See Xinjiang in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"2": "new territory, new frontier"
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"expansion": "疆 (jiāng, “territory, border, frontier”)",
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"etymology_text": "From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 新疆 (Xīnjiāng, “new territory, new frontier”), from 新 (xīn, “new”) + 疆 (jiāng, “territory, border, frontier”).",
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{
"_dis": "72 28",
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"name": "Autonomous regions of China",
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Xinjiangese"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1975, “The National Minority Languages of China”, in Winfred P. Lehmann, editor, Language and Linguistics in the People's Republic of China, University of Texas Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 114:",
"text": "In the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, only local languages are used as a medium of instruction in the elementary and middle schools. In the same region, the law provides that both Chinese and Uighur must be used in all public documents.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1981, “Pakistan”, in The Far East and Australasia 1981-82, 13th edition, Europa Publications, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 986, column 1:",
"text": "In mid-1978 the 800-km. Karakoram highway was opened, linking Xinjiang province in the People’s Republic of China with Havelian, north of Islamabad, after being under construction for 20 years.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Laura Zhou, “Marco Rubio urges US Congress to pass Uygur bill to counter China’s crackdown in Xinjiang”, in South China Morning Post:",
"text": "Since early 2017, the Chinese government has reportedly detained some 1 million Uygurs and other largely Muslim ethnic minorities in mass internment camps in Xinjiang, where inmates are subjected to political indoctrination. Beijing claims the facilities are “vocational training centres” and says they are a legitimate response to the threat of religious extremism.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 June 13, President Joe Biden, 0:00 from the start, in Biden says G7 leaders agreed to call out China over human rights abuses in Xinjiang and Hong Kong, South China Morning Post:",
"text": "G7 explicitly agreed to call out human rights abuses in Xinjiang and in Hong Kong- explicitly. Two, to coordinate a common strategy to deal with China non-market policies that undermine competition- we've agreed and that's underway now how to do that. Three, to take serious actions against forced labor in solar, agriculture and the garment industries, because that's where it's happening- and they've agreed we will do that.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 May 6, Li Yuan, “Has Shanghai Been Xinjianged?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "Xinjiang was the dark China. The western frontier region, which is twice the size of Texas, is home to more than 10 million Muslim ethnic minorities who have been subject to mass detentions, religious repression and intrusive digital and physical surveillance.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 December 25, “China: 18 miners trapped after gold mine collapse”, in DW News, archived from the original on 2022-12-25, Nature and Environment:",
"text": "Eighteen people remain trapped in a gold mine after it caved in China's northwestern province of Xinjiang.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An Uyghur autonomous region in China, located in the sparsely populated northwest. Official name: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Capital: Ürümqi."
],
"id": "en-Xinjiang-en-name-NNiFj7cy",
"links": [
[
"Uyghur",
"Uyghur"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
],
[
"populated",
"populated"
],
[
"northwest",
"northwest"
],
[
"Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region",
"w:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"
],
[
"Ürümqi",
"Ürümqi#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Ürümqi"
},
{
"word": "Wulumuqi"
},
{
"word": "Urumchi"
},
{
"word": "Uyghur"
},
{
"word": "Altishahr"
},
{
"english": "claimed",
"sense": "Provinces",
"word": "Anhui · Fujian · Guangdong · Gansu · Guizhou · Henan · Hubei · Hebei · Hainan · Heilongjiang · Hunan · Jilin · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Liaoning · Qinghai · Sichuan · Shandong · Shaanxi · Shanxi · Taiwan · Yunnan · Zhejiang"
},
{
"sense": "Autonomous regions",
"word": "Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang"
},
{
"sense": "Municipalities",
"word": "Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing"
},
{
"sense": "Special administrative regions",
"word": "Hong Kong · Macau"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "can variously refer to Xinjiang as a whole or to portions of Xinjiang",
"word": "Chinese Turkestan"
},
{
"word": "East Turkestan"
},
{
"word": "East Turkistan"
},
{
"word": "Little Bokhara"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "XUAR"
},
{
"word": "Hsin-chiang"
},
{
"alt": "Wade–Giles",
"word": "Hsinchiang"
},
{
"word": "Hsin-kiang"
},
{
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"word": "Xingjiang"
},
{
"tags": [
"misspelling"
],
"word": "Singkiang"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šinjyang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِينْجْيَانْغ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šinjyanḡ",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِينْجْيَانْغ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "Sincian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Սինծիան"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sintszyan"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "Sinʹczján",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Сіньцзя́н"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "Sindzján",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Синдзя́н"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "san¹ goeng¹",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "cdo",
"lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
"roman": "Sĭng-giŏng",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "Sîn-kiông",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Xīnjiāng",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sin-ťiang"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Ŝjinĝjiango"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sinʒiani",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "სინძიანი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Sintsiángk",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Σιντσιάνγκ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śiñjiyāṅg",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "शिंजियांग"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śinacyāṅg",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "शिनच्यांग"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Ujgúria"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Hszincsiang"
},
{
"alt": "しんきょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Shinkyō",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "Şynjañ",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шынжаң"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Sinjang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "신장"
},
{
"alt": "新疆",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sin'gang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "신강"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "Şinjaŋ",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинжаң"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Siņdzjana"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sindziangas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Šjindžjiang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Шјинџјианг"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "ice jecen",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "ᡳᠴᡝ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "Šinžaan",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинжаан"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "Šinʹžjan",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шиньжян"
},
{
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "šinžang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "шинжанг"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sin-kiyâng",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "سینکیانگ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sinquião"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Sinʹczján",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Синьцзя́н"
},
{
"code": "srh",
"lang": "Sarikoli",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "šinjun"
},
{
"code": "srh",
"lang": "Sarikoli",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "шинҷон"
},
{
"code": "sgh",
"lang": "Shughni",
"roman": "šinǰōn",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "шинҷон"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "Šinjon",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинҷон"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "Šinjong",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинҷонг"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sin-jiiang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "ซินเจียง"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "shin cang",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "ཤིན་ཅང"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sincan"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Hinjiýan"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "Sinʹczján",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Сіньцзя́н"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "shinjang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "شىنجاڭ"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Shinjong"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sinszyan"
},
{
"alt": "新疆",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Tân Cương"
},
{
"code": "sjo",
"lang": "Xibe",
"roman": "sinjiyang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "ᠰᡞ᠌ᠨ᠋ᡪᡞ᠌ᠶᠠᡢ"
},
{
"code": "yai",
"lang": "Yagnobi",
"roman": "Šinjong",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинҷонг"
},
{
"code": "yai",
"lang": "Yagnobi",
"roman": "Šinjon",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинҷон"
},
{
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sinhgyangh"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪnˈd͡ʒ(j)ɑŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃin-/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈd͡ʒ(j)æŋ/"
},
{
"enpr": "sĭnʹkyăngʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "shĭnʹj(y)ängʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "shĭnʹj(ē-)ängʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "shĭnʹj(y)ăngʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "shĭnʹj(ē-)ăngʹ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Xinjiang"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Xinjiang County"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn-pinyin",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "新絳"
},
"expansion": "新絳／新绛 (Xīnjiàng)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 新絳／新绛 (Xīnjiàng).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Xinjiang",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Counties of China",
"orig": "en:Counties of China",
"parents": [
"Counties",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in China",
"orig": "en:Places in China",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Shanxi",
"orig": "en:Places in Shanxi",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010 September 3, He Jianwei, “Beats of the land: Artist's persistence saves ethnic heritage”, in Beijing Today, number 482, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 12–13, columns 3-1:",
"text": "Drumming in Shanxi Province can be dated back centuries earlier to Xinjiang County, the ancient name of Jiangzhou, in present-day Shanxi Province.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Guoguang Wu, Helen Lansdowne, China's Transition from Communism - New Perspectives, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC:",
"text": "In September 2009, Xinjiang County in Yuncheng Municipality, Shanxi Province started to put village administrative information online for farmers to access.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Ying Jia Tan, “Waging Electrical Warfare”, in Recharging China in War and Revolution, 1882-1955, Cornell University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 150:",
"text": "About a month after surviving the power blockade in Harbin, the PLA entered Shuo County in Shanxi Province only to learn that the former warlord Yan Xishan had ordered the destruction of the county seat’s power station. According to the Xinhua News Agency, it took twenty-seven days to repair the damage, and after which “the bright lights of 15,500 lamps celebrated the return of brightness.⁵² The same thing happened after the Communist capture of Xinjiang County in southern Shanxi and Cang County in southern Hebei in July 1946.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A county of Yuncheng, Shanxi, China."
],
"id": "en-Xinjiang-en-name-OOz9UMlj",
"links": [
[
"Yuncheng",
"Yuncheng#English"
],
[
"Shanxi",
"Shanxi#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "county",
"word": "新絳"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Xīnjiàng",
"sense": "county",
"word": "新绛"
}
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Defense Mapping Agency",
"Xinjiang"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Eastern Min terms with redundant transliterations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hanyu Pinyin",
"English terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"English terms derived from Hanyu Pinyin",
"English terms derived from Mandarin",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Eastern Min translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hakka translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Ossetian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sarikoli translations",
"Terms with Shughni translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Xibe translations",
"Terms with Yagnobi translations",
"Terms with Zhuang translations",
"en:Autonomous regions of China"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Xinjiangese"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn-pinyin",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "新疆",
"2": "new territory, new frontier"
},
"expansion": "新疆 (Xīnjiāng, “new territory, new frontier”)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "新",
"2": "new"
},
"expansion": "新 (xīn, “new”)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "疆",
"2": "territory, border, frontier"
},
"expansion": "疆 (jiāng, “territory, border, frontier”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 新疆 (Xīnjiāng, “new territory, new frontier”), from 新 (xīn, “new”) + 疆 (jiāng, “territory, border, frontier”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Xinjiang",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Ürümqi"
},
{
"word": "Wulumuqi"
},
{
"word": "Urumchi"
},
{
"word": "Uyghur"
},
{
"word": "Altishahr"
},
{
"english": "claimed",
"sense": "Provinces",
"word": "Anhui · Fujian · Guangdong · Gansu · Guizhou · Henan · Hubei · Hebei · Hainan · Heilongjiang · Hunan · Jilin · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Liaoning · Qinghai · Sichuan · Shandong · Shaanxi · Shanxi · Taiwan · Yunnan · Zhejiang"
},
{
"sense": "Autonomous regions",
"word": "Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang"
},
{
"sense": "Municipalities",
"word": "Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing"
},
{
"sense": "Special administrative regions",
"word": "Hong Kong · Macau"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Places in China"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1975, “The National Minority Languages of China”, in Winfred P. Lehmann, editor, Language and Linguistics in the People's Republic of China, University of Texas Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 114:",
"text": "In the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, only local languages are used as a medium of instruction in the elementary and middle schools. In the same region, the law provides that both Chinese and Uighur must be used in all public documents.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1981, “Pakistan”, in The Far East and Australasia 1981-82, 13th edition, Europa Publications, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 986, column 1:",
"text": "In mid-1978 the 800-km. Karakoram highway was opened, linking Xinjiang province in the People’s Republic of China with Havelian, north of Islamabad, after being under construction for 20 years.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Laura Zhou, “Marco Rubio urges US Congress to pass Uygur bill to counter China’s crackdown in Xinjiang”, in South China Morning Post:",
"text": "Since early 2017, the Chinese government has reportedly detained some 1 million Uygurs and other largely Muslim ethnic minorities in mass internment camps in Xinjiang, where inmates are subjected to political indoctrination. Beijing claims the facilities are “vocational training centres” and says they are a legitimate response to the threat of religious extremism.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 June 13, President Joe Biden, 0:00 from the start, in Biden says G7 leaders agreed to call out China over human rights abuses in Xinjiang and Hong Kong, South China Morning Post:",
"text": "G7 explicitly agreed to call out human rights abuses in Xinjiang and in Hong Kong- explicitly. Two, to coordinate a common strategy to deal with China non-market policies that undermine competition- we've agreed and that's underway now how to do that. Three, to take serious actions against forced labor in solar, agriculture and the garment industries, because that's where it's happening- and they've agreed we will do that.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 May 6, Li Yuan, “Has Shanghai Been Xinjianged?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "Xinjiang was the dark China. The western frontier region, which is twice the size of Texas, is home to more than 10 million Muslim ethnic minorities who have been subject to mass detentions, religious repression and intrusive digital and physical surveillance.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 December 25, “China: 18 miners trapped after gold mine collapse”, in DW News, archived from the original on 2022-12-25, Nature and Environment:",
"text": "Eighteen people remain trapped in a gold mine after it caved in China's northwestern province of Xinjiang.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An Uyghur autonomous region in China, located in the sparsely populated northwest. Official name: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Capital: Ürümqi."
],
"links": [
[
"Uyghur",
"Uyghur"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
],
[
"populated",
"populated"
],
[
"northwest",
"northwest"
],
[
"Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region",
"w:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"
],
[
"Ürümqi",
"Ürümqi#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪnˈd͡ʒ(j)ɑŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃin-/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈd͡ʒ(j)æŋ/"
},
{
"enpr": "sĭnʹkyăngʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "shĭnʹj(y)ängʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "shĭnʹj(ē-)ängʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "shĭnʹj(y)ăngʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "shĭnʹj(ē-)ăngʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "can variously refer to Xinjiang as a whole or to portions of Xinjiang",
"word": "Chinese Turkestan"
},
{
"word": "East Turkestan"
},
{
"word": "East Turkistan"
},
{
"word": "Little Bokhara"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "XUAR"
},
{
"word": "Hsin-chiang"
},
{
"alt": "Wade–Giles",
"word": "Hsinchiang"
},
{
"word": "Hsin-kiang"
},
{
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"word": "Xingjiang"
},
{
"tags": [
"misspelling"
],
"word": "Singkiang"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šinjyang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِينْجْيَانْغ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šinjyanḡ",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِينْجْيَانْغ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "Sincian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Սինծիան"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sintszyan"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "Sinʹczján",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Сіньцзя́н"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "Sindzján",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Синдзя́н"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "san¹ goeng¹",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "cdo",
"lang": "Eastern Min Chinese",
"roman": "Sĭng-giŏng",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "Sîn-kiông",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Xīnjiāng",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sin-ťiang"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Ŝjinĝjiango"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sinʒiani",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "სინძიანი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Sintsiángk",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Σιντσιάνγκ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śiñjiyāṅg",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "शिंजियांग"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śinacyāṅg",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "शिनच्यांग"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Ujgúria"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Hszincsiang"
},
{
"alt": "しんきょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Shinkyō",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "新疆"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "Şynjañ",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шынжаң"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Sinjang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "신장"
},
{
"alt": "新疆",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sin'gang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "신강"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "Şinjaŋ",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинжаң"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Siņdzjana"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sindziangas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Šjindžjiang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Шјинџјианг"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "ice jecen",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "ᡳᠴᡝ ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "Šinžaan",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинжаан"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "Šinʹžjan",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шиньжян"
},
{
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "šinžang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "шинжанг"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sin-kiyâng",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "سینکیانگ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sinquião"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Sinʹczján",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Синьцзя́н"
},
{
"code": "srh",
"lang": "Sarikoli",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "šinjun"
},
{
"code": "srh",
"lang": "Sarikoli",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "шинҷон"
},
{
"code": "sgh",
"lang": "Shughni",
"roman": "šinǰōn",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "шинҷон"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Sinkiang"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "Šinjon",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинҷон"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "Šinjong",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинҷонг"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sin-jiiang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "ซินเจียง"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "shin cang",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "ཤིན་ཅང"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sincan"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Hinjiýan"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "Sinʹczján",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Сіньцзя́н"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "shinjang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "شىنجاڭ"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Shinjong"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sinszyan"
},
{
"alt": "新疆",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Tân Cương"
},
{
"code": "sjo",
"lang": "Xibe",
"roman": "sinjiyang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "ᠰᡞ᠌ᠨ᠋ᡪᡞ᠌ᠶᠠᡢ"
},
{
"code": "yai",
"lang": "Yagnobi",
"roman": "Šinjong",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинҷонг"
},
{
"code": "yai",
"lang": "Yagnobi",
"roman": "Šinjon",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Шинҷон"
},
{
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "Uyghur autonomous region of China",
"word": "Sinhgyangh"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Xinjiang"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hanyu Pinyin",
"English terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"English terms derived from Hanyu Pinyin",
"English terms derived from Mandarin",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"en:Autonomous regions of China"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Xinjiang County"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn-pinyin",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "新絳"
},
"expansion": "新絳／新绛 (Xīnjiàng)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 新絳／新绛 (Xīnjiàng).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Xinjiang",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Counties of China",
"en:Places in China",
"en:Places in Shanxi"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010 September 3, He Jianwei, “Beats of the land: Artist's persistence saves ethnic heritage”, in Beijing Today, number 482, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 12–13, columns 3-1:",
"text": "Drumming in Shanxi Province can be dated back centuries earlier to Xinjiang County, the ancient name of Jiangzhou, in present-day Shanxi Province.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Guoguang Wu, Helen Lansdowne, China's Transition from Communism - New Perspectives, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC:",
"text": "In September 2009, Xinjiang County in Yuncheng Municipality, Shanxi Province started to put village administrative information online for farmers to access.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Ying Jia Tan, “Waging Electrical Warfare”, in Recharging China in War and Revolution, 1882-1955, Cornell University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 150:",
"text": "About a month after surviving the power blockade in Harbin, the PLA entered Shuo County in Shanxi Province only to learn that the former warlord Yan Xishan had ordered the destruction of the county seat’s power station. According to the Xinhua News Agency, it took twenty-seven days to repair the damage, and after which “the bright lights of 15,500 lamps celebrated the return of brightness.⁵² The same thing happened after the Communist capture of Xinjiang County in southern Shanxi and Cang County in southern Hebei in July 1946.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A county of Yuncheng, Shanxi, China."
],
"links": [
[
"Yuncheng",
"Yuncheng#English"
],
[
"Shanxi",
"Shanxi#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "county",
"word": "新絳"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Xīnjiàng",
"sense": "county",
"word": "新绛"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Defense Mapping Agency",
"Xinjiang"
],
"word": "Xinjiang"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Xinjiang meaning in English (18.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.