See nb in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bw-nb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nj zp jwt ḫt nb jm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ntj nb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rꜥ nb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ḥr-nb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "t2i-Egyd"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egx-dem",
"2": "",
"alt": "",
"tr": "nb"
},
"expansion": "Demotic: (nb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Demotic: (nb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-akh",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲙ"
},
"expansion": "Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-boh",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ"
},
"expansion": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ (niben)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ (niben)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-fay",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲃⲓ"
},
"expansion": "Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲓ (nibi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲓ (nibi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-lyc",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲙ"
},
"expansion": "Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-oxy",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲙ"
},
"expansion": "Oxyrhynchite Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oxyrhynchite Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-ppp",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲃ"
},
"expansion": "Coptic Dialect P: ⲛⲓⲃ (nib)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Coptic Dialect P: ⲛⲓⲃ (nib)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-sah",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲙ"
},
"expansion": "Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "nbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "nbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nbwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "determiners",
"cat2": "",
"head": "<hiero>nb</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nb",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "<hiero>nb</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nb",
"name": "egy-det"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb"
},
"name": "egy-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"all, every"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-det-toX0Xi35",
"links": [
[
"all",
"all"
],
[
"every",
"every"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"every other"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-det-ecwJRizU",
"links": [
[
"every other",
"every other"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 5 54 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 28 26 4 1 1 7 6 3 6 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 26 19 6 2 2 11 4 2 10 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 22 16 2 2 2 4 6 14 16 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Royal epithets",
"orig": "egy:Royal epithets",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 20 15 19 1 1 20 2 3 5 1 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "egy:Titles",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"all sorts of, all kinds of"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-det-3SmNIn3j",
"links": [
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 28 26 4 1 1 7 6 3 6 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 20 15 19 1 1 20 2 3 5 1 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "egy:Titles",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-det-1qfNKnNx",
"links": [
[
"any",
"any"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(especially in negated clauses) any"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in negated clauses"
],
"tags": [
"especially"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɛb/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "n:nb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb:t"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nbw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "E1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nbt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "[Greco-Roman Period]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "N-b"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "[Old and Middle Kingdoms]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "[Late Egyptian]"
}
],
"word": "nb"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-ꜣꜥꜥw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-ꜣbḏw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-jmꜣḫ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-jmꜣt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-ꜥnḫ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-ꜥḥ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-wꜥ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-pt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-mꜣꜥt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-mdw-nṯr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-nswt-tꜣwj"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-r-ḏr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-ḫꜥw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-sḫm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-kꜣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nbt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-tꜣwj"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-tꜣ-ḏsr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-tm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nḫt-nb.f"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ḥr-nb-ꜥḥ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "t2i-Egyd"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egx-dem",
"2": "",
"alt": "",
"tr": "nb"
},
"expansion": "Demotic: (nb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Demotic: (nb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-boh",
"2": "ⲛⲏⲃ"
},
"expansion": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-old",
"2": "ⲛⲏⲃ"
},
"expansion": "Old Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "lord"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*ruub-",
"4": "",
"5": "to send"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *ruub- (“to send”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ehret attempts to derive this term from a Proto-Afroasiatic *ruub- (“to send”); as with other attempts at reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic, academic consensus is lacking, and in this case the derivation is not particularly plausible.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "nb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "nbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"head": "<hiero>nb</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nb",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "<hiero>nb</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nb m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"g": "m",
"type": "u-stem"
},
"name": "egy-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 0 20 15 19 1 1 20 2 3 5 1 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "egy:Titles",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Osiris, Lord of Djedu, the elder god […]",
"ref": "12th Dynasty, Stela of Nakhti, British Museum EA 143",
"text": "Q1-ir:nb-A40-Dd-Dd-w-O49:t*Z1-nTr-aA\nwsjr nb-ḏdw nṯr-ꜥꜣ […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Wrongdoing has gone, the Slanderer has departed, and the land is in peace under its lord.",
"ref": "c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 23",
"text": "E9-w-i-i-t:nDs-O35:nDs-s-y:E9-w-r:ww-D54-tA:m-Htp:Z2-Xr:r-nb:Z1:f\njwyt zb(.w) sjw(w) rw.w tꜣ m ḥtpw ẖr nb.f"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lord, master, ruler (of a place or people)"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-noun-VzpdbtIG",
"links": [
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"master",
"master"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"master, superior"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-noun-x0MFWKq~",
"links": [
[
"master",
"master"
],
[
"superior",
"superior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(without following genitive noun, often as a term of address) master, superior"
],
"raw_tags": [
"without following genitive noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"often",
"term-of-address"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"master (of a span of time)"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-noun-xIGE44qw",
"links": [
[
"master",
"master"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 0 20 15 19 1 1 20 2 3 5 1 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "egy:Titles",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"owner, possessor, bearer (of an object)"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-noun-DaJ5Qnpk",
"links": [
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"possessor",
"possessor"
],
[
"bearer",
"bearer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Righteousness has been established for its possessor, and the back is turned on wrong.",
"ref": "c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 23–24",
"roman": "smn mꜣꜥt n nb.s rdjw sꜣ r jsft",
"text": "s-mn:n:Y1-mAat-n:nb:z-r:a-w-Aa18*Z1:r-i-s-f:t:nDs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"possessor (of an abstract quality)"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-noun-rf~RhXm2",
"links": [
[
"possessor",
"possessor"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an epithet of the king"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-noun-wvnCc3oZ",
"links": [
[
"epithet",
"epithet#English"
],
[
"king",
"king#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 15 10 11 1 1 11 3 9 27 3 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Divine epithets",
"orig": "egy:Divine epithets",
"parents": [
"Gods",
"Titles",
"Religion",
"People",
"Culture",
"Human",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an epithet of various gods, especially Osiris"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-noun-xV0grXO7",
"links": [
[
"epithet",
"epithet#English"
],
[
"god",
"god#English"
],
[
"Osiris",
"Osiris#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈniːbuw/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈniːbuw/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/neːbə/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/neːβ/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈniːbuw/",
"note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈniːbuw/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nib/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/neːbə/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/neb/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/neːβ/",
"note": "latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nep/",
"note": "latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nɛb/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "n:nb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb:t"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nbw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "E1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nbt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "[Greco-Roman Period]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb:Z1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-A1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-A41"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-G7"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-w"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nb-b"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "n:b"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "n:R7"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "[since the Pyramid Texts]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "[Pyramid Texts]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "[Late Period]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "[Late and Greco-Roman Periods]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in reference to a person"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in reference to the king"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in reference to a king"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "god"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "common only in theOld Kingdom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "G5"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "A40"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "I12"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "A54"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "[since the New Kingdom]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abbrevation"
}
],
"word": "nb"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb-4",
"2": "y",
"3": "A14"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "t2i-Egyd"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egx-dem",
"2": "",
"alt": "",
"tr": "nby"
},
"expansion": "Demotic: (nby)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb-4",
"2": "e",
"3": "A14",
"4": "t-2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "t2i-Egyd"
}
],
"text": "Demotic: (nby), (nbe.t)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-akh",
"2": "ⲛⲁⲃⲉ"
},
"expansion": "Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-boh",
"2": "ⲛⲟⲃⲓ"
},
"expansion": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲓ (nobi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲓ (nobi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-fay",
"2": "ⲛⲁⲃⲓ",
"3": "ⲛⲁϥⲓ"
},
"expansion": "Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲓ (nabi), ⲛⲁϥⲓ (nafi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲓ (nabi), ⲛⲁϥⲓ (nafi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-lyc",
"2": "ⲛⲁⲃⲉ"
},
"expansion": "Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-sah",
"2": "ⲛⲟⲃⲉ"
},
"expansion": "Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲉ (nobe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲉ (nobe)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "m-",
"alt2": "*bw(j)",
"pos1": "noun-forming prefix",
"t2": "abomination"
},
"expansion": "m- (noun-forming prefix) + *bw(j) (“abomination”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From m- (noun-forming prefix) + *bw(j) (“abomination”) with regular dissimilation of m- to n- before a labial; for the stem, compare bwt (“abomination”), bwj (“to abominate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nbw-G37",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"head": "<hiero>nbw-G37</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nbw-G37",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "<hiero>nbw-G37</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nbw-G37 m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian hapax legomena",
"parents": [
"Hapax legomena",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian terms prefixed with m-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sin, damage, impurity"
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-noun-OkWyp7zP",
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"impurity",
"impurity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hapax) sin, damage, impurity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈnaβi/",
"note": "reconstructed Late Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/nɛb/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "nb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "romanization"
},
"expansion": "nb",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian alternative transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 28 26 4 1 1 7 6 3 6 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 20 15 19 1 1 20 2 3 5 1 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "egy",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "egy:Titles",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative transliteration of nbw (“gold”)."
],
"id": "en-nb-egy-romanization-594US2~N",
"links": [
[
"nbw",
"nbw#Egyptian"
]
],
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "nb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian determiners",
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian non-lemma forms",
"Egyptian romanizations",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Divine epithets",
"egy:Royal epithets",
"egy:Titles"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bw-nb"
},
{
"word": "nj zp jwt ḫt nb jm"
},
{
"word": "ntj nb"
},
{
"word": "rꜥ nb"
},
{
"word": "ḥr-nb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "t2i-Egyd"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egx-dem",
"2": "",
"alt": "",
"tr": "nb"
},
"expansion": "Demotic: (nb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Demotic: (nb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-akh",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲙ"
},
"expansion": "Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-boh",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ"
},
"expansion": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ (niben)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ (niben)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-fay",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲃⲓ"
},
"expansion": "Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲓ (nibi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲓ (nibi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-lyc",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲙ"
},
"expansion": "Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-oxy",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲙ"
},
"expansion": "Oxyrhynchite Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oxyrhynchite Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-ppp",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲃ"
},
"expansion": "Coptic Dialect P: ⲛⲓⲃ (nib)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Coptic Dialect P: ⲛⲓⲃ (nib)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-sah",
"2": "ⲛⲓⲙ"
},
"expansion": "Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "nbtj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "nbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nbwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nbt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "determiners",
"cat2": "",
"head": "<hiero>nb</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nb",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "<hiero>nb</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nb",
"name": "egy-det"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb"
},
"name": "egy-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"all, every"
],
"links": [
[
"all",
"all"
],
[
"every",
"every"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"every other"
],
"links": [
[
"every other",
"every other"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"all sorts of, all kinds of"
],
"links": [
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"any"
],
"links": [
[
"any",
"any"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(especially in negated clauses) any"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in negated clauses"
],
"tags": [
"especially"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɛb/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "n:nb"
},
{
"word": "nb:t"
},
{
"word": "nbw"
},
{
"word": "E1"
},
{
"word": "N-b"
},
{
"word": "nbt"
},
{
"word": "[Old and Middle Kingdoms]"
},
{
"word": "[Late Egyptian]"
},
{
"word": "[Greco-Roman Period]"
},
{
"word": "rare"
}
],
"word": "nb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian non-lemma forms",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian romanizations",
"Egyptian terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Egyptian terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Egyptian u-stem nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Divine epithets",
"egy:Royal epithets",
"egy:Titles"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nb-ꜣꜥꜥw"
},
{
"word": "nb-ꜣbḏw"
},
{
"word": "nb-jmꜣḫ"
},
{
"word": "nb-jmꜣt"
},
{
"word": "nb-ꜥnḫ"
},
{
"word": "nb-ꜥḥ"
},
{
"word": "nb-wꜥ"
},
{
"word": "nb-pt"
},
{
"word": "nb-mꜣꜥt"
},
{
"word": "nb-mdw-nṯr"
},
{
"word": "nb-nswt-tꜣwj"
},
{
"word": "nb-r-ḏr"
},
{
"word": "nb-ḫꜥw"
},
{
"word": "nb-sḫm"
},
{
"word": "nb-kꜣ"
},
{
"word": "nbt"
},
{
"word": "nb-tꜣwj"
},
{
"word": "nb-tꜣ-ḏsr"
},
{
"word": "nb-tm"
},
{
"word": "nḫt-nb.f"
},
{
"word": "ḥr-nb-ꜥḥ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "t2i-Egyd"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egx-dem",
"2": "",
"alt": "",
"tr": "nb"
},
"expansion": "Demotic: (nb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Demotic: (nb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-boh",
"2": "ⲛⲏⲃ"
},
"expansion": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-old",
"2": "ⲛⲏⲃ"
},
"expansion": "Old Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "lord"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*ruub-",
"4": "",
"5": "to send"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *ruub- (“to send”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ehret attempts to derive this term from a Proto-Afroasiatic *ruub- (“to send”); as with other attempts at reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic, academic consensus is lacking, and in this case the derivation is not particularly plausible.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "egy-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "nb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nbwj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "nbw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"head": "<hiero>nb</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nb",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "<hiero>nb</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nb m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"g": "m",
"type": "u-stem"
},
"name": "egy-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Osiris, Lord of Djedu, the elder god […]",
"ref": "12th Dynasty, Stela of Nakhti, British Museum EA 143",
"text": "Q1-ir:nb-A40-Dd-Dd-w-O49:t*Z1-nTr-aA\nwsjr nb-ḏdw nṯr-ꜥꜣ […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Wrongdoing has gone, the Slanderer has departed, and the land is in peace under its lord.",
"ref": "c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 23",
"text": "E9-w-i-i-t:nDs-O35:nDs-s-y:E9-w-r:ww-D54-tA:m-Htp:Z2-Xr:r-nb:Z1:f\njwyt zb(.w) sjw(w) rw.w tꜣ m ḥtpw ẖr nb.f"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lord, master, ruler (of a place or people)"
],
"links": [
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"master",
"master"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"master, superior"
],
"links": [
[
"master",
"master"
],
[
"superior",
"superior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(without following genitive noun, often as a term of address) master, superior"
],
"raw_tags": [
"without following genitive noun"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"often",
"term-of-address"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"master (of a span of time)"
],
"links": [
[
"master",
"master"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"owner, possessor, bearer (of an object)"
],
"links": [
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"possessor",
"possessor"
],
[
"bearer",
"bearer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Righteousness has been established for its possessor, and the back is turned on wrong.",
"ref": "c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 23–24",
"roman": "smn mꜣꜥt n nb.s rdjw sꜣ r jsft",
"text": "s-mn:n:Y1-mAat-n:nb:z-r:a-w-Aa18*Z1:r-i-s-f:t:nDs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"possessor (of an abstract quality)"
],
"links": [
[
"possessor",
"possessor"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an epithet of the king"
],
"links": [
[
"epithet",
"epithet#English"
],
[
"king",
"king#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an epithet of various gods, especially Osiris"
],
"links": [
[
"epithet",
"epithet#English"
],
[
"god",
"god#English"
],
[
"Osiris",
"Osiris#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈniːbuw/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈniːbuw/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/neːbə/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/neːβ/",
"note": "reconstructed"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈniːbuw/",
"note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈniːbuw/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nib/",
"note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/neːbə/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/neb/",
"note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/neːβ/",
"note": "latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nep/",
"note": "latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nɛb/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nb:Z1"
},
{
"word": "nb-A1"
},
{
"word": "nb-A41"
},
{
"word": "nb-G7"
},
{
"word": "nb-w"
},
{
"word": "n:nb"
},
{
"word": "nb-b"
},
{
"word": "nb:t"
},
{
"word": "n:b"
},
{
"word": "n:R7"
},
{
"word": "nbw"
},
{
"word": "nbt"
},
{
"word": "[since the Pyramid Texts]"
},
{
"word": "[Pyramid Texts]"
},
{
"word": "[Late Period]"
},
{
"word": "[Late and Greco-Roman Periods]"
},
{
"word": "in reference to a person"
},
{
"word": "in reference to the king"
},
{
"word": "in reference to a king"
},
{
"word": "god"
},
{
"word": "rare"
},
{
"word": "common only in theOld Kingdom"
},
{
"word": "G5"
},
{
"word": "A40"
},
{
"word": "rw"
},
{
"word": "I12"
},
{
"word": "E1"
},
{
"word": "A54"
},
{
"word": "[since the New Kingdom]"
},
{
"word": "[Greco-Roman Period]"
},
{
"word": "abbrevation"
}
],
"word": "nb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian lemmas",
"Egyptian masculine nouns",
"Egyptian non-lemma forms",
"Egyptian nouns",
"Egyptian romanizations",
"Egyptian terms prefixed with m-",
"Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Divine epithets",
"egy:Royal epithets",
"egy:Titles"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb-4",
"2": "y",
"3": "A14"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "t2i-Egyd"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egx-dem",
"2": "",
"alt": "",
"tr": "nby"
},
"expansion": "Demotic: (nby)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb-4",
"2": "e",
"3": "A14",
"4": "t-2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "t2i-Egyd"
}
],
"text": "Demotic: (nby), (nbe.t)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-akh",
"2": "ⲛⲁⲃⲉ"
},
"expansion": "Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-boh",
"2": "ⲛⲟⲃⲓ"
},
"expansion": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲓ (nobi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲓ (nobi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-fay",
"2": "ⲛⲁⲃⲓ",
"3": "ⲛⲁϥⲓ"
},
"expansion": "Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲓ (nabi), ⲛⲁϥⲓ (nafi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲓ (nabi), ⲛⲁϥⲓ (nafi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-lyc",
"2": "ⲛⲁⲃⲉ"
},
"expansion": "Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cop-sah",
"2": "ⲛⲟⲃⲉ"
},
"expansion": "Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲉ (nobe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲉ (nobe)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "m-",
"alt2": "*bw(j)",
"pos1": "noun-forming prefix",
"t2": "abomination"
},
"expansion": "m- (noun-forming prefix) + *bw(j) (“abomination”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From m- (noun-forming prefix) + *bw(j) (“abomination”) with regular dissimilation of m- to n- before a labial; for the stem, compare bwt (“abomination”), bwj (“to abominate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nbw-G37",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "nouns",
"head": "<hiero>nbw-G37</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nbw-G37",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "<hiero>nbw-G37</hiero>"
},
"expansion": "nbw-G37 m",
"name": "egy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian hapax legomena"
],
"glosses": [
"sin, damage, impurity"
],
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"impurity",
"impurity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hapax) sin, damage, impurity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈnaβi/",
"note": "reconstructed Late Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/nɛb/",
"note": "modern Egyptological"
}
],
"word": "nb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
"Egyptian non-lemma forms",
"Egyptian romanizations",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"egy:Divine epithets",
"egy:Royal epithets",
"egy:Titles"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "romanization"
},
"expansion": "nb",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Egyptian alternative transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative transliteration of nbw (“gold”)."
],
"links": [
[
"nbw",
"nbw#Egyptian"
]
],
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "nb"
}
Download raw JSONL data for nb meaning in Egyptian (13.6kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2530",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Egyptian]; cleaned text: # Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun. # From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural. In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns., style: font-size:80%; text-align: left;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"nb"
],
"section": "Egyptian",
"subsection": "determiner",
"title": "nb",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax",
"path": [
"nb"
],
"section": "Egyptian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "nb",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax",
"path": [
"nb"
],
"section": "Egyptian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "nb",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1896",
"msg": "Template nesting error: template_nesting = 1 couldn't split inflection templates, nb/Egyptian section inflection",
"path": [
"nb"
],
"section": "Egyptian",
"subsection": "determiner",
"title": "nb",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Egyptian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.