See biga in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/dwi-#Proto-Italic:_bi-"
],
[
"bi-",
"bi-#Latin"
],
[
"iuga",
"iuga#Latin"
],
[
"bīga",
"biga#Latin"
],
[
"bīga",
"biga#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:bīga",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Italic *dwi-\nLatin bi-\nLatin iuga\nLatin bīgabor.\nEnglish biga\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bi-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"bi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"iuga\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"bīga\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"biga\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"biga\">\nBorrowed from Latin bīga.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Italic *dwi-\nLatin bi-\nLatin iuga\nLatin bīgabor.\nEnglish biga\nBorrowed from Latin bīga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bigas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "bigae"
},
"expansion": "biga (plural bigas or bigae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 5 21 17 7 13 18 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 29 13 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 5 22 18 7 13 16 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 0 48",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ancient Rome",
"orig": "en:Ancient Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Two",
"orig": "en:Two",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"ref": "1914, Ernest Bramah, Max Carrados:",
"text": "\"A biga or quadriga of mules?\" suggested Carrados. \"An eagle carrying off a hare, a figure flying with a wreath, a trophy of arms? Some of those perhaps?\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Roman racing chariot drawn by two horses abreast."
],
"id": "en-biga-en-noun-5J4CSGp4",
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A Roman racing chariot drawn by two horses abreast."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "quadriga"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biga"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbaɪ.ɡə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbiː.ɡə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪɡə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːɡə"
}
],
"word": "biga"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"biga",
"biga#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:biga",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"biga\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"biga\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"biga\">\nBorrowed from Italian biga.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian biga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bigas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "biga (plural bigas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A stiff, yeast-based preferment."
],
"id": "en-biga-en-noun-weslmG0q",
"links": [
[
"preferment",
"preferment#English:_pre-ferment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 13 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 14 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 15 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 7 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 5 21 17 7 13 18 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 5 22 18 7 13 16 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 0 48",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ancient Rome",
"orig": "en:Ancient Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 7 57",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Vehicles",
"orig": "en:Vehicles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Wayne Gisslen, “Lean Yeast Doughs” (chapter 8), in Professional Baking, 7th edition, page 158:",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any yeast starter."
],
"id": "en-biga-en-noun-1L033qiS",
"links": [
[
"starter",
"starter#English:_yeast_culture_or_medium_containing_one"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Any yeast starter."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"word": "biga"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/aɪɡə",
"Rhymes:English/aɪɡə/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/iːɡə",
"Rhymes:English/iːɡə/2 syllables",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss",
"en:Ancient Rome",
"en:Two",
"en:Vehicles"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/dwi-#Proto-Italic:_bi-"
],
[
"bi-",
"bi-#Latin"
],
[
"iuga",
"iuga#Latin"
],
[
"bīga",
"biga#Latin"
],
[
"bīga",
"biga#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:bīga",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Italic *dwi-\nLatin bi-\nLatin iuga\nLatin bīgabor.\nEnglish biga\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bi-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"bi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"iuga\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"bīga\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"biga\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"biga\">\nBorrowed from Latin bīga.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Italic *dwi-\nLatin bi-\nLatin iuga\nLatin bīgabor.\nEnglish biga\nBorrowed from Latin bīga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bigas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "bigae"
},
"expansion": "biga (plural bigas or bigae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "quadriga"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"ref": "1914, Ernest Bramah, Max Carrados:",
"text": "\"A biga or quadriga of mules?\" suggested Carrados. \"An eagle carrying off a hare, a figure flying with a wreath, a trophy of arms? Some of those perhaps?\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Roman racing chariot drawn by two horses abreast."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A Roman racing chariot drawn by two horses abreast."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbaɪ.ɡə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbiː.ɡə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪɡə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːɡə"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biga"
}
],
"word": "biga"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"en:Ancient Rome",
"en:Two",
"en:Vehicles"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"biga",
"biga#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:biga",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"biga\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"biga\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"biga\">\nBorrowed from Italian biga.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian biga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bigas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "biga (plural bigas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A stiff, yeast-based preferment."
],
"links": [
[
"preferment",
"preferment#English:_pre-ferment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Wayne Gisslen, “Lean Yeast Doughs” (chapter 8), in Professional Baking, 7th edition, page 158:",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any yeast starter."
],
"links": [
[
"starter",
"starter#English:_yeast_culture_or_medium_containing_one"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Any yeast starter."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"word": "biga"
}
Download raw JSONL data for biga meaning in English (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.