See klinker in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "klinker"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: klinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "klinker"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: klinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clinker",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: clinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: clinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Klinker",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Klinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "klenker",
"3": "klenku",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: klenker, klenku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: klenker, klenku"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "klinkert",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: klinkert",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: klinkert"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "clinker"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clinker",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "klinkert",
"t": "hard-fired brick"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klinken",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "klinken + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier klinckaerd, klinkert, from Middle Dutch clinker, clinkaert, related to Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”); equivalent to klinken + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"klin‧ker"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 29 5 30 21 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 23 4 43 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 35 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 40 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "klinkerweg"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clinker brick; (by extension) any kind of brick used for pavement"
],
"id": "en-klinker-nl-noun-17BYl-x8",
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
],
[
"pavement",
"pavement"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "klinkaard"
},
{
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "klinkerd"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɪŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-klinker.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg/Nl-klinker.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkər"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:klinker (klank)",
"nl:klinker (steen)"
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "medeklinker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "slotklinker"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "klinker"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: klinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "klinker",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: klinker"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klinken",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "klinken + -er",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "littera vocālis",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "sounding-letter"
},
"expansion": "calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”)",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "clinker",
"t": "announcer, crier"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier klincker, equivalent to klinken + -er, short for klinckletter (“sounding-letter”), a calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”). Compare Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"klin‧ker"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "nl:Phonetics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 29 5 30 21 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 40 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Dutch has five basic vowels: a, e, i, o, u.",
"text": "Het Nederlands heeft vijf basisklinkers: a, e, i, o, u.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The vowels in the word \"huis\" (house) are \"ui\".",
"text": "De klinkers in het woord \"huis\" zijn \"ui\".",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The linguist studies the different vowels in various languages.",
"text": "De taalkundige bestudeert de verschillende klinkers in verschillende talen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vowel"
],
"id": "en-klinker-nl-noun-WZgQacVq",
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) vowel"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klinkletter"
},
{
"word": "vocaal"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Orthography",
"orig": "nl:Orthography",
"parents": [
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 29 5 30 21 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 40 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)"
],
"id": "en-klinker-nl-noun-c9nLYr1D",
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon, orthography) vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klinkletter"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncommon"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɪŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-klinker.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg/Nl-klinker.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkər"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:klinker (klank)",
"nl:klinker (steen)"
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms calqued from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋkər",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋkər/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "klinkerweg"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "klinker"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: klinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "klinker"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: klinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clinker",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: clinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: clinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Klinker",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Klinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "klenker",
"3": "klenku",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: klenker, klenku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: klenker, klenku"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "klinkert",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: klinkert",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: klinkert"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "clinker"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clinker",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "klinkert",
"t": "hard-fired brick"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klinken",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "klinken + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier klinckaerd, klinkert, from Middle Dutch clinker, clinkaert, related to Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”); equivalent to klinken + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"klin‧ker"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"clinker brick; (by extension) any kind of brick used for pavement"
],
"links": [
[
"clinker",
"clinker"
],
[
"pavement",
"pavement"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɪŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-klinker.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg/Nl-klinker.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkər"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "klinkaard"
},
{
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "klinkerd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:klinker (klank)",
"nl:klinker (steen)"
],
"word": "klinker"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms calqued from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋkər",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋkər/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "medeklinker"
},
{
"word": "slotklinker"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "klinker"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: klinker"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "klinker",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: klinker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: klinker"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klinken",
"3": "-er",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "klinken + -er",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "littera vocālis",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "sounding-letter"
},
"expansion": "calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”)",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "clinker",
"t": "announcer, crier"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier klincker, equivalent to klinken + -er, short for klinckletter (“sounding-letter”), a calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”). Compare Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klinkers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "klinkertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"klin‧ker"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"nl:Phonetics"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Dutch has five basic vowels: a, e, i, o, u.",
"text": "Het Nederlands heeft vijf basisklinkers: a, e, i, o, u.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The vowels in the word \"huis\" (house) are \"ui\".",
"text": "De klinkers in het woord \"huis\" zijn \"ui\".",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The linguist studies the different vowels in various languages.",
"text": "De taalkundige bestudeert de verschillende klinkers in verschillende talen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) vowel"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klinkletter"
},
{
"word": "vocaal"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with uncommon senses",
"nl:Orthography"
],
"glosses": [
"vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)"
],
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon, orthography) vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "klinkletter"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncommon"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɪŋ.kər/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-klinker.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg/Nl-klinker.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-klinker.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkər"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:klinker (klank)",
"nl:klinker (steen)"
],
"word": "klinker"
}
Download raw JSONL data for klinker meaning in Dutch (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.