"Shaanxi" meaning in English

See Shaanxi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /ʃɑːnˈʃiː/, /ˈʃænˈʃiː/
Etymology: From a modified form of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Chinese 陝西/陕西 (Shǎnxī, “West of the Shan [Pass]”).
The double-a spelling, used certainly to avoid homography with Shanxi (山西, of shān rather than shǎn), is not a feature of Hanyu Pinyin and cannot be observed outside reference to Shaanxi (see also: Shaanbei, Ningshaan). It is likely inherited from the pre-Pinyin Latinxua Sin Wenz system devised and employed by Communist linguists, which was toneless and employed "irregular spellings" for undesirable homographs. The pairs Shaansi (陝西/陕西) and Shansi (山西) appear (for the first time?) in the influential Sin Wenz primer 《中國話寫法拉丁化——理論·原則·方案》 (1935). An alternative theory is that the double-a spelling is from the Gwoyeu Romatzyh romanization system, where the third tone is spelled by doubling a vowel (Shaanshi 陝西/陕西 vs. Shanshi 山西), but this is less likely considering the history of Gwoyeu Romatzyh and Sin Wenz, including the political and ideological rivalry between the two systems.
Etymology templates: {{der|en|cmn-pinyin|-}} Hanyu Pinyin, {{uder|en|zh|陝西||West of the Shan 􂀿Pass􂁀}} Chinese 陝西/陕西 (Shǎnxī, “West of the Shan [Pass]”), {{m|en|Shanxi}} Shanxi, {{m|zh|山西|tr=-}} 山西, {{m|en|Shaanbei}} Shaanbei, {{m|en|Ningshaan}} Ningshaan, {{m|zh|陝西|tr=-}} 陝西/陕西, {{m|zh|山西|tr=-}} 山西, {{lang|zh|《中國話寫法拉丁化——理論·原則·方案》}} 《中國話寫法拉丁化——理論·原則·方案》, {{m|zh|陝西|tr=-}} 陝西/陕西, {{m|zh|山西|tr=-}} 山西 Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Shaanxi
  1. A province in China, including the Wei River valley and the fertile southern half of the Ordos Loop, comprising much of the Loess Plateau. Capital: Xi'an. Wikipedia link: Gwoyeu Romatzyh, Latinxua Sin Wenz, Shaanxi, Sin Wenz, Sin Wenz#Irregular spellings Categories (place): Places in China, Provinces of China Synonyms: Shen-hsi, Shenhsi, Shensi, Xensi [obsolete], Shanxi [proscribed], Shaangxi, Sha'anxi [misspelling] Related terms: Not to be confused with Shanxi Related terms (Autonomous regions): Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang Related terms (Municipalities): Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing Related terms (Provinces): Anhui · Fujian · Guangdong · Gansu · Guizhou · Henan · Hubei · Hebei · Hainan · Heilongjiang · Hunan · Jilin · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Liaoning · Qinghai · Sichuan · Shandong · Shaanxi · Shanxi · Taiwan · Yunnan · Zhejiang (english: claimed) Related terms (Special administrative regions): Hong Kong · Macau Translations (province of northwest China): شَانْشِي (šānšī) [masculine] (Arabic), Շենսի (Šensi) (Armenian), 陝西 [Hokkien] (Chinese), 陕西 (Siám-sai) [Hokkien] (Chinese), 陝西 (Chinese Cantonese), 陕西 (sim² sai¹) (Chinese Cantonese), 陝西 (Chinese Mandarin), 陕西 (Shǎnxī) (Chinese Mandarin), Šen-si (Czech), შენსი (šensi) (Georgian), Σαανσί (Saansí) (Greek), Senhszi (Hungarian), 陝西 (Sensei) (alt: せんせい) (Japanese), 산시 (Sansi) (Korean), 섬서 (seomseo) (Korean), Xensi (Latin), Šaaņsji (Latvian), Šaansi (Lithuanian), Šensi (Lithuanian), Шенсји (Šensji) (Macedonian), ᡧᠠᠨᠰᡳ (šansi) (Manchu), Шэньси́ (Šɛnʹsí) [feminine, indeclinable] (Russian), Thiểm Tây (Vietnamese), Sanjsih (Zhuang)

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for Shaanxi meaning in English (11.3kB)

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  "etymology_text": "From a modified form of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Chinese 陝西/陕西 (Shǎnxī, “West of the Shan [Pass]”).\n\nThe double-a spelling, used certainly to avoid homography with Shanxi (山西, of shān rather than shǎn), is not a feature of Hanyu Pinyin and cannot be observed outside reference to Shaanxi (see also: Shaanbei, Ningshaan). It is likely inherited from the pre-Pinyin Latinxua Sin Wenz system devised and employed by Communist linguists, which was toneless and employed \"irregular spellings\" for undesirable homographs. The pairs Shaansi (陝西/陕西) and Shansi (山西) appear (for the first time?) in the influential Sin Wenz primer 《中國話寫法拉丁化——理論·原則·方案》 (1935).\nAn alternative theory is that the double-a spelling is from the Gwoyeu Romatzyh romanization system, where the third tone is spelled by doubling a vowel (Shaanshi 陝西/陕西 vs. Shanshi 山西), but this is less likely considering the history of Gwoyeu Romatzyh and Sin Wenz, including the political and ideological rivalry between the two systems.",
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          "ref": "[1856, Thomas Taylor Meadows, The Chinese and their Rebellions, London: Smith, Elder & Co., →OCLC, page 176",
          "text": "The fact, therefore, that the Tae pings, when they raised the siege of Hwae king on the 1st September marched westwards by it into Shan se, shows that the Imperial forces were strong enough to prevent their descent by the Wei river.]",
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          "ref": "1979 March 5, Jay Mathews, “China Is China, But Hangchow Is Hangzhou”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-29",
          "text": "Under the Pinyin system, two neighboring provinces of northern China are both spelled \"Shanxi\". In this special case, one of the provinces is now spelled \"Shaanxi\", to indicate a different tone in the first syllable.",
          "type": "quotation"
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          "ref": "1979 July, “2,000-year-old Paper”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVIII, number 7, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 51",
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          "ref": "1979 August, Lan Cao, “Tomb of the Yellow Emperor”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXVIII, number 8, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 64, column 1",
          "text": "HUANG DI, the legendary Yellow Emperor to whom is attributed the founding of the Chinese nation about 2000 B.C., is said to have been buried on the loess plateau. There is a tomb in Shaanxi province’s Huangling county which has long been honored as his.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1984, Pan Jiang (P'an Kiang), “The Phylogenetic Position of the Eugaleaspida in China”, in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, volume 107, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 311",
          "text": "Relevant new discoveries in China, not yet described, include polybranchiaspids and hanyangaspids which were recently (1981-82) recovered from an Early Silurian formation in western Hunan Province of south China, and in southern Shaanxi Province, west China.",
          "type": "quotation"
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          "text": "\"Archeologists drew almost a complete blank in their search of the inner tomb,\" the official New China News Agency said Saturday in a report of excavations at the tomb site, thought to be between 2,200 and 2,800 years old. The site is in Fengxiang County of Shaanxi Province, about 90 miles west of the ancient Yellow River capital of Xian.",
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          "ref": "2019 January 13, “21 die in China coal mine collapse”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2019-01-13",
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          "type": "quotation"
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          "ref": "2022 January 19, “Chinese couple trapped on lockdown date get engaged”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2022-01-19, Live news",
          "text": "Zhao Xiaoqing, a 28-year-old woman from northern China's Shaanxi province, thought her date in mid-December with a young man living in a different city would be a one-day affair where she would also get to know his family.",
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        {
          "word": "Shen-hsi"
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          "word": "Shenhsi"
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        {
          "word": "Shensi"
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          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "šānšī",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
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          "word": "شَانْشِي"
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          "sense": "province of northwest China",
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          "word": "陝西"
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          "code": "yue",
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          "word": "陝西"
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          "word": "陕西"
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          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "陝西"
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          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "Shǎnxī",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "陕西"
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          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Šen-si"
        },
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          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "šensi",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "შენსი"
        },
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          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "Saansí",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Σαανσί"
        },
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          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Senhszi"
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        {
          "alt": "せんせい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "Sensei",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "陝西"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "Sansi",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "산시"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "seomseo",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "섬서"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Xensi"
        },
        {
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Šaaņsji"
        },
        {
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Šaansi"
        },
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          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Šensi"
        },
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          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "Šensji",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Шенсји"
        },
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          "code": "mnc",
          "lang": "Manchu",
          "roman": "šansi",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "ᡧᠠᠨᠰᡳ"
        },
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          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Šɛnʹsí",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "indeclinable"
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          "word": "Шэньси́"
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          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Thiểm Tây"
        },
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          "code": "za",
          "lang": "Zhuang",
          "sense": "province of northwest China",
          "word": "Sanjsih"
        }
      ],
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        "Gwoyeu Romatzyh",
        "Latinxua Sin Wenz",
        "Shaanxi",
        "Sin Wenz",
        "Sin Wenz#Irregular spellings"
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      "ipa": "/ʃɑːnˈʃiː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃænˈʃiː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Shaanxi"
}
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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a modified form of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Chinese 陝西/陕西 (Shǎnxī, “West of the Shan [Pass]”).\n\nThe double-a spelling, used certainly to avoid homography with Shanxi (山西, of shān rather than shǎn), is not a feature of Hanyu Pinyin and cannot be observed outside reference to Shaanxi (see also: Shaanbei, Ningshaan). It is likely inherited from the pre-Pinyin Latinxua Sin Wenz system devised and employed by Communist linguists, which was toneless and employed \"irregular spellings\" for undesirable homographs. The pairs Shaansi (陝西/陕西) and Shansi (山西) appear (for the first time?) in the influential Sin Wenz primer 《中國話寫法拉丁化——理論·原則·方案》 (1935).\nAn alternative theory is that the double-a spelling is from the Gwoyeu Romatzyh romanization system, where the third tone is spelled by doubling a vowel (Shaanshi 陝西/陕西 vs. Shanshi 山西), but this is less likely considering the history of Gwoyeu Romatzyh and Sin Wenz, including the political and ideological rivalry between the two systems.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Shaanxi",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Not to be confused with Shanxi"
    },
    {
      "english": "claimed",
      "sense": "Provinces",
      "word": "Anhui · Fujian · Guangdong · Gansu · Guizhou · Henan · Hubei · Hebei · Hainan · Heilongjiang · Hunan · Jilin · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Liaoning · Qinghai · Sichuan · Shandong · Shaanxi · Shanxi · Taiwan · Yunnan · Zhejiang"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Autonomous regions",
      "word": "Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Municipalities",
      "word": "Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Special administrative regions",
      "word": "Hong Kong · Macau"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations",
        "English 2-syllable words",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "English lemmas",
        "English proper nouns",
        "English terms derived from Chinese",
        "English terms derived from Hanyu Pinyin",
        "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "English undefined derivations",
        "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
        "en:Places in China",
        "en:Provinces of China"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "[1856, Thomas Taylor Meadows, The Chinese and their Rebellions, London: Smith, Elder & Co., →OCLC, page 176",
          "text": "The fact, therefore, that the Tae pings, when they raised the siege of Hwae king on the 1st September marched westwards by it into Shan se, shows that the Imperial forces were strong enough to prevent their descent by the Wei river.]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1979 March 5, Jay Mathews, “China Is China, But Hangchow Is Hangzhou”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-29",
          "text": "Under the Pinyin system, two neighboring provinces of northern China are both spelled \"Shanxi\". In this special case, one of the provinces is now spelled \"Shaanxi\", to indicate a different tone in the first syllable.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1979 July, “2,000-year-old Paper”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVIII, number 7, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 51",
          "text": "Three pieces of paper which may date back to between 73 and 49 BC were recently found in Fufeng county, Shaanxi province.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1979 August, Lan Cao, “Tomb of the Yellow Emperor”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXVIII, number 8, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 64, column 1",
          "text": "HUANG DI, the legendary Yellow Emperor to whom is attributed the founding of the Chinese nation about 2000 B.C., is said to have been buried on the loess plateau. There is a tomb in Shaanxi province’s Huangling county which has long been honored as his.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1984, Pan Jiang (P'an Kiang), “The Phylogenetic Position of the Eugaleaspida in China”, in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, volume 107, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 311",
          "text": "Relevant new discoveries in China, not yet described, include polybranchiaspids and hanyangaspids which were recently (1981-82) recovered from an Early Silurian formation in western Hunan Province of south China, and in southern Shaanxi Province, west China.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1986 June 16, “CHINESE TOMB FOUND TO BE VICTIM OF GRAVE ROBBERS”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-24, B, page 10",
          "text": "\"Archeologists drew almost a complete blank in their search of the inner tomb,\" the official New China News Agency said Saturday in a report of excavations at the tomb site, thought to be between 2,200 and 2,800 years old. The site is in Fengxiang County of Shaanxi Province, about 90 miles west of the ancient Yellow River capital of Xian.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019 January 13, “21 die in China coal mine collapse”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2019-01-13",
          "text": "Twenty one people were killed in China after the roof of a coal mine collapsed in Lijiagou, in the central province Shaanxi, state media reported on Sunday.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022 January 19, “Chinese couple trapped on lockdown date get engaged”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2022-01-19, Live news",
          "text": "Zhao Xiaoqing, a 28-year-old woman from northern China's Shaanxi province, thought her date in mid-December with a young man living in a different city would be a one-day affair where she would also get to know his family.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A province in China, including the Wei River valley and the fertile southern half of the Ordos Loop, comprising much of the Loess Plateau. Capital: Xi'an."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "province",
          "province"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ],
        [
          "including",
          "including"
        ],
        [
          "Wei River",
          "Wei River"
        ],
        [
          "valley",
          "valley"
        ],
        [
          "fertile",
          "fertile"
        ],
        [
          "southern",
          "southern"
        ],
        [
          "half",
          "half"
        ],
        [
          "Ordos",
          "Ordos"
        ],
        [
          "Loop",
          "loop"
        ],
        [
          "comprising",
          "comprising"
        ],
        [
          "much",
          "much"
        ],
        [
          "Loess Plateau",
          "Loess Plateau"
        ],
        [
          "Xi'an",
          "Xi'an#English"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Gwoyeu Romatzyh",
        "Latinxua Sin Wenz",
        "Shaanxi",
        "Sin Wenz",
        "Sin Wenz#Irregular spellings"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃɑːnˈʃiː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃænˈʃiː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "Shen-hsi"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shenhsi"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shensi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "Xensi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "proscribed"
      ],
      "word": "Shanxi"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shaangxi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "misspelling"
      ],
      "word": "Sha'anxi"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "šānšī",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "شَانْشِي"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "Šensi",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Շենսի"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "陝西"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "sim² sai¹",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "陕西"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "陝西"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "roman": "Siám-sai",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "陕西"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "陝西"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Shǎnxī",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "陕西"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Šen-si"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "šensi",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "შენსი"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "Saansí",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Σαανσί"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Senhszi"
    },
    {
      "alt": "せんせい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Sensei",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "陝西"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "Sansi",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "산시"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "seomseo",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "섬서"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Xensi"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Šaaņsji"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Šaansi"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Šensi"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "Šensji",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Шенсји"
    },
    {
      "code": "mnc",
      "lang": "Manchu",
      "roman": "šansi",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "ᡧᠠᠨᠰᡳ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Šɛnʹsí",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indeclinable"
      ],
      "word": "Шэньси́"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Thiểm Tây"
    },
    {
      "code": "za",
      "lang": "Zhuang",
      "sense": "province of northwest China",
      "word": "Sanjsih"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Shaanxi"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.