See Cross in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "5 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8",
"word": "Holy Cross"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8",
"word": "St Cross"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Lacroix"
},
"expansion": "French Lacroix",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kreutz"
},
"expansion": "German Kreutz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "Križ"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian Križ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Irish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "krus",
"t": "pitcher, vessel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German krus (“pitcher, vessel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρωσσός",
"t": "pitcher, pail, urn"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρωσσός (krōssós, “pitcher, pail, urn”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* As an English surname, from the noun cross, as in crossroads. Also a calque of this word in various European languages, such as French Lacroix, German Kreutz, Serbo-Croatian Križ. Compare Crouch, Crozier, Kriz.\n* As an Irish surname, shortened from McCrossen.\n* As a German surname, Americanized from Kross, from Middle Low German krus (“pitcher, vessel”), which is possibly an old Germanic borrowing of Ancient Greek κρωσσός (krōssós, “pitcher, pail, urn”). Also a variant of Kress.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Cross",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Crosses",
"orig": "en:Crosses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The cross on which Jesus died and, in metonymical uses, such as to refer to Christ's suffering in general."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-5kBQrWcZ",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"cross",
"cross"
],
[
"Jesus",
"Jesus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The cross on which Jesus died and, in metonymical uses, such as to refer to Christ's suffering in general."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Holy Cross"
},
{
"word": "True Cross"
},
{
"word": "Crucifix"
}
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Scotland",
"orig": "en:Places in Scotland",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in the Western Isles, Scotland",
"orig": "en:Places in the Western Isles, Scotland",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Scotland",
"orig": "en:Villages in Scotland",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in the Western Isles, Scotland",
"orig": "en:Villages in the Western Isles, Scotland",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 9 8 8 9 9 5 5 7 7 6 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 9 8 8 9 9 5 5 7 7 6 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 9 8 8 9 9 5 5 7 7 6 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United Kingdom:",
"A settlement on the Isle of Lewis, Western Isles council area, Scotland (OS grid ref NB5062)."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-9Rrx9NXW",
"links": [
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"settlement",
"settlement"
],
[
"Isle of Lewis",
"Isle of Lewis#English"
],
[
"Western Isles",
"Western Isles#English"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Cornwall, England",
"orig": "en:Places in Cornwall, England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in England",
"orig": "en:Places in England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Cornwall, England",
"orig": "en:Villages in Cornwall, England",
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"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in England",
"orig": "en:Villages in England",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United Kingdom:",
"A hamlet in St Dominick parish, east Cornwall, England (OS grid ref SX4067)"
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-G4hng7mI",
"links": [
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"hamlet",
"hamlet"
],
[
"St Dominick",
"St Dominick#English"
],
[
"Cornwall",
"Cornwall#English"
],
[
"England",
"England#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Devon, England",
"orig": "en:Places in Devon, England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Places in England",
"orig": "en:Places in England",
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"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Devon, England",
"orig": "en:Villages in Devon, England",
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"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Villages in England",
"orig": "en:Villages in England",
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"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United Kingdom:",
"A hamlet in Georgeham parish, North Devon district, Devon, England (OS grid ref SS4539)."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-CgZ8gA1G",
"links": [
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"hamlet",
"hamlet"
],
[
"Georgeham",
"Georgeham#English"
],
[
"North Devon",
"North Devon#English"
],
[
"Devon",
"Devon#English"
],
[
"England",
"England#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Devon, England",
"orig": "en:Places in Devon, England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"orig": "en:Places in England",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Villages in Devon, England",
"orig": "en:Villages in Devon, England",
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"Villages",
"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"orig": "en:Villages in England",
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"Villages",
"Places"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United Kingdom:",
"A hamlet in Goodleigh parish, North Devon district, Devon (OS grid ref SS6034)."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-IRZec-uP",
"links": [
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"hamlet",
"hamlet"
],
[
"Goodleigh",
"Goodleigh#English"
],
[
"North Devon",
"North Devon#English"
],
[
"Devon",
"Devon#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
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"orig": "en:Places in England",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"Places"
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"orig": "en:Villages in England",
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United Kingdom:",
"A hamlet in Ellesmere Rural parish and Ellesmere Urban parish, north of Ellesmere, Shropshire, England (OS grid ref SJ3936)."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-gF-6vPOg",
"links": [
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"hamlet",
"hamlet"
],
[
"Ellesmere Rural",
"Ellesmere Rural#English"
],
[
"Ellesmere Urban",
"Ellesmere Urban#English"
],
[
"Ellesmere",
"Ellesmere#English"
],
[
"Shropshire",
"Shropshire#English"
],
[
"England",
"England#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
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"Places"
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Places in Somerset, England",
"orig": "en:Places in Somerset, England",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Villages in England",
"orig": "en:Villages in England",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Somerset, England",
"orig": "en:Villages in Somerset, England",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United Kingdom:",
"A village in Compton Bishop parish, Somerset, England, previously in Sedgemoor district (OS grid ref ST4154)."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-Et1u2pxe",
"links": [
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"Compton Bishop",
"Compton Bishop#English"
],
[
"Somerset",
"Somerset#English"
],
[
"England",
"England#English"
],
[
"Sedgemoor",
"Sedgemoor#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in County Clare, Ireland",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"orig": "en:Places in Ireland",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in County Clare, Ireland",
"orig": "en:Villages in County Clare, Ireland",
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"Villages",
"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Ireland",
"orig": "en:Villages in Ireland",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in Ireland:",
"A village and townland in County Clare, Ireland, Irish spelling An Chrois."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-dAJj~5Ab",
"links": [
[
"Ireland",
"Ireland#English"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"Clare",
"Clare#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"orig": "en:Places in Ireland",
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],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Villages in Ireland",
"orig": "en:Villages in Ireland",
"parents": [
"Villages",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in Ireland:",
"A village in County Mayo, Ireland, Irish spelling An Chrois."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-UfC3SbUX",
"links": [
[
"Ireland",
"Ireland#English"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"Mayo",
"Mayo#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in South Carolina, USA",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Unincorporated communities in South Carolina, USA",
"orig": "en:Unincorporated communities in South Carolina, USA",
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"Places"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United States:",
"An unincorporated community in Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-DnHxpGPJ",
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"unincorporated community",
"unincorporated community"
],
[
"Berkeley County",
"Berkeley County#English"
],
[
"South Carolina",
"South Carolina#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in West Virginia, USA",
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"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Unincorporated communities in West Virginia, USA",
"orig": "en:Unincorporated communities in West Virginia, USA",
"parents": [
"Unincorporated communities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United States:",
"An unincorporated community in Mineral County, West Virginia, United States."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-uXea6aaI",
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"unincorporated community",
"unincorporated community"
],
[
"Mineral County",
"Mineral County#English"
],
[
"West Virginia",
"West Virginia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Wisconsin, USA",
"orig": "en:Places in Wisconsin, USA",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
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],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Towns in Wisconsin, USA",
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"Towns",
"Places"
],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
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"name": "Towns in the United States",
"orig": "en:Towns in the United States",
"parents": [
"Towns",
"Places"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United States:",
"A town in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, United States."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-ZvGpH4V4",
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"Buffalo County",
"Buffalo County#English"
],
[
"Wisconsin",
"Wisconsin#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Barangays of Sarangani, Philippines",
"orig": "en:Barangays of Sarangani, Philippines",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Sarangani, Philippines",
"orig": "en:Places in Sarangani, Philippines",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in the Philippines",
"orig": "en:Places in the Philippines",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A barangay of Glan, Sarangani, Philippines."
],
"id": "en-Cross-en-name-1Rj5ZGe0",
"links": [
[
"barangay",
"barangay"
],
[
"Glan",
"Glan#English"
],
[
"Sarangani",
"Sarangani#English"
],
[
"Philippines",
"Philippines#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-ca-cross.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/En-ca-cross.ogg/En-ca-cross.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/En-ca-cross.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "krôs",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-cross.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-us-cross.ogg/En-us-cross.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-us-cross.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-cross.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/En-au-cross.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏs",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑs/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
}
],
"word": "Cross"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Lacroix"
},
"expansion": "French Lacroix",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kreutz"
},
"expansion": "German Kreutz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "Križ"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian Križ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Irish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "krus",
"t": "pitcher, vessel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German krus (“pitcher, vessel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρωσσός",
"t": "pitcher, pail, urn"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρωσσός (krōssós, “pitcher, pail, urn”)",
"name": "der"
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"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Unincorporated communities in South Carolina, USA"
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"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
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"en:Places in the United States",
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"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A place in the United States:",
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},
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"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Towns in Wisconsin, USA",
"en:Towns in the United States"
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},
{
"categories": [
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"en:Places in Sarangani, Philippines",
"en:Places in the Philippines"
],
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"A number of places with the name \"Cross\":",
"A barangay of Glan, Sarangani, Philippines."
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"word": "Cross"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Cross meaning in English (12.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.