See -ad in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-άς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -άς (-ás)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek -άς (-ás) (genitive -άδος (-ádos)): a suffix forming feminine nouns.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ads",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "-ad (noun-forming suffix, plural -ads)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-adic"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
],
[
15,
17
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "chiliad, duodecad",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A unit or set (especially of a specified number)."
],
"id": "en--ad-en-suffix-qTuKv8hR",
"links": [
[
"unit",
"unit"
],
[
"set",
"set"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ad"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":der",
"3": "la:ad<t:at>",
"id": "toward",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ad\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"toward\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ad\" id=\"English:_toward\">\nDerived from Latin ad (“at”), from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Q6220644"
},
"expansion": "Coined by British anatomist John Barclay",
"name": "coin"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Latin ad (“at”), from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd. Coined by British anatomist John Barclay.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more -ad",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most -ad",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ad (adverb-forming suffix, comparative more -ad, superlative most -ad)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"sense": "didn't catch on",
"word": "-en"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
],
[
11,
13
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "tibiad; ulnad",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toward"
],
"id": "en--ad-en-suffix-en:toward",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"toward",
"toward"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, anatomy) toward"
],
"senseid": [
"en:toward"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "-ad"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverb-forming suffixes",
"English coinages",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English noun-forming suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"English terms coined by John Barclay",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂éd",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-adic"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-άς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -άς (-ás)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek -άς (-ás) (genitive -άδος (-ádos)): a suffix forming feminine nouns.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ads",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "-ad (noun-forming suffix, plural -ads)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
],
[
15,
17
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "chiliad, duodecad",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A unit or set (especially of a specified number)."
],
"links": [
[
"unit",
"unit"
],
[
"set",
"set"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ad"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverb-forming suffixes",
"English coinages",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms coined by John Barclay",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂éd",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"sense": "didn't catch on",
"word": "-en"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":der",
"3": "la:ad<t:at>",
"id": "toward",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ad\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"toward\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ad\" id=\"English:_toward\">\nDerived from Latin ad (“at”), from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Q6220644"
},
"expansion": "Coined by British anatomist John Barclay",
"name": "coin"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Latin ad (“at”), from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd. Coined by British anatomist John Barclay.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more -ad",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most -ad",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ad (adverb-forming suffix, comparative more -ad, superlative most -ad)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"en:Anatomy",
"en:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
],
[
11,
13
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "tibiad; ulnad",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toward"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"toward",
"toward"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, anatomy) toward"
],
"senseid": [
"en:toward"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "-ad"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ad meaning in English (4.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ad"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ad",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adverb-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ad"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ad",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.