"boer" meaning in Dutch

See boer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /buːr/ Audio: Nl-boer.ogg Forms: boeren [plural], boertje [diminutive, neuter], boerin [feminine]
Rhymes: -ur Etymology: From Middle Dutch bure, from Old Dutch *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būraz (“dweller, inhabitant”), thus originally the same as modern buur (“neighbour”). The form boer is that of many eastern dialects including Limburgish, where Germanic -ū- has been retained as a back vowel. In early modern Dutch these two dialectal forms were adopted as semantically distinguished words. Cognate to Old English būr, ġebūr (whence English bower) and Old High German būr (whence German Bauer). Etymology templates: {{root|nl|ine-pro|*bʰuH-}}, {{inh|nl|dum|bure}} Middle Dutch bure, {{inh|nl|odt|*būr}} Old Dutch *būr, {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*būraz||dweller, inhabitant}} Proto-Germanic *būraz (“dweller, inhabitant”), {{m|nl|buur||neighbour}} buur (“neighbour”), {{cog|li|-}} Limburgish, {{cog|ang|būr}} Old English būr, {{m|ang|ġebūr}} ġebūr, {{m|en|bower}} bower, {{m|goh|būr}} būr, {{m|de|Bauer}} Bauer Head templates: {{nl-noun|m|-en|boertje|f=boerin}} boer m (plural boeren, diminutive boertje n, feminine boerin)
  1. A (male) farmer, peasant. Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Occupations Synonyms: bouwman
    Sense id: en-boer-nl-noun-m7L9817G
  2. A boor, yokel, ruffian, rustic. Tags: masculine Synonyms: boerenpummel
    Sense id: en-boer-nl-noun-POANIk-H
  3. (in compounds) A merchant (and sometimes producer) of a certain product group, mainly foods, often named after it, e.g. melkboer 'milkman', groenteboer '(male) greengrocer' Tags: in-compounds, masculine
    Sense id: en-boer-nl-noun-Ewae9AUT
  4. A jack (playing card). Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-boer-nl-noun-H4CjSMCi
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: bouwer
Etymology number: 1 Derived forms: aardappelboer, bioboer, Boer, boerachtig, boerderij, boerenbedrieger, boerenbedrog, boerenbond, boerenbrood, boerendeur, boerenfluit, boerengat, boerenjaar, boerenjongen, boerenkaas, boerenkinkel, boerenknecht, boerenkool, boerenland, boerenlatijn, boerenmarkt, boerenomelet, boerenplaats, boerenpummel, boerenslimheid, boerenstand, boerenstiel, boerenverstand, boerenworst, boerenzoon, boerenzwaluw, boers, boerte, groenteboer, hartenboer, herenboer, herenboerderij, keuterboer, klaverboer, melkboer, platenboer, ruitenboer, schoppenboer, veeboer, visboer, voddenboer, wat de boer niet kent, dat eet hij niet, boeren

Noun

IPA: /buːr/ Audio: Nl-boer.ogg Forms: boeren [plural], boertje [diminutive, neuter]
Rhymes: -ur Etymology: Originally onomatopoeic, as is English burp. The perception of farmers (etymology 1) as being mannerless people has probably played a secondary role, too. The same in German Bäuerchen. Etymology templates: {{onomatopoeic|nl|nocap=1}} onomatopoeic, {{m|en|burp}} burp, {{m|de|Bäuerchen}} Bäuerchen Head templates: {{nl-noun|m|-en|boertje}} boer m (plural boeren, diminutive boertje n)
  1. A belch, a burp. Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-boer-nl-noun-5E1kTfxa Categories (other): Dutch onomatopoeias
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: boeren
Etymology number: 2

Verb

IPA: /buːr/ Audio: Nl-boer.ogg
Rhymes: -ur Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|nl|verb form}} boer
  1. inflection of boeren: Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: boeren
    Sense id: en-boer-nl-verb-hCzSU7YQ Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 5 1 9 22 1 42 19
  2. inflection of boeren: Tags: form-of, imperative Form of: boeren
    Sense id: en-boer-nl-verb-OkFxGtwh
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for boer meaning in Dutch (9.6kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "aardappelboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bioboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Boer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerachtig"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerderij"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenbedrieger"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenbedrog"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenbond"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenbrood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerendeur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenfluit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerengat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenjaar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenjongen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenkaas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenkinkel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenknecht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenkool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenland"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenlatijn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenmarkt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenomelet"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenplaats"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenpummel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenslimheid"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenstand"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenstiel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenverstand"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenworst"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenzoon"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerenzwaluw"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boers"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boerte"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "groenteboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hartenboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "herenboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "herenboerderij"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "keuterboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "klaverboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "melkboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "platenboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ruitenboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "schoppenboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "veeboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "visboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "voddenboer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "wat de boer niet kent, dat eet hij niet"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boeren"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "boer"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: boer\n→ English: Boer",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Afrikaans: boer\n→ English: Boer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-jdt",
            "2": "bûr"
          },
          "expansion": "Jersey Dutch: bûr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Jersey Dutch: bûr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "boor",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: boor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: boor"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "srn",
            "2": "buru",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: buru\n→ Caribbean Javanese: bulman, bulmang, buru\n→ Dutch: boeroe",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Sranan Tongo: buru\n→ Caribbean Javanese: bulman, bulmang, buru\n→ Dutch: boeroe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰuH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "bure"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch bure",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*būr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *būr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*būraz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dweller, inhabitant"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *būraz (“dweller, inhabitant”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "buur",
        "3": "",
        "4": "neighbour"
      },
      "expansion": "buur (“neighbour”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "li",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Limburgish",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "būr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English būr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ġebūr"
      },
      "expansion": "ġebūr",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "bower"
      },
      "expansion": "bower",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "būr"
      },
      "expansion": "būr",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Bauer"
      },
      "expansion": "Bauer",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bure, from Old Dutch *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būraz (“dweller, inhabitant”), thus originally the same as modern buur (“neighbour”). The form boer is that of many eastern dialects including Limburgish, where Germanic -ū- has been retained as a back vowel. In early modern Dutch these two dialectal forms were adopted as semantically distinguished words. Cognate to Old English būr, ġebūr (whence English bower) and Old High German būr (whence German Bauer).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "boeren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boertje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boerin",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "boertje",
        "f": "boerin"
      },
      "expansion": "boer m (plural boeren, diminutive boertje n, feminine boerin)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "boer"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "nl",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "nl:Occupations",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A (male) farmer, peasant."
      ],
      "id": "en-boer-nl-noun-m7L9817G",
      "links": [
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "farmer",
          "farmer"
        ],
        [
          "peasant",
          "peasant"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bouwman"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A boor, yokel, ruffian, rustic."
      ],
      "id": "en-boer-nl-noun-POANIk-H",
      "links": [
        [
          "boor",
          "boor"
        ],
        [
          "yokel",
          "yokel"
        ],
        [
          "ruffian",
          "ruffian"
        ],
        [
          "rustic",
          "rustic"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "boerenpummel"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A merchant (and sometimes producer) of a certain product group, mainly foods, often named after it, e.g. melkboer 'milkman', groenteboer '(male) greengrocer'"
      ],
      "id": "en-boer-nl-noun-Ewae9AUT",
      "links": [
        [
          "merchant",
          "merchant"
        ],
        [
          "melkboer",
          "melkboer"
        ],
        [
          "milkman",
          "milkman"
        ],
        [
          "groenteboer",
          "groenteboer"
        ],
        [
          "greengrocer",
          "greengrocer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in compounds) A merchant (and sometimes producer) of a certain product group, mainly foods, often named after it, e.g. melkboer 'milkman', groenteboer '(male) greengrocer'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A jack (playing card)."
      ],
      "id": "en-boer-nl-noun-H4CjSMCi",
      "links": [
        [
          "jack",
          "jack"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/buːr/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ur"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Boer"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-boer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg/Nl-boer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bouwer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "boer"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "boeren"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "onomatopoeic",
      "name": "onomatopoeic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "burp"
      },
      "expansion": "burp",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Bäuerchen"
      },
      "expansion": "Bäuerchen",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally onomatopoeic, as is English burp. The perception of farmers (etymology 1) as being mannerless people has probably played a secondary role, too. The same in German Bäuerchen.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "boeren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boertje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "boertje"
      },
      "expansion": "boer m (plural boeren, diminutive boertje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "boer"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch onomatopoeias",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A belch, a burp."
      ],
      "id": "en-boer-nl-noun-5E1kTfxa",
      "links": [
        [
          "belch",
          "belch"
        ],
        [
          "burp",
          "burp"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/buːr/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ur"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Boer"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-boer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg/Nl-boer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "boer"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "boer",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "boer"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 1 9 22 1 42 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "boeren"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of boeren:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-boer-nl-verb-hCzSU7YQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "boeren",
          "boeren#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of boeren:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "boeren"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of boeren:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-boer-nl-verb-OkFxGtwh",
      "links": [
        [
          "boeren",
          "boeren#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of boeren:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/buːr/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ur"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Boer"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-boer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg/Nl-boer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "boer"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links",
    "Dutch terms with homophones",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ur",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ur/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "aardappelboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "bioboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "Boer"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerachtig"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerderij"
    },
    {
      "word": "boeren"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenbedrieger"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenbedrog"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenbond"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenbrood"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerendeur"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenfluit"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerengat"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenjaar"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenjongen"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenkaas"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenkinkel"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenknecht"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenkool"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenland"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenlatijn"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenmarkt"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenomelet"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenplaats"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenpummel"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenslimheid"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenstand"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenstiel"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenverstand"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenworst"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenzoon"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenzwaluw"
    },
    {
      "word": "boers"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerte"
    },
    {
      "word": "groenteboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "hartenboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "herenboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "herenboerderij"
    },
    {
      "word": "keuterboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "klaverboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "melkboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "platenboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruitenboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "schoppenboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "veeboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "visboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "voddenboer"
    },
    {
      "word": "wat de boer niet kent, dat eet hij niet"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "boer"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: boer\n→ English: Boer",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Afrikaans: boer\n→ English: Boer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-jdt",
            "2": "bûr"
          },
          "expansion": "Jersey Dutch: bûr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Jersey Dutch: bûr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "boor",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: boor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: boor"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "srn",
            "2": "buru",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: buru\n→ Caribbean Javanese: bulman, bulmang, buru\n→ Dutch: boeroe",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Sranan Tongo: buru\n→ Caribbean Javanese: bulman, bulmang, buru\n→ Dutch: boeroe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰuH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "bure"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch bure",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*būr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *būr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*būraz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dweller, inhabitant"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *būraz (“dweller, inhabitant”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "buur",
        "3": "",
        "4": "neighbour"
      },
      "expansion": "buur (“neighbour”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "li",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Limburgish",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "būr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English būr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ġebūr"
      },
      "expansion": "ġebūr",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "bower"
      },
      "expansion": "bower",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "būr"
      },
      "expansion": "būr",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Bauer"
      },
      "expansion": "Bauer",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bure, from Old Dutch *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būraz (“dweller, inhabitant”), thus originally the same as modern buur (“neighbour”). The form boer is that of many eastern dialects including Limburgish, where Germanic -ū- has been retained as a back vowel. In early modern Dutch these two dialectal forms were adopted as semantically distinguished words. Cognate to Old English būr, ġebūr (whence English bower) and Old High German būr (whence German Bauer).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "boeren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boertje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boerin",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "boertje",
        "f": "boerin"
      },
      "expansion": "boer m (plural boeren, diminutive boertje n, feminine boerin)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "boer"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "nl:Occupations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A (male) farmer, peasant."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "male",
          "male"
        ],
        [
          "farmer",
          "farmer"
        ],
        [
          "peasant",
          "peasant"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bouwman"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A boor, yokel, ruffian, rustic."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "boor",
          "boor"
        ],
        [
          "yokel",
          "yokel"
        ],
        [
          "ruffian",
          "ruffian"
        ],
        [
          "rustic",
          "rustic"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "boerenpummel"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A merchant (and sometimes producer) of a certain product group, mainly foods, often named after it, e.g. melkboer 'milkman', groenteboer '(male) greengrocer'"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "merchant",
          "merchant"
        ],
        [
          "melkboer",
          "melkboer"
        ],
        [
          "milkman",
          "milkman"
        ],
        [
          "groenteboer",
          "groenteboer"
        ],
        [
          "greengrocer",
          "greengrocer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in compounds) A merchant (and sometimes producer) of a certain product group, mainly foods, often named after it, e.g. melkboer 'milkman', groenteboer '(male) greengrocer'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A jack (playing card)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jack",
          "jack"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/buːr/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ur"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Boer"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-boer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg/Nl-boer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bouwer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "boer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch onomatopoeias",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links",
    "Dutch terms with homophones",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ur",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ur/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "boeren"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "onomatopoeic",
      "name": "onomatopoeic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "burp"
      },
      "expansion": "burp",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Bäuerchen"
      },
      "expansion": "Bäuerchen",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally onomatopoeic, as is English burp. The perception of farmers (etymology 1) as being mannerless people has probably played a secondary role, too. The same in German Bäuerchen.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "boeren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boertje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "boertje"
      },
      "expansion": "boer m (plural boeren, diminutive boertje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "boer"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A belch, a burp."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "belch",
          "belch"
        ],
        [
          "burp",
          "burp"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/buːr/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ur"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Boer"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-boer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg/Nl-boer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "boer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links",
    "Dutch terms with homophones",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ur",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ur/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "boer",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "boer"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "boeren"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of boeren:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "boeren",
          "boeren#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of boeren:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "boeren"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of boeren:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "boeren",
          "boeren#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of boeren:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/buːr/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ur"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Boer"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-boer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg/Nl-boer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Nl-boer.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "boer"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.