 3",
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"name": "Fabrics",
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"Manufacturing",
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"Human",
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"Fundamental"
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{
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:",
"text": "Four rogues in buckram let drive at me—",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 557:",
"text": "Buckram was probably from the first a stiffened material employed for lining, often dyed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A coarse cloth of cotton, linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in bookbinding to cover and protect the books, in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise."
],
"id": "en-buckram-en-noun-Lo2eJOPN",
"links": [
[
"cotton",
"cotton"
],
[
"linen",
"linen"
],
[
"hemp",
"hemp"
],
[
"size",
"size#English:_glue"
],
[
"bookbinding",
"bookbinding"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"word": "jäykistekangas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"word": "kovikekangas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"topics": [
"clothing",
"textiles",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"business"
],
"word": "tukikangas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"topics": [
"bookbinding",
"crafts",
"arts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "klootti"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bougran"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolenkór",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "коленко́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klot"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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},
{
"_dis": "43 42 15",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 11 44 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A crab that has just molted; a papershell."
],
"id": "en-buckram-en-noun-QwZQHFZt",
"links": [
[
"papershell",
"papershell"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
{
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"3": "bukeram",
"4": "",
"5": "fine linen"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "xno",
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boquerant"
},
"expansion": "Old French boquerant",
"name": "der"
}
],
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{
"form": "buckrams",
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"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "buckraming",
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"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "buckramed",
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"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckramed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckrammed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckrammed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "buckrammed"
},
"expansion": "buckram (third-person singular simple present buckrams, present participle buckraming, simple past and past participle buckramed or buckrammed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 39 21",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 42 15",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stiffen with or as if with buckram."
],
"id": "en-buckram-en-verb-AKauhWk5",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To stiffen with or as if with buckram."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "buck",
"3": "ramson",
"alt2": "ramps, ramsh",
"t2": "wild garlic, ramson"
},
"expansion": "buck + ramps, ramsh (“wild garlic, ramson”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ramsløg",
"3": "",
"4": "ramson"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ramslök",
"3": "",
"4": "bear garlic, ramson"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ramslök (“bear garlic, ramson”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a back-formation from earlier buckrams, from buck + ramps, ramsh (“wild garlic, ramson”). Compare Danish ramsløg (“ramson”), Swedish ramslök (“bear garlic, ramson”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
"expansion": "buckram (plural buckrams)",
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"lang_code": "en",
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 25 51 6",
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},
{
"_dis": "20 25 53 3",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "42 11 44 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A plant, Allium ursinum, also called ramson, wild garlic, or bear garlic."
],
"id": "en-buckram-en-noun-HUZ172Nk",
"links": [
[
"Allium ursinum",
"Allium ursinum#Translingual"
],
[
"ramson",
"ramson"
],
[
"wild garlic",
"wild garlic"
],
[
"bear garlic",
"bear garlic"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ramp"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "buckrams"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
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"English compound terms",
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"English lemmas",
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"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Fabrics"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "unbuckramed"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bukeram",
"4": "",
"5": "fine linen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
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},
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},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boquerant"
},
"expansion": "Old French boquerant",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”), from Anglo-Norman bokeram, from Old French boquerant, bougherant (“fine cloth”), bougueran, probably ultimately from Bokhara, a city in southeastern Uzbekistan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
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}
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
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{
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:",
"text": "Four rogues in buckram let drive at me—",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 557:",
"text": "Buckram was probably from the first a stiffened material employed for lining, often dyed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A coarse cloth of cotton, linen or hemp, stiffened with size or glue, used in bookbinding to cover and protect the books, in garments to keep them in the form intended, and for wrappers to cover merchandise."
],
"links": [
[
"cotton",
"cotton"
],
[
"linen",
"linen"
],
[
"hemp",
"hemp"
],
[
"size",
"size#English:_glue"
],
[
"bookbinding",
"bookbinding"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A crab that has just molted; a papershell."
],
"links": [
[
"papershell",
"papershell"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"word": "jäykistekangas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"word": "kovikekangas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"topics": [
"clothing",
"textiles",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"business"
],
"word": "tukikangas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloth",
"topics": [
"bookbinding",
"crafts",
"arts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "klootti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bougran"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolenkór",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "коленко́р"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cloth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "klot"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
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"English compound terms",
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"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
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"Pages with 1 entry",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Fabrics"
],
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"3": "bukeram",
"4": "",
"5": "fine linen"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
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},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boquerant"
},
"expansion": "Old French boquerant",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bukeram (“fine linen”), from Anglo-Norman bokeram, from Old French boquerant, bougherant (“fine cloth”), bougueran, probably ultimately from Bokhara, a city in southeastern Uzbekistan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "buckraming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "buckramed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckramed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckrammed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buckrammed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To stiffen with or as if with buckram."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To stiffen with or as if with buckram."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
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"English compound terms",
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"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
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"Pages with 1 entry",
"en:Fabrics"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "buck",
"3": "ramson",
"alt2": "ramps, ramsh",
"t2": "wild garlic, ramson"
},
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"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ramsløg",
"3": "",
"4": "ramson"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ramslök",
"3": "",
"4": "bear garlic, ramson"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ramslök (“bear garlic, ramson”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a back-formation from earlier buckrams, from buck + ramps, ramsh (“wild garlic, ramson”). Compare Danish ramsløg (“ramson”), Swedish ramslök (“bear garlic, ramson”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buckrams",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "buckram (plural buckrams)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ramp"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A plant, Allium ursinum, also called ramson, wild garlic, or bear garlic."
],
"links": [
[
"Allium ursinum",
"Allium ursinum#Translingual"
],
[
"ramson",
"ramson"
],
[
"wild garlic",
"wild garlic"
],
[
"bear garlic",
"bear garlic"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌkɹəm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "buckrams"
}
],
"word": "buckram"
}
Download raw JSONL data for buckram meaning in All languages combined (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.