"bibliography" meaning in English

See bibliography in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /bɪbliɒɡɹəfi/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav [Southern-England] Forms: bibliographies [plural]
Rhymes: -ɒɡɹəfi Etymology: From Ancient Greek βιβλιογραφία (bibliographía, “the act or habit of writing books”), from βιβλιογράφος (bibliográphos, “a writer of books”), from βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”) + γράφω (gráphō, “I write”). Etymology templates: {{uder|en|grc|βιβλιογραφία||the act or habit of writing books}} Ancient Greek βιβλιογραφία (bibliographía, “the act or habit of writing books”), {{m|grc|βιβλιογράφος||a writer of books}} βιβλιογράφος (bibliográphos, “a writer of books”), {{m|grc|βιβλίον||small book}} βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”), {{m|grc|γράφω||I write}} γράφω (gráphō, “I write”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} bibliography (plural bibliographies)
  1. A section of a written work containing citations, not quotations, to all the books referred to in the work. Categories (topical): Bibliography, Writing Translations (section of a written work): մատենագիտություն (matenagitutʻyun) (Armenian), գրականություն (grakanutʻyun) (Armenian), բիբլիոգրաֆիա (bibliografia) (Armenian), bibliografia [feminine] (Catalan), 文獻目錄 (Chinese Mandarin), 文献目录 (wénxiàn mùlù) (Chinese Mandarin), literatura [feminine] (Czech), bibliografi [common-gender] (Danish), bibliografio (Esperanto), bókmentaskrá [feminine] (Faroese), lähdeluettelo (Finnish), bibliographie [feminine] (French), ბიბლიოგრაფია (bibliograpia) (Georgian), Bibliographie [feminine] (German), βιβλιογραφία (vivliografía) [feminine] (Greek), bibliográfia (Hungarian), könyvészet (Hungarian), bibliografio (Ido), leabharliosta [masculine] (Irish), bibliografia [feminine] (Italian), 参考文献 (sankōbunken) (Japanese), 文献目録 (bunkenmokuroku) (Japanese), библиогра́фија (bibliográfija) [feminine] (Macedonian), bibliografia [feminine] (Polish), bibliografia [feminine] (Portuguese), библиогра́фия (bibliográfija) [feminine] (Russian), bibliografía [feminine] (Spanish), källförteckning [common-gender] (Swedish), talaaklatan (Tagalog), bibliyografya (Turkish), bibliografiya (Uzbek)
    Sense id: en-bibliography-en-noun-OWesqrFu Disambiguation of Bibliography: 30 37 33 Disambiguation of Writing: 27 40 33 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, English undefined derivations, Pages with raw sortkeys Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 19 44 37 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 23 41 36 Disambiguation of English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 24 37 39 Disambiguation of English undefined derivations: 25 39 36 Disambiguation of Pages with raw sortkeys: 26 36 38 Disambiguation of 'section of a written work': 94 2 4
  2. A list of books or documents relevant to a particular subject or author. Categories (topical): Bibliography, Writing Translations (list of books or documents): մատենագիտություն (matenagitutʻyun) (Armenian), բիբլիոգրաֆիա (bibliografia) (Armenian), bibliografia [feminine] (Catalan), 文獻目錄 (Chinese Mandarin), 文献目录 (wénxiàn mùlù) (Chinese Mandarin), kitabiyat (Crimean Tatar), bibliografio (Esperanto), julkaisuluettelo (Finnish), kirjallisuusluettelo (Finnish), bibliografia (Finnish), bibliographie [feminine] (French), ბიბლიოგრაფია (bibliograpia) (Georgian), βιβλιογραφία (vivliografía) [feminine] (Greek), irodalom (Hungarian), könyvészet (Hungarian), bibliografio (Ido), bibliografi (Indonesian), leabharliosta [masculine] (Irish), 書誌 (shoshi) (Japanese), библиогра́фија (bibliográfija) [feminine] (Macedonian), rārangi pukapuka (Maori), rārangi tuhinga (Maori), bibliografia [feminine] (Polish), bibliografia [feminine] (Portuguese), библиогра́фия (bibliográfija) [feminine] (Russian), bibliografía [feminine] (Spanish), bibliografi [common-gender] (Swedish), talaaklatan (Tagalog)
    Sense id: en-bibliography-en-noun-ydSbsNHf Disambiguation of Bibliography: 30 37 33 Disambiguation of Writing: 27 40 33 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English entries with topic categories using raw markup, English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, English undefined derivations, Pages with raw sortkeys Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 19 44 37 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 23 41 36 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 23 44 33 Disambiguation of English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 24 37 39 Disambiguation of English undefined derivations: 25 39 36 Disambiguation of Pages with raw sortkeys: 26 36 38 Disambiguation of 'list of books or documents': 11 71 18
  3. The study of the history of books in terms of their classification, printing and publication. Categories (topical): Bibliography, Writing Translations (study of the history of books): 目錄學 (Chinese Mandarin), 目录学 (mùlùxué) (Chinese Mandarin), bibliografia (Finnish), habbo (French), βιβλιολογία (vivliología) (Greek), bibliográfia (Hungarian), könyvtudomány (Hungarian), könyvészet (Hungarian), bibleagrafaíocht [feminine] (Irish), leabhareolaíocht [feminine] (Irish), 書誌学 (shoshigaku) (Japanese), 目録学 (mokurokugaku) (Japanese), библиогра́фија (bibliográfija) [feminine] (Macedonian), bibliografia (Polish), bibliografia [feminine] (Portuguese), библиогра́фия (bibliográfija) [feminine] (Russian), bibliografía [feminine] (Spanish), bibliografi [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-bibliography-en-noun-BOPrFh9z Disambiguation of Bibliography: 30 37 33 Disambiguation of Writing: 27 40 33 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms prefixed with biblio-, English terms suffixed with -graphy, English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, English undefined derivations, Pages with raw sortkeys Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 19 44 37 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 23 41 36 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with biblio-: 15 22 63 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -graphy: 23 31 46 Disambiguation of English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 24 37 39 Disambiguation of English undefined derivations: 25 39 36 Disambiguation of Pages with raw sortkeys: 26 36 38 Disambiguation of 'study of the history of books': 13 21 65
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: annotated bibliography, autobibliography, bibliographer, bibliographic, bio-bibliography Related terms: bibliology, reference list

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for bibliography meaning in English (18.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "annotated bibliography"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "autobibliography"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bibliographer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bibliographic"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bio-bibliography"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "βιβλιογραφία",
        "4": "",
        "5": "the act or habit of writing books"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek βιβλιογραφία (bibliographía, “the act or habit of writing books”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "βιβλιογράφος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a writer of books"
      },
      "expansion": "βιβλιογράφος (bibliográphos, “a writer of books”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "βιβλίον",
        "3": "",
        "4": "small book"
      },
      "expansion": "βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γράφω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I write"
      },
      "expansion": "γράφω (gráphō, “I write”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek βιβλιογραφία (bibliographía, “the act or habit of writing books”), from βιβλιογράφος (bibliográphos, “a writer of books”), from βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”) + γράφω (gráphō, “I write”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bibliographies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bibliography (plural bibliographies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bibliology"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "reference list"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 44 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 37 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 39 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 36 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 37 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bibliography",
          "orig": "en:Bibliography",
          "parents": [
            "Books",
            "Literature",
            "Mass media",
            "Culture",
            "Entertainment",
            "Writing",
            "Media",
            "Society",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 40 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Writing",
          "orig": "en:Writing",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A section of a written work containing citations, not quotations, to all the books referred to in the work."
      ],
      "id": "en-bibliography-en-noun-OWesqrFu",
      "links": [
        [
          "citation",
          "citation"
        ],
        [
          "quotation",
          "quotation"
        ],
        [
          "referred to",
          "referred to"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "matenagitutʻyun",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "մատենագիտություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "grakanutʻyun",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "գրականություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "bibliografia",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "բիբլիոգրաֆիա"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "文獻目錄"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "wénxiàn mùlù",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "文献目录"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "literatura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "bibliografio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bókmentaskrá"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "lähdeluettelo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliographie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "bibliograpia",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "ბიბლიოგრაფია"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Bibliographie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "vivliografía",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "βιβλιογραφία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "bibliográfia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "könyvészet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "bibliografio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "leabharliosta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "sankōbunken",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "参考文献"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "bunkenmokuroku",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "文献目録"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "bibliográfija",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "библиогра́фија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "bibliográfija",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "библиогра́фия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "källförteckning"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "talaaklatan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "bibliyografya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 2 4",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "section of a written work",
          "word": "bibliografiya"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 44 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 44 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 37 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 39 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 36 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 37 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bibliography",
          "orig": "en:Bibliography",
          "parents": [
            "Books",
            "Literature",
            "Mass media",
            "Culture",
            "Entertainment",
            "Writing",
            "Media",
            "Society",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 40 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Writing",
          "orig": "en:Writing",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A list of books or documents relevant to a particular subject or author."
      ],
      "id": "en-bibliography-en-noun-ydSbsNHf",
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "matenagitutʻyun",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "մատենագիտություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "bibliografia",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "բիբլիոգրաֆիա"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "文獻目錄"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "wénxiàn mùlù",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "文献目录"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "crh",
          "lang": "Crimean Tatar",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "kitabiyat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "bibliografio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "julkaisuluettelo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "kirjallisuusluettelo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliographie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "bibliograpia",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "ბიბლიოგრაფია"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "vivliografía",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "βιβλιογραφία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "irodalom"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "könyvészet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "bibliografio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "bibliografi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "leabharliosta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shoshi",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "書誌"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "bibliográfija",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "библиогра́фија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "rārangi pukapuka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "rārangi tuhinga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "bibliográfija",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "библиогра́фия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 71 18",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "list of books or documents",
          "word": "talaaklatan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 44 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 22 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with biblio-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 31 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -graphy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 37 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 39 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 36 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 37 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bibliography",
          "orig": "en:Bibliography",
          "parents": [
            "Books",
            "Literature",
            "Mass media",
            "Culture",
            "Entertainment",
            "Writing",
            "Media",
            "Society",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 40 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Writing",
          "orig": "en:Writing",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The study of the history of books in terms of their classification, printing and publication."
      ],
      "id": "en-bibliography-en-noun-BOPrFh9z",
      "links": [
        [
          "history",
          "history"
        ],
        [
          "classification",
          "classification"
        ],
        [
          "printing",
          "printing"
        ],
        [
          "publication",
          "publication"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "目錄學"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "mùlùxué",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "目录学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "habbo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "vivliología",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "βιβλιολογία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "bibliográfia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "könyvtudomány"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "könyvészet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibleagrafaíocht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "leabhareolaíocht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shoshigaku",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "書誌学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "mokurokugaku",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "目録学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "bibliográfija",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "библиогра́фија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "bibliográfija",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "библиогра́фия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografía"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "13 21 65",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "study of the history of books",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "bibliografi"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪbliɒɡɹəfi/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒɡɹəfi"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "bibliography"
  ],
  "word": "bibliography"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 5-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms prefixed with biblio-",
    "English terms suffixed with -graphy",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "English undefined derivations",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒɡɹəfi",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒɡɹəfi/5 syllables",
    "en:Bibliography",
    "en:Writing"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "annotated bibliography"
    },
    {
      "word": "autobibliography"
    },
    {
      "word": "bibliographer"
    },
    {
      "word": "bibliographic"
    },
    {
      "word": "bio-bibliography"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "βιβλιογραφία",
        "4": "",
        "5": "the act or habit of writing books"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek βιβλιογραφία (bibliographía, “the act or habit of writing books”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "βιβλιογράφος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a writer of books"
      },
      "expansion": "βιβλιογράφος (bibliográphos, “a writer of books”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "βιβλίον",
        "3": "",
        "4": "small book"
      },
      "expansion": "βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γράφω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I write"
      },
      "expansion": "γράφω (gráphō, “I write”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek βιβλιογραφία (bibliographía, “the act or habit of writing books”), from βιβλιογράφος (bibliográphos, “a writer of books”), from βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”) + γράφω (gráphō, “I write”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bibliographies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bibliography (plural bibliographies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "bibliology"
    },
    {
      "word": "reference list"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A section of a written work containing citations, not quotations, to all the books referred to in the work."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "citation",
          "citation"
        ],
        [
          "quotation",
          "quotation"
        ],
        [
          "referred to",
          "referred to"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A list of books or documents relevant to a particular subject or author."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The study of the history of books in terms of their classification, printing and publication."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "history",
          "history"
        ],
        [
          "classification",
          "classification"
        ],
        [
          "printing",
          "printing"
        ],
        [
          "publication",
          "publication"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪbliɒɡɹəfi/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒɡɹəfi"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bibliography.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "matenagitutʻyun",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "մատենագիտություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "grakanutʻyun",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "գրականություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "bibliografia",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "բիբլիոգրաֆիա"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "文獻目錄"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "wénxiàn mùlù",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "文献目录"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "literatura"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografi"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "bibliografio"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bókmentaskrá"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "lähdeluettelo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliographie"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "bibliograpia",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "ბიბლიოგრაფია"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Bibliographie"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "vivliografía",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "βιβλιογραφία"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "bibliográfia"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "könyvészet"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "bibliografio"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "leabharliosta"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "sankōbunken",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "参考文献"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "bunkenmokuroku",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "文献目録"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "bibliográfija",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "библиогра́фија"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "bibliográfija",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "библиогра́фия"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografía"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "källförteckning"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "talaaklatan"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "bibliyografya"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "section of a written work",
      "word": "bibliografiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "matenagitutʻyun",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "մատենագիտություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "bibliografia",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "բիբլիոգրաֆիա"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "文獻目錄"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "wénxiàn mùlù",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "文献目录"
    },
    {
      "code": "crh",
      "lang": "Crimean Tatar",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "kitabiyat"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "bibliografio"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "julkaisuluettelo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "kirjallisuusluettelo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliographie"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "bibliograpia",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "ბიბლიოგრაფია"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "vivliografía",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "βιβλιογραφία"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "irodalom"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "könyvészet"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "bibliografio"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "bibliografi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "leabharliosta"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shoshi",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "書誌"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "bibliográfija",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "библиогра́фија"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "rārangi pukapuka"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "rārangi tuhinga"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "bibliográfija",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "библиогра́фия"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografía"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "list of books or documents",
      "word": "talaaklatan"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "目錄學"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "mùlùxué",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "目录学"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "habbo"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "vivliología",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "βιβλιολογία"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "bibliográfia"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "könyvtudomány"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "könyvészet"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibleagrafaíocht"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "leabhareolaíocht"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shoshigaku",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "書誌学"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "mokurokugaku",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "目録学"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "bibliográfija",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "библиогра́фија"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "bibliográfija",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "библиогра́фия"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografía"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "study of the history of books",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "bibliografi"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "bibliography"
  ],
  "word": "bibliography"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.