See Swadesh list in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Swadesh list meaning in English (6.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "linguist",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": ""
},
"expansion": "linguist",
"name": "named-after/list"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Morris Swadesh"
},
"expansion": "Morris Swadesh",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Morris Swadesh",
"nationality": "American",
"occupation": "linguist",
"wplink": "="
},
"expansion": "Named after American linguist Morris Swadesh",
"name": "named-after"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Named after American linguist Morris Swadesh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Swadesh lists",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Swadesh list (plural Swadesh lists)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kazakh terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mongolian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the lists of vocabulary with universal test meanings/concepts developed by Morris Swadesh in the 1950-70s."
],
"id": "en-Swadesh_list-en-noun-EZSYjWyU",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) One of the lists of vocabulary with universal test meanings/concepts developed by Morris Swadesh in the 1950-70s."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "قَائِمَة سواديش"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llista Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "斯瓦迪士核心詞列表"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Sīwǎdíshì héxīncí lièbiǎo",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "斯瓦迪士核心词列表"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Swadeshův seznam"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Swadesh-luettelo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liste Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lista Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceifa Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "svodešis sia",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "სვოდეშის სია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Swadesh-Liste"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Suwadeshu-risuto",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "スワデシュ・リスト"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "Svodeş tızımı",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Сводеш тізімі"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Seuwadesi riseuteu",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "스와데시 리스트"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "Cvodešiin žagsaalt",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Cводешийн жагсаалт"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "fehrest-e sûvâdeš",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "فهرست سوادش"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lista Swadesha"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lista de Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spísok Svódeša",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спи́сок Сво́деша"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "lista Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "swadeshlista"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "Swadesh-lista"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Swadesh Listesi"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Swadesh list"
]
}
],
"word": "Swadesh list"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "linguist",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": ""
},
"expansion": "linguist",
"name": "named-after/list"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Morris Swadesh"
},
"expansion": "Morris Swadesh",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Morris Swadesh",
"nationality": "American",
"occupation": "linguist",
"wplink": "="
},
"expansion": "Named after American linguist Morris Swadesh",
"name": "named-after"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Named after American linguist Morris Swadesh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Swadesh lists",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Swadesh list (plural Swadesh lists)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"Kazakh terms with redundant script codes",
"Mongolian terms with redundant script codes",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the lists of vocabulary with universal test meanings/concepts developed by Morris Swadesh in the 1950-70s."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) One of the lists of vocabulary with universal test meanings/concepts developed by Morris Swadesh in the 1950-70s."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Swadesh list"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "قَائِمَة سواديش"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llista Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "斯瓦迪士核心詞列表"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Sīwǎdíshì héxīncí lièbiǎo",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "斯瓦迪士核心词列表"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Swadeshův seznam"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Swadesh-luettelo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liste Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lista Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceifa Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "svodešis sia",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "სვოდეშის სია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Swadesh-Liste"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Suwadeshu-risuto",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "スワデシュ・リスト"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "Svodeş tızımı",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Сводеш тізімі"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Seuwadesi riseuteu",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "스와데시 리스트"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "Cvodešiin žagsaalt",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Cводешийн жагсаалт"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "fehrest-e sûvâdeš",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "فهرست سوادش"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lista Swadesha"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lista de Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spísok Svódeša",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спи́сок Сво́деша"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "lista Swadesh"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "swadeshlista"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "Swadesh-lista"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "lists of vocabulary intended to be available in all languages, so-called \"universals\"",
"word": "Swadesh Listesi"
}
],
"word": "Swadesh list"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.