"kaak" meaning in Dutch

See kaak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /kaːk/ Audio: Nl-kaak.ogg Forms: kaken [plural], kaakje [diminutive, neuter]
Rhymes: -aːk Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *kekǭ, *kēkǭ, *kakǭ, *kaukǭ, *keukǭ (“jaw; palate; pharynx”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (“to chew”). Cognates Cognate with Saterland Frisian Sooke (“cheek”), West Frisian tsjeak (“jaw”), English cheek, Swedish käke (“jaw; jowl”), Norwegian kjake (“jaw”), Old Norse kók (“mouth; gullet”). Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*kekǭ}} Proto-Germanic *kekǭ, {{m|gem-pro|*kēkǭ}} *kēkǭ, {{m|gem-pro|*kakǭ}} *kakǭ, {{m|gem-pro|*kaukǭ}} *kaukǭ, {{m|gem-pro|*keukǭ|t=jaw; palate; pharynx}} *keukǭ (“jaw; palate; pharynx”), {{der|nl|ine-pro|*ǵyewh₁-|t=to chew}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (“to chew”), {{cog|stq|Sooke|t=cheek}} Saterland Frisian Sooke (“cheek”), {{cog|fy|tsjeak|t=jaw}} West Frisian tsjeak (“jaw”), {{cog|en|cheek}} English cheek, {{cog|sv|käke|t=jaw; jowl}} Swedish käke (“jaw; jowl”), {{cog|no|kjake|t=jaw}} Norwegian kjake (“jaw”), {{cog|non|kók|t=mouth; gullet}} Old Norse kók (“mouth; gullet”) Head templates: {{nl-noun|m|-en|kaakje|g2=f}} kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)
  1. jaw Tags: feminine, masculine Categories (topical): Body parts
    Sense id: en-kaak-nl-noun-9pXnGrOB
  2. cheek, cone Tags: feminine, masculine Categories (topical): Body parts
    Sense id: en-kaak-nl-noun-7B39A7J6
  3. gill Tags: feminine, masculine
    Sense id: en-kaak-nl-noun-jWqpRjCK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: bovenkaak, kaakbeen, kaakfractuur, kaakslag, onderkaak
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /kaːk/ Audio: Nl-kaak.ogg Forms: kaken [plural], kaakje [diminutive, neuter]
Rhymes: -aːk Etymology: From Middle Dutch kaeck (“scaffold”), of obscure origin with no clues outside of Germanic; the non-Indo-European structure of a potential reconstruction *gVg- (two voiced consonants) may indicate a borrowing from a pre-Indo-European substrate language. German kak is borrowed from Low German. Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|dum|kaeck|t=scaffold}} Middle Dutch kaeck (“scaffold”), {{m|ine-pro||*gVg-}} *gVg-, {{der|nl|qfa-sub|-}} substrate, {{cog|de|kak}} German kak Head templates: {{nl-noun|m|-en|kaakje|g2=f}} kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)
  1. pillory Tags: feminine, masculine Derived forms: aan de kaak stellen
    Sense id: en-kaak-nl-noun-nl:pillory
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /kaːk/ Audio: Nl-kaak.ogg Forms: kaken [plural], kaakje [diminutive, neuter]
Rhymes: -aːk Etymology: Borrowed from English cake. Doublet of cake. Etymology templates: {{bor|nl|en|cake}} English cake, {{doublet|nl|cake}} Doublet of cake Head templates: {{nl-noun|m|-en|kaakje|g2=f}} kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)
  1. ship biscuit Tags: feminine, masculine
    Sense id: en-kaak-nl-noun-SOc0ptH0 Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 0 5 0 2 41 35 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Verb

IPA: /kaːk/ Audio: Nl-kaak.ogg
Rhymes: -aːk Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|nl|verb form}} kaak
  1. inflection of kaken: Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: kaken
    Sense id: en-kaak-nl-verb-DdjGYS1L Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 0 5 0 2 41 35 16
  2. inflection of kaken: Tags: form-of, imperative Form of: kaken
    Sense id: en-kaak-nl-verb-BGJNZEnq Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 0 5 0 2 41 35 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for kaak meaning in Dutch (8.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bovenkaak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "kaakbeen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "kaakfractuur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "kaakslag"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "onderkaak"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dcr",
            "2": "kaak",
            "3": "kak",
            "4": "kaek"
          },
          "expansion": "Negerhollands: kaak, kak, kaek",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Negerhollands: kaak, kak, kaek"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vic",
            "2": "kak",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Virgin Islands Creole: kak",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dated"
          },
          "expansion": "(dated)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Virgin Islands Creole: kak (dated)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kekǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kekǭ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kēkǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "*kēkǭ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kakǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "*kakǭ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kaukǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "*kaukǭ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*keukǭ",
        "t": "jaw; palate; pharynx"
      },
      "expansion": "*keukǭ (“jaw; palate; pharynx”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵyewh₁-",
        "t": "to chew"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (“to chew”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Sooke",
        "t": "cheek"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Sooke (“cheek”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "tsjeak",
        "t": "jaw"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian tsjeak (“jaw”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cheek"
      },
      "expansion": "English cheek",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "käke",
        "t": "jaw; jowl"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish käke (“jaw; jowl”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "kjake",
        "t": "jaw"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian kjake (“jaw”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "kók",
        "t": "mouth; gullet"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse kók (“mouth; gullet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kekǭ, *kēkǭ, *kakǭ, *kaukǭ, *keukǭ (“jaw; palate; pharynx”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (“to chew”).\nCognates\nCognate with Saterland Frisian Sooke (“cheek”), West Frisian tsjeak (“jaw”), English cheek, Swedish käke (“jaw; jowl”), Norwegian kjake (“jaw”), Old Norse kók (“mouth; gullet”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaken",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaakje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "kaakje",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaak"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "nl",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "nl:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The dentist examined his jaw and found a small crack.",
          "text": "De tandarts onderzocht zijn kaak en constateerde een kleine scheur.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "jaw"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaak-nl-noun-9pXnGrOB",
      "links": [
        [
          "jaw",
          "jaw"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "nl",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "nl:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "She ate an ice cream and felt the cold on her cheeks.",
          "text": "Ze at een ijsje en voelde de kou op haar kaakjes.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cheek, cone"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaak-nl-noun-7B39A7J6",
      "links": [
        [
          "cheek",
          "cheek"
        ],
        [
          "cone",
          "cone"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The fish had beautiful red gills.",
          "text": "De vis had prachtige rode kaken",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gill"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaak-nl-noun-jWqpRjCK",
      "links": [
        [
          "gill",
          "gill"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg/Nl-kaak.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nl:kaak"
  ],
  "word": "kaak"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "kaeck",
        "t": "scaffold"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch kaeck (“scaffold”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*gVg-"
      },
      "expansion": "*gVg-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "qfa-sub",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kak"
      },
      "expansion": "German kak",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kaeck (“scaffold”), of obscure origin with no clues outside of Germanic; the non-Indo-European structure of a potential reconstruction *gVg- (two voiced consonants) may indicate a borrowing from a pre-Indo-European substrate language. German kak is borrowed from Low German.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaken",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaakje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "kaakje",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaak"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "aan de kaak stellen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pillory"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaak-nl-noun-nl:pillory",
      "links": [
        [
          "pillory",
          "pillory"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "nl:pillory"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg/Nl-kaak.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaak"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "cake"
      },
      "expansion": "English cake",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "cake"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of cake",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English cake. Doublet of cake.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaken",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaakje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "kaakje",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaak"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 0 2 41 35 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ship biscuit"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaak-nl-noun-SOc0ptH0",
      "links": [
        [
          "ship biscuit",
          "ship biscuit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg/Nl-kaak.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaak"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "kaak",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaak"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 0 2 41 35 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kaken"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of kaken:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaak-nl-verb-DdjGYS1L",
      "links": [
        [
          "kaken",
          "kaken#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of kaken:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 0 2 41 35 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kaken"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of kaken:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaak-nl-verb-BGJNZEnq",
      "links": [
        [
          "kaken",
          "kaken#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of kaken:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg/Nl-kaak.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaak"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch feminine nouns",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with multiple genders",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch palindromes",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/aːk",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/aːk/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bovenkaak"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaakbeen"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaakfractuur"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaakslag"
    },
    {
      "word": "onderkaak"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dcr",
            "2": "kaak",
            "3": "kak",
            "4": "kaek"
          },
          "expansion": "Negerhollands: kaak, kak, kaek",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Negerhollands: kaak, kak, kaek"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vic",
            "2": "kak",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Virgin Islands Creole: kak",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dated"
          },
          "expansion": "(dated)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Virgin Islands Creole: kak (dated)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kekǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kekǭ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kēkǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "*kēkǭ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kakǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "*kakǭ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kaukǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "*kaukǭ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*keukǭ",
        "t": "jaw; palate; pharynx"
      },
      "expansion": "*keukǭ (“jaw; palate; pharynx”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵyewh₁-",
        "t": "to chew"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (“to chew”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "Sooke",
        "t": "cheek"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian Sooke (“cheek”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "tsjeak",
        "t": "jaw"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian tsjeak (“jaw”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cheek"
      },
      "expansion": "English cheek",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "käke",
        "t": "jaw; jowl"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish käke (“jaw; jowl”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "kjake",
        "t": "jaw"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian kjake (“jaw”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "kók",
        "t": "mouth; gullet"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse kók (“mouth; gullet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kekǭ, *kēkǭ, *kakǭ, *kaukǭ, *keukǭ (“jaw; palate; pharynx”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (“to chew”).\nCognates\nCognate with Saterland Frisian Sooke (“cheek”), West Frisian tsjeak (“jaw”), English cheek, Swedish käke (“jaw; jowl”), Norwegian kjake (“jaw”), Old Norse kók (“mouth; gullet”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaken",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaakje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "kaakje",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaak"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch terms with usage examples",
        "nl:Body parts"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The dentist examined his jaw and found a small crack.",
          "text": "De tandarts onderzocht zijn kaak en constateerde een kleine scheur.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "jaw"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jaw",
          "jaw"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch terms with usage examples",
        "nl:Body parts"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "She ate an ice cream and felt the cold on her cheeks.",
          "text": "Ze at een ijsje en voelde de kou op haar kaakjes.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cheek, cone"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cheek",
          "cheek"
        ],
        [
          "cone",
          "cone"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The fish had beautiful red gills.",
          "text": "De vis had prachtige rode kaken",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gill"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gill",
          "gill"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg/Nl-kaak.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nl:kaak"
  ],
  "word": "kaak"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch feminine nouns",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with multiple genders",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch palindromes",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from substrate languages",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/aːk",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/aːk/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "aan de kaak stellen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "kaeck",
        "t": "scaffold"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch kaeck (“scaffold”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*gVg-"
      },
      "expansion": "*gVg-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "qfa-sub",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kak"
      },
      "expansion": "German kak",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kaeck (“scaffold”), of obscure origin with no clues outside of Germanic; the non-Indo-European structure of a potential reconstruction *gVg- (two voiced consonants) may indicate a borrowing from a pre-Indo-European substrate language. German kak is borrowed from Low German.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaken",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaakje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "kaakje",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaak"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pillory"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pillory",
          "pillory"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "nl:pillory"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg/Nl-kaak.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaak"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch doublets",
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch feminine nouns",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with multiple genders",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch palindromes",
    "Dutch terms borrowed from English",
    "Dutch terms derived from English",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/aːk",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/aːk/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "cake"
      },
      "expansion": "English cake",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "cake"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of cake",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English cake. Doublet of cake.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaken",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaakje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "kaakje",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "kaak m or f (plural kaken, diminutive kaakje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaak"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ship biscuit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ship biscuit",
          "ship biscuit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg/Nl-kaak.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaak"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch palindromes",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/aːk",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/aːk/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "kaak",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaak"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kaken"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of kaken:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kaken",
          "kaken#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of kaken:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kaken"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of kaken:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kaken",
          "kaken#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of kaken:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaːk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aːk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg/Nl-kaak.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Nl-kaak.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaak"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.