See Anthropocene in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Anthropocene meaning in English (9.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "anthropo",
"3": "cene"
},
"expansion": "anthropo- + -cene",
"name": "confix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Eugene Stoermer",
"nat": "American",
"nobycat": "1",
"notext": "1",
"occ": "biologist"
},
"expansion": "American biologist Eugene Stoermer",
"name": "coin"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a combination of anthropo- + -cene modeled on Holocene, Pleistocene, and similar. First attested in the 1960s in the translations of Russian-language scientific articles, possibly with a different meaning. Supposedly coined independently in the 1980s by American biologist Eugene Stoermer and later popularized by Dutch atmospheric chemist Paul J. Crutzen in 2000.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Anthropocene",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"An‧thro‧po‧cene"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with anthropo-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -cene",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Climate change",
"orig": "en:Climate change",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geological periods",
"orig": "en:Geological periods",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Oliganthropocene"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960, Doklady. Biological Sciences Sections, volumes 132–135, Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Biological Sciences, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 640, column 2",
"text": "The tempo of evolution in South American hamsters was very rapid – in the course of the Pliocene and Anthropocene 40 genera were formed here, at which time a series of them attained the level of tribe and subtribe (Oxymycteri, Phyllotiini, Ichthyomyini).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Doklady of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.: Earth Sciences Sections, volumes 172–177, Washington, D.C.: American Geological Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 62, column 2",
"text": "The above palynologic data indicate that the evolutionary history of vegetation in the upper reaches of the Indigirka during the Holocene was much more complex than has been thought and than is reflected in the existing stratigraphic maps of the Anthropocene of the Northeast USSR[…].",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2000 May, Paul J[ozef] Crutzen, Eugene F. Stoermer, “The ‘Anthropocene’”, in Will Steffen, editor, Global Change Newsletter, number 41, Stockholm, Sweden: IGBP Secretariat, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, →ISSN, archived from the original on 2017-10-09, page 17",
"text": "Considering these and many other major and still growing impacts of human activities on earth and atmosphere, and at all, including global, scales, it seems to us more than appropriate to emphasize the central role of mankind in geology and ecology by proposing to use the term \"anthropocene\" for the current geological epoch.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012 January–February, Donald Worster, “A Drier and Hotter Future [review of A Great Aridness: Climate Change and the Future of the American Southwest (2011) by William deBuys]”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2017-05-01, page 70",
"text": "Phoenix [in Arizona] and Lubbock [in Texas] are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July 20, “Welcome to the Plastisphere: What is Pollution to Some is Opportunity to Others”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845, archived from the original on 2013-07-31",
"text": "Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020 April 9, Richard Horton, “Coronavirus is the greatest global science policy failure in a generation”, in The Guardian",
"text": "We’re supposed to be living through the Anthropocene, an era where human activity has become the dominant influence on the environment. The idea of the Anthropocene conjures notions of human omnipotence.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2024 March 22, Damian Carrington, “Geologists reject declaration of Anthropocene epoch”, in The Guardian, →ISSN",
"text": "The guardians of the world’s official geological timescale have firmly rejected a proposal to declare an Anthropocene epoch, after an epic academic row.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The proposed current geological epoch, in which the effect of human activities on the global environment have disrupted the natural variability of the Holocene."
],
"id": "en-Anthropocene-en-name-4hfRMWwb",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"geological",
"geological"
],
[
"epoch",
"epoch#English:_geology"
],
[
"effect",
"effect#Noun"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"activities",
"activity"
],
[
"global",
"global"
],
[
"environment",
"environment"
],
[
"disrupt",
"disrupt"
],
[
"variability",
"variability"
],
[
"Holocene",
"Holocene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) The proposed current geological epoch, in which the effect of human activities on the global environment have disrupted the natural variability of the Holocene."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "人類世"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Rénlèishì",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "人类世"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "antropocén"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "antropoceen"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "antropotseen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "antroposeeni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anthropocène"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "antropoceno"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Anthropozän"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Anthropókaino",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ανθρωπόκαινο"
},
{
"alt": "じんしんせい,jinshinsei",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "人新世"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "antoroposen",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "アントロポセン"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ansoroposhīn",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "アンソロポシーン"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ânterupusin",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "آنتروپوسین"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "antropocen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Antropoceno"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Antropocén",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Антропоце́н"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "antropocén"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Antropoceno"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "antropocen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Paul J. Crutzen",
"The New York Times"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈæn.θɹə.pəˌsiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæn.θɹə.pəˌsin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ænˈθɹɑp.əˌsin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "Anthropocene"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Oliganthropocene"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "anthropo",
"3": "cene"
},
"expansion": "anthropo- + -cene",
"name": "confix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Eugene Stoermer",
"nat": "American",
"nobycat": "1",
"notext": "1",
"occ": "biologist"
},
"expansion": "American biologist Eugene Stoermer",
"name": "coin"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a combination of anthropo- + -cene modeled on Holocene, Pleistocene, and similar. First attested in the 1960s in the translations of Russian-language scientific articles, possibly with a different meaning. Supposedly coined independently in the 1980s by American biologist Eugene Stoermer and later popularized by Dutch atmospheric chemist Paul J. Crutzen in 2000.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Anthropocene",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"An‧thro‧po‧cene"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English coinages",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms prefixed with anthropo-",
"English terms suffixed with -cene",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"en:Climate change",
"en:Geological periods",
"en:Geology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960, Doklady. Biological Sciences Sections, volumes 132–135, Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Biological Sciences, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 640, column 2",
"text": "The tempo of evolution in South American hamsters was very rapid – in the course of the Pliocene and Anthropocene 40 genera were formed here, at which time a series of them attained the level of tribe and subtribe (Oxymycteri, Phyllotiini, Ichthyomyini).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Doklady of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.: Earth Sciences Sections, volumes 172–177, Washington, D.C.: American Geological Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 62, column 2",
"text": "The above palynologic data indicate that the evolutionary history of vegetation in the upper reaches of the Indigirka during the Holocene was much more complex than has been thought and than is reflected in the existing stratigraphic maps of the Anthropocene of the Northeast USSR[…].",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2000 May, Paul J[ozef] Crutzen, Eugene F. Stoermer, “The ‘Anthropocene’”, in Will Steffen, editor, Global Change Newsletter, number 41, Stockholm, Sweden: IGBP Secretariat, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, →ISSN, archived from the original on 2017-10-09, page 17",
"text": "Considering these and many other major and still growing impacts of human activities on earth and atmosphere, and at all, including global, scales, it seems to us more than appropriate to emphasize the central role of mankind in geology and ecology by proposing to use the term \"anthropocene\" for the current geological epoch.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012 January–February, Donald Worster, “A Drier and Hotter Future [review of A Great Aridness: Climate Change and the Future of the American Southwest (2011) by William deBuys]”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2017-05-01, page 70",
"text": "Phoenix [in Arizona] and Lubbock [in Texas] are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July 20, “Welcome to the Plastisphere: What is Pollution to Some is Opportunity to Others”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845, archived from the original on 2013-07-31",
"text": "Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020 April 9, Richard Horton, “Coronavirus is the greatest global science policy failure in a generation”, in The Guardian",
"text": "We’re supposed to be living through the Anthropocene, an era where human activity has become the dominant influence on the environment. The idea of the Anthropocene conjures notions of human omnipotence.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2024 March 22, Damian Carrington, “Geologists reject declaration of Anthropocene epoch”, in The Guardian, →ISSN",
"text": "The guardians of the world’s official geological timescale have firmly rejected a proposal to declare an Anthropocene epoch, after an epic academic row.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The proposed current geological epoch, in which the effect of human activities on the global environment have disrupted the natural variability of the Holocene."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"geological",
"geological"
],
[
"epoch",
"epoch#English:_geology"
],
[
"effect",
"effect#Noun"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"activities",
"activity"
],
[
"global",
"global"
],
[
"environment",
"environment"
],
[
"disrupt",
"disrupt"
],
[
"variability",
"variability"
],
[
"Holocene",
"Holocene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) The proposed current geological epoch, in which the effect of human activities on the global environment have disrupted the natural variability of the Holocene."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Paul J. Crutzen",
"The New York Times"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈæn.θɹə.pəˌsiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæn.θɹə.pəˌsin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ænˈθɹɑp.əˌsin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Anthropocene.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "人類世"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Rénlèishì",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "人类世"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "antropocén"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "antropoceen"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "antropotseen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "antroposeeni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anthropocène"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "antropoceno"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Anthropozän"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Anthropókaino",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ανθρωπόκαινο"
},
{
"alt": "じんしんせい,jinshinsei",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "人新世"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "antoroposen",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "アントロポセン"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ansoroposhīn",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "アンソロポシーン"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ânterupusin",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "آنتروپوسین"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "antropocen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Antropoceno"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Antropocén",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Антропоце́н"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"word": "antropocén"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Antropoceno"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the current geological period",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "antropocen"
}
],
"word": "Anthropocene"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.