"Tula" meaning in English

See Tula in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

Etymology: From Spanish Tula, from Classical Nahuatl Tōllān (“place of bulrushes”), from tōllin (“bulrush”) + -tlān. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|es|Tula}} Spanish Tula, {{der|en|nci|Tōllān||place of bulrushes}} Classical Nahuatl Tōllān (“place of bulrushes”) Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Tula
  1. A city in Hidalgo, Mexico, near the remains of the Toltec city Tollan. Categories (place): Cities in Hidalgo, Cities in Mexico, Places in Hidalgo, Places in Mexico Related terms: Tollan Translations (town in Mexico): Tollan (Classical Nahuatl), Tula (Danish), Tula (German), Тула (Tula) [feminine] (Macedonian), तुला (tulā) (Marathi), Tula [feminine] (Portuguese), Tula de Allende (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-Tula-en-name-Pxzspct0 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Marathi translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Thai translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 68 31 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 64 24 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 65 23 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 71 21 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 71 21 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 79 19 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 73 20 7 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 82 17 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 65 29 6 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 79 17 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 83 16 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 69 20 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 65 24 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 80 19 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 64 24 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 72 21 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 73 21 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 72 21 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 73 21 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 69 21 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 76 23 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 65 23 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Thai translations: 72 21 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 68 21 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Proper name

Etymology: From Russian Ту́ла (Túla). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|ru|Ту́ла}} Russian Ту́ла (Túla) Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Tula
  1. A city, the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia, 165 km south of Moscow. Categories (place): Cities in Russia, Cities in Tula Oblast, Places in Russia, Places in Tula Oblast Derived forms: Tula metal, Tula work Translations (city): تُولَا (tūlā) [feminine] (Arabic), Տուլա (Tula) (Armenian), Ту́ла (Túla) [feminine] (Belarusian), Ту́ла (Túla) [feminine] (Bulgarian), 圖拉 (Chinese Mandarin), 图拉 (Túlā) (Chinese Mandarin), Toela (Dutch), Tula (Finnish), Toula [feminine] (French), ტულა (ṭula) (Georgian), Tula (German), Τούλα (Toúla) [feminine] (Greek), טולה (Hebrew), तुला (tulā) (Hindi), トゥーラ (Tūra) (Japanese), 툴라 (tulla) (Korean), Тула (Tula) [feminine] (Macedonian), تولا (Persian), Tuła [feminine] (Polish), Tula [feminine] (Portuguese), Ту́ла (Túla) [feminine] (Russian), Тула [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), Tula [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), ตูลา (dtoolaa) (Thai), Ту́ла (Túla) [feminine] (Ukrainian) Translations (oblast): Tulan alue (Finnish), Tula [feminine] (German), Тулска област (english: Tulska oblast) [feminine] (Macedonian), Ту́льская о́бласть (Túlʹskaja óblastʹ) [feminine] (Russian)
    Sense id: en-Tula-en-name-gycE4Dnm Disambiguation of 'city': 100 0 Disambiguation of 'oblast': 57 43
  2. An oblast in western Russia. Categories (place): Oblasts of Russia, Places in Russia, Tula Oblast
    Sense id: en-Tula-en-name-XzbAJZN3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for Tula meaning in English (11.8kB)

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        "A city in Hidalgo, Mexico, near the remains of the Toltec city Tollan."
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          "Hidalgo",
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        [
          "Mexico",
          "Mexico#English"
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        [
          "Toltec",
          "Toltec"
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        [
          "Tollan",
          "Tollan"
        ]
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      "related": [
        {
          "word": "Tollan"
        }
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      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "town in Mexico",
          "word": "Tula"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
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          "sense": "town in Mexico",
          "word": "Tula"
        },
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          "sense": "town in Mexico",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Тула"
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          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "tulā",
          "sense": "town in Mexico",
          "word": "तुला"
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          "code": "nci",
          "lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
          "sense": "town in Mexico",
          "word": "Tollan"
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          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "town in Mexico",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Tula"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "town in Mexico",
          "word": "Tula de Allende"
        }
      ]
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    "Tula, Hidalgo"
  ],
  "word": "Tula"
}

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          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "Tula metal"
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          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "Tula work"
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      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "tūlā",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "تُولَا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "Tula",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "Տուլա"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "Túla",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "Ту́ла"
        },
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          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "Túla",
          "sense": "city",
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          "word": "Ту́ла"
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        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "圖拉"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "Túlā",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "图拉"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "Toela"
        },
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          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "Tula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "word": "Toula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ṭula",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "ტულა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "Tula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "Toúla",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Τούλα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "טולה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "tulā",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "तुला"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "Tūra",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "トゥーラ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "tulla",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "툴라"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "Tula",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Тула"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "تولا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Tuła"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Tula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Túla",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ту́ла"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Тула"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Tula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "dtoolaa",
          "sense": "city",
          "word": "ตูลา"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "Túla",
          "sense": "city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ту́ла"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "57 43",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "oblast",
          "word": "Tulan alue"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "57 43",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "oblast",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "word": "Tula"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "57 43",
          "code": "mk",
          "english": "Tulska oblast",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "sense": "oblast",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Тулска област"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "57 43",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Túlʹskaja óblastʹ",
          "sense": "oblast",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ту́льская о́бласть"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Oblasts of Russia",
          "orig": "en:Oblasts of Russia",
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        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in Russia",
          "orig": "en:Places in Russia",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Tula Oblast",
          "orig": "en:Tula Oblast",
          "parents": [
            "Oblasts of Russia",
            "Oblasts",
            "Places",
            "Political subdivisions",
            "Names",
            "Polities",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An oblast in western Russia."
      ],
      "id": "en-Tula-en-name-XzbAJZN3",
      "links": [
        [
          "oblast",
          "oblast"
        ],
        [
          "Russia",
          "Russia#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Tula Oblast",
    "Tula, Russia"
  ],
  "word": "Tula"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Russian",
    "English terms borrowed from Spanish",
    "English terms derived from Classical Nahuatl",
    "English terms derived from Russian",
    "English terms derived from Spanish",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Classical Nahuatl translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Marathi translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Thai translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "Tula"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish Tula",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nci",
        "3": "Tōllān",
        "4": "",
        "5": "place of bulrushes"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Nahuatl Tōllān (“place of bulrushes”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Spanish Tula, from Classical Nahuatl Tōllān (“place of bulrushes”), from tōllin (“bulrush”) + -tlān.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Tula",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Tollan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Cities in Hidalgo",
        "en:Cities in Mexico",
        "en:Places in Hidalgo",
        "en:Places in Mexico"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A city in Hidalgo, Mexico, near the remains of the Toltec city Tollan."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hidalgo",
          "Hidalgo#English"
        ],
        [
          "Mexico",
          "Mexico#English"
        ],
        [
          "Toltec",
          "Toltec"
        ],
        [
          "Tollan",
          "Tollan"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "town in Mexico",
      "word": "Tula"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "town in Mexico",
      "word": "Tula"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "Tula",
      "sense": "town in Mexico",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Тула"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "tulā",
      "sense": "town in Mexico",
      "word": "तुला"
    },
    {
      "code": "nci",
      "lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
      "sense": "town in Mexico",
      "word": "Tollan"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "town in Mexico",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Tula"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "town in Mexico",
      "word": "Tula de Allende"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Tula, Hidalgo"
  ],
  "word": "Tula"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Russian",
    "English terms derived from Russian",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Thai translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Tula metal"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tula work"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ru",
        "3": "Ту́ла"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian Ту́ла (Túla)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Russian Ту́ла (Túla).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Tula",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Cities in Russia",
        "en:Cities in Tula Oblast",
        "en:Places in Russia",
        "en:Places in Tula Oblast"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A city, the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia, 165 km south of Moscow."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Tula",
          "Tula#English"
        ],
        [
          "Russia",
          "Russia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Moscow",
          "Moscow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Oblasts of Russia",
        "en:Places in Russia",
        "en:Tula Oblast"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An oblast in western Russia."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "oblast",
          "oblast"
        ],
        [
          "Russia",
          "Russia#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "tūlā",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "تُولَا"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "Tula",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "Տուլա"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "Túla",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ту́ла"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "Túla",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ту́ла"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "圖拉"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Túlā",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "图拉"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "Toela"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "Tula"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Toula"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ṭula",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "ტულა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "Tula"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "Toúla",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Τούλα"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "טולה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "tulā",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "तुला"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Tūra",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "トゥーラ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "tulla",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "툴라"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "Tula",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Тула"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "تولا"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Tuła"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Tula"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Túla",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ту́ла"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Тула"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Tula"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "dtoolaa",
      "sense": "city",
      "word": "ตูลา"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "Túla",
      "sense": "city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ту́ла"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "oblast",
      "word": "Tulan alue"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "oblast",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Tula"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "english": "Tulska oblast",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "sense": "oblast",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Тулска област"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Túlʹskaja óblastʹ",
      "sense": "oblast",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ту́льская о́бласть"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Tula Oblast",
    "Tula, Russia"
  ],
  "word": "Tula"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.