See dunken in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bedunken"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dunk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "goeddunken"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "dunken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch dunken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "thunken"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch thunken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þunkijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þunkijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þunkijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þunkijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch dunken, from Old Dutch thunken, from Proto-West Germanic *þunkijan, from Proto-Germanic *þunkijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk-cht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dochten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dunke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dochte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dochten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gedocht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dunken",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"dun",
"ken"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dunk",
"2": "",
"3": "do"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk-cht"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch weak verbs (-cht)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to think, to consider"
],
"id": "en-dunken-nl-verb-cce~Dr-t",
"links": [
[
"think",
"think"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to think, to consider"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch weak verbs (-cht)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to seem"
],
"id": "en-dunken-nl-verb-4rGVJ1Yi",
"links": [
[
"seem",
"seem"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) to seem"
],
"tags": [
"copulative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʏŋkə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-dunken.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-dunken.ogg/Nl-dunken.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-dunken.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏŋkən"
}
],
"word": "dunken"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "en",
"3": "dunk"
},
"expansion": "English dunk",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English dunk.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dunke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gedunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dunken",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"dun",
"ken"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dunk"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Basketball",
"orig": "nl:Basketball",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 60 12 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 61 12 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to dunk"
],
"id": "en-dunken-nl-verb-gQM-1zGv",
"links": [
[
"basketball",
"basketball"
],
[
"dunk",
"dunk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, basketball) to dunk"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"basketball",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʏŋkə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-dunken.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-dunken.ogg/Nl-dunken.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-dunken.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏŋkən"
}
],
"word": "dunken"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms borrowed from English",
"Dutch terms derived from English",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs (-cht)",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ʏŋkən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ʏŋkən/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bedunken"
},
{
"word": "dunk"
},
{
"word": "goeddunken"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "dunken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch dunken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "thunken"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch thunken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þunkijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þunkijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þunkijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þunkijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch dunken, from Old Dutch thunken, from Proto-West Germanic *þunkijan, from Proto-Germanic *þunkijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk-cht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "docht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dochten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dunke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dochte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dochten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gedocht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dunken",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"dun",
"ken"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dunk",
"2": "",
"3": "do"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk-cht"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch impersonal verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to think, to consider"
],
"links": [
[
"think",
"think"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to think, to consider"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch copulative verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to seem"
],
"links": [
[
"seem",
"seem"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) to seem"
],
"tags": [
"copulative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʏŋkə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-dunken.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-dunken.ogg/Nl-dunken.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-dunken.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏŋkən"
}
],
"word": "dunken"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms borrowed from English",
"Dutch terms derived from English",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ʏŋkən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ʏŋkən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "en",
"3": "dunk"
},
"expansion": "English dunk",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English dunk.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dunke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunken",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dunk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunkend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gedunkt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dunken",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"dun",
"ken"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dunk"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch transitive verbs",
"nl:Basketball"
],
"glosses": [
"to dunk"
],
"links": [
[
"basketball",
"basketball"
],
[
"dunk",
"dunk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, basketball) to dunk"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"basketball",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʏŋkə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-dunken.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Nl-dunken.ogg/Nl-dunken.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Nl-dunken.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏŋkən"
}
],
"word": "dunken"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dunken meaning in Dutch (8.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.