See graaf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for graaf meaning in Dutch (7.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: grave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: grave"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grâve"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grâve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "grāvo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch grāvo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*garāfijō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grâve, from Old Dutch grāvo, from Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "graven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graafje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "gravin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "graafje",
"f": "gravin"
},
"expansion": "graaf m (plural graven, diminutive graafje n, feminine gravin)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 34 4 40 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "nl:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "burggraaf"
},
{
"word": "dijkgraaf"
},
{
"word": "graafschap"
},
{
"word": "gravin"
},
{
"word": "markgraaf"
},
{
"word": "paltsgraaf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"earl, count"
],
"id": "en-graaf-nl-noun-DtP5BjZ5",
"links": [
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"count",
"count"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "grafen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graafje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "graafje"
},
"expansion": "graaf m (plural grafen, diminutive graafje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Graph theory",
"orig": "nl:Graph theory",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Visualization",
"Formal sciences",
"Computing",
"Interdisciplinary fields",
"Sciences",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"graph"
],
"id": "en-graaf-nl-noun-7vk-HRRI",
"links": [
[
"graph theory",
"graph theory"
],
[
"graph",
"graph"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(graph theory) graph"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"graph-theory",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "grave",
"4": "",
"5": "serious, grave"
},
"expansion": "French grave (“serious, grave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "erg"
},
"expansion": "erg",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French grave (“serious, grave”). Most likely influenced by Dutch erg which can mean \"serious, grave\" as well as \"very\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "graafer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "graafst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graaf (comparative graafer, superlative graafst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belgian Dutch",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Skateboarden is graver dan inline-skaten! — Skateboarding is cooler than inline skating!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cool (in the sense of nice or impressive)"
],
"id": "en-graaf-nl-adj-DdDtz4al",
"links": [
[
"cool",
"cool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, Belgium) cool (in the sense of nice or impressive)"
],
"tags": [
"Belgium",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "grave",
"4": "",
"5": "serious, grave"
},
"expansion": "French grave (“serious, grave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "erg"
},
"expansion": "erg",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French grave (“serious, grave”). Most likely influenced by Dutch erg which can mean \"serious, grave\" as well as \"very\".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graaf",
"name": "nl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belgian Dutch",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "That's very expensive.",
"text": "Dat is graaf duur."
}
],
"glosses": [
"very"
],
"id": "en-graaf-nl-adv-TGpIOfg9",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, Belgium) very"
],
"tags": [
"Belgium",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "graaf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 1 3 9 58 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 6 13 49 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 34 4 40 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "nl:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "graven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of graven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-graaf-nl-verb-FSE0DbQR",
"links": [
[
"graven",
"graven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of graven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 34 4 40 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "nl:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "graven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of graven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-graaf-nl-verb-HE2ZaQTY",
"links": [
[
"graven",
"graven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of graven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Nobility"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "burggraaf"
},
{
"word": "dijkgraaf"
},
{
"word": "graafschap"
},
{
"word": "gravin"
},
{
"word": "markgraaf"
},
{
"word": "paltsgraaf"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: grave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: grave"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grâve"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grâve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "grāvo"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch grāvo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*garāfijō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grâve, from Old Dutch grāvo, from Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "graven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graafje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "gravin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "graafje",
"f": "gravin"
},
"expansion": "graaf m (plural graven, diminutive graafje n, feminine gravin)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"earl, count"
],
"links": [
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"count",
"count"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Nobility"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "grafen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graafje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "graafje"
},
"expansion": "graaf m (plural grafen, diminutive graafje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"nl:Graph theory"
],
"glosses": [
"graph"
],
"links": [
[
"graph theory",
"graph theory"
],
[
"graph",
"graph"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(graph theory) graph"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"graph-theory",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch adverbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms derived from French",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Nobility"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "grave",
"4": "",
"5": "serious, grave"
},
"expansion": "French grave (“serious, grave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "erg"
},
"expansion": "erg",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French grave (“serious, grave”). Most likely influenced by Dutch erg which can mean \"serious, grave\" as well as \"very\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "graafer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "graafst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graaf (comparative graafer, superlative graafst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Belgian Dutch",
"Dutch slang"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Skateboarden is graver dan inline-skaten! — Skateboarding is cooler than inline skating!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cool (in the sense of nice or impressive)"
],
"links": [
[
"cool",
"cool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, Belgium) cool (in the sense of nice or impressive)"
],
"tags": [
"Belgium",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch adverbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms derived from French",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Nobility"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "grave",
"4": "",
"5": "serious, grave"
},
"expansion": "French grave (“serious, grave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "erg"
},
"expansion": "erg",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French grave (“serious, grave”). Most likely influenced by Dutch erg which can mean \"serious, grave\" as well as \"very\".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graaf",
"name": "nl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Belgian Dutch",
"Dutch slang"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "That's very expensive.",
"text": "Dat is graaf duur."
}
],
"glosses": [
"very"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, Belgium) very"
],
"tags": [
"Belgium",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Nobility"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "graaf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"graaf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "graven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of graven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"graven",
"graven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of graven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "graven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of graven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"graven",
"graven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of graven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣraːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-graaf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg/Nl-graaf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Nl-graaf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "graaf"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.