See Chan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"2": "cmn-wadegiles",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Wade–Giles",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "詹",
"tr": "Zhān"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 詹 (Zhān)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Wade–Giles romanization Chan¹ of Mandarin 詹 (Zhān).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Chan",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Chim"
},
{
"word": "Tsim"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "Zhan"
},
{
"word": "A Chinese surname from Mandarin"
}
],
"categories": [
"English surnames",
"English surnames from Mandarin"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of Zhan, A Chinese surname from Mandarin."
],
"links": [
[
"Zhan",
"Zhan#English"
],
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃæn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
}
],
"word": "Chan"
}
{
"categories": [
"English doublets",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"English terms borrowed from Manipuri",
"English terms derived from Chinese",
"English terms derived from Mandarin",
"English terms derived from Manipuri",
"English terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English terms derived from the Sanskrit root ध्यै",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/æn",
"Rhymes:English/æn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": "4",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "ध्यै"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zh",
"3": "禪",
"tr": "Chán"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 禪 /禅 (Chán)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "禪那",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "禪那 (MC dzyen na)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "ध्यान",
"lit": "meditation"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna, literally “meditation”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dhyana",
"3": "Zen"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dhyana and Zen",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 禪 /禅 (Chán), a development and clipping of Middle Chinese 禪那 (MC dzyen na), a transcription of Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna, literally “meditation”). Doublet of dhyana and Zen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Ch'an",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chan (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Buddhism"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
144,
149
]
],
"ref": "[1964, Sherman E. Lee, “The Rise of the Arts of Painting and Ceramics in China”, in A History of Far Eastern Art, New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 261, column 2:",
"text": "It is possible that highly calligraphic painting styles, including the extreme forms of “flung-ink,” began at this time, but probably not under Ch’an Buddhist influence, which figured in the religious life of the dynasty.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A major Chinese school of Mahayana Buddhism characterized by sudden enlightenment achieved by indirect means, developed in Japan as Zen."
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"major",
"major"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"Mahayana",
"Mahayana"
],
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"characterized",
"characterized"
],
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"enlightenment",
"enlightenment"
],
[
"achieved",
"achieved"
],
[
"indirect",
"indirect"
],
[
"means",
"means"
],
[
"develop",
"develop"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan"
],
[
"Zen",
"Zen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) A major Chinese school of Mahayana Buddhism characterized by sudden enlightenment achieved by indirect means, developed in Japan as Zen."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃæn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Zen"
},
{
"word": "Zen Buddhism"
}
],
"word": "Chan"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Manipuri",
"English terms derived from Khmer",
"English terms derived from Manipuri",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/æn",
"Rhymes:English/æn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": "5",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "km",
"3": "ចន្ទ"
},
"expansion": "Khmer ចន្ទ (can)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Khmer ចន្ទ (can).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Chan",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English surnames",
"English surnames from Khmer"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname from Khmer."
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃæn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
}
],
"word": "Chan"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Manipuri",
"English terms derived from Manipuri",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/æn",
"Rhymes:English/æn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": "6",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "mni:ꯆꯥꯟ",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Manipuri\", \"term\" : \"ꯆꯥꯟ\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"mni\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Chan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Chan\">\nBorrowed from Manipuri ꯆꯥꯟ (cān).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Manipuri ꯆꯥꯟ (cān).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Chan",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "Chanambam surname of Meitei origin"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of Chanambam surname of Meitei origin"
],
"links": [
[
"Chanambam",
"Chanambam#English"
],
[
"Meitei",
"Meitei"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "Chandam surname of Meitei origin"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of Chandam surname of Meitei origin"
],
"links": [
[
"Chandam",
"Chandam#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʃæn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
}
],
"word": "Chan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Chan meaning in English (10.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.