See Saracen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "Saracenus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin Saracenus",
"name": "derived"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Σαρακηνός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Σαρακηνός (Sarakēnós)",
"name": "derived"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "شَرْقِيِّين",
"4": "",
"5": "easterners",
"tr": "šarqiyyin"
},
"expansion": "Arabic شَرْقِيِّين (šarqiyyin, “easterners”)",
"name": "derived"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "سَارِقُون",
"tr": "plunderers"
},
"expansion": "Arabic سَارِقُون (plunderers)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ش ر ق"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin Saracenus, from Ancient Greek Σαρακηνός (Sarakēnós) - *Saraka[?] + -ινος. The source of the Greek has long been debated. In the 17th-19th century the most widely accepted theory derived it from Arabic شَرْقِيِّين (šarqiyyin, “easterners”). Since the Sarakenoi lived to the east of most Semitic peoples of the time. Some authors in the 15th-17th centuries dervied it from Arabic سَارِقُون (plunderers) (sariqun), as mentioned in wikipedia Saracen. A yet older theory from the 4th century CE (e.g. Eusebius), connected it to biblical Sarah, claiming that the progeny of Hagar had chosen that name to imitate the nobler roots of Israelites. This is probably the source of the pejorative use of the term, and its wide currency Two theories based on place-names point at Saraka in Arabia, or Sarakēnē in Arabia Petrea. The latter, apparently in Sinai, and may be related to the Bedouin tribe Sawārke/Sawārika. According to this theory this was the first Arabic group with whom the Greek writers from Alexandria would have sustained contacts, and it served as a type that was later generalized to all Arabic groups.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Saracens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Saracen (plural Saracens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Saracenic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sarsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sarsen stone"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 16 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 15 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 16 6 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 9 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 17 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE, who were specifically distinct from Arabs."
],
"id": "en-Saracen-en-noun-qvBnmLXi",
"links": [
[
"Sinai",
"Sinai"
],
[
"Arabia",
"Arabia"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sarakinos",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"word": "սարակինոս"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Saracén"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarrazin"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarrasin"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarazene"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Saracen"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sarraceno"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saracinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saracina"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sarraceno"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarracena"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 2 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "saracen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 16 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 15 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 16 6 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 9 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 17 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades."
],
"id": "en-Saracen-en-noun-iBAhehIn",
"links": [
[
"Muslim",
"Muslim"
],
[
"Crusades",
"Crusades"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sarakinos",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"word": "սարակինոս"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarrazin"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarrasin"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sarḳinozi",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"word": "სარკინოზი"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Saracen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "saracín",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"word": "сараци́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saracinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maumittanu"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sarraceno"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarracena"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "saracen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 74 4 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"word": "Sarazen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 17 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pirate in the Mediterranean."
],
"id": "en-Saracen-en-noun-82puWLCF",
"links": [
[
"pirate",
"pirate"
],
[
"Mediterranean",
"Mediterranean"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A pirate in the Mediterranean."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 94 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "pirate in the Mediterranean",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saracinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 94 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "pirate in the Mediterranean",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saracina"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 94 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "pirate in the Mediterranean",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turcu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 94 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "pirate in the Mediterranean",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turca"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 22 1 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 2 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 20 5 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 22 3 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 16 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 15 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 26 2 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 16 6 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 23 6 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 20 6 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 9 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 24 3 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 17 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 24 2 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 17 10 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 17 10 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of six-wheeled armoured personnel carrier."
],
"id": "en-Saracen-en-noun-9fCRHjoE",
"links": [
[
"armoured personnel carrier",
"armoured personnel carrier"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæɹəˌsən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"misspelling"
],
"word": "Sarcen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Saracen"
],
"word": "Saracen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from the Arabic root ش ر ق",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "Saracenus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin Saracenus",
"name": "derived"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Σαρακηνός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Σαρακηνός (Sarakēnós)",
"name": "derived"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "شَرْقِيِّين",
"4": "",
"5": "easterners",
"tr": "šarqiyyin"
},
"expansion": "Arabic شَرْقِيِّين (šarqiyyin, “easterners”)",
"name": "derived"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "سَارِقُون",
"tr": "plunderers"
},
"expansion": "Arabic سَارِقُون (plunderers)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ش ر ق"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin Saracenus, from Ancient Greek Σαρακηνός (Sarakēnós) - *Saraka[?] + -ινος. The source of the Greek has long been debated. In the 17th-19th century the most widely accepted theory derived it from Arabic شَرْقِيِّين (šarqiyyin, “easterners”). Since the Sarakenoi lived to the east of most Semitic peoples of the time. Some authors in the 15th-17th centuries dervied it from Arabic سَارِقُون (plunderers) (sariqun), as mentioned in wikipedia Saracen. A yet older theory from the 4th century CE (e.g. Eusebius), connected it to biblical Sarah, claiming that the progeny of Hagar had chosen that name to imitate the nobler roots of Israelites. This is probably the source of the pejorative use of the term, and its wide currency Two theories based on place-names point at Saraka in Arabia, or Sarakēnē in Arabia Petrea. The latter, apparently in Sinai, and may be related to the Bedouin tribe Sawārke/Sawārika. According to this theory this was the first Arabic group with whom the Greek writers from Alexandria would have sustained contacts, and it served as a type that was later generalized to all Arabic groups.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Saracens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Saracen (plural Saracens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Saracenic"
},
{
"word": "sarsen"
},
{
"word": "sarsen stone"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE, who were specifically distinct from Arabs."
],
"links": [
[
"Sinai",
"Sinai"
],
[
"Arabia",
"Arabia"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades."
],
"links": [
[
"Muslim",
"Muslim"
],
[
"Crusades",
"Crusades"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A pirate in the Mediterranean."
],
"links": [
[
"pirate",
"pirate"
],
[
"Mediterranean",
"Mediterranean"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) A pirate in the Mediterranean."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A type of six-wheeled armoured personnel carrier."
],
"links": [
[
"armoured personnel carrier",
"armoured personnel carrier"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæɹəˌsən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"misspelling"
],
"word": "Sarcen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sarakinos",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"word": "սարակինոս"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Saracén"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarrazin"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarrasin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarazene"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Saracen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sarraceno"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saracinu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saracina"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sarraceno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarracena"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "member of a nomadic people from the Sinai near the Roman province of Arabia in the early centuries CE",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "saracen"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sarakinos",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"word": "սարակինոս"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarrazin"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sarrasin"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sarḳinozi",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"word": "სარკინოზი"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Saracen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "saracín",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"word": "сараци́н"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saracinu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maumittanu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sarraceno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarracena"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "saracen"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Arab or any Muslim, especially one involved in the Crusades",
"word": "Sarazen"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "pirate in the Mediterranean",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saracinu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "pirate in the Mediterranean",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saracina"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "pirate in the Mediterranean",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "turcu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "pirate in the Mediterranean",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turca"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Saracen"
],
"word": "Saracen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Saracen meaning in English (8.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.