See afhouden in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "hou af",
"3": "how af"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: hou af, how af",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: hou af, how af"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "hou af",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: hou af",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: hou af (dated)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "afhouden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch afhouden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "af",
"3": "houden"
},
"expansion": "af + houden",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch afhouden. Equivalent to af + houden.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular separable strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "7",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "afhouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "afhouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hou af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houd af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hield af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"main-clause",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "afhou",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoud",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhield",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hou af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houd af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hield af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhield",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hield af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"main-clause",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhield",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"main-clause",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieldt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"main-clause",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieldt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"main-clause",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhieldt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhieldt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hield af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "afhield",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houden af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hielden af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "afhouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhielden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houde af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hielde af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"main-clause",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoude",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhielde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houden af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"main-clause",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hielden af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"main-clause",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "afhouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhielden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "hou af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houd af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"main-clause",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "afgehouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "afhouden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"af‧hou‧den"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "houd",
"2": "hield",
"3": "houden",
"class": "7",
"sep": "af"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to bar, to keep away"
],
"id": "en-afhouden-nl-verb-W8Ec0JnP",
"links": [
[
"bar",
"bar"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to bar, to keep away"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to avoid [with van], to avoid being involved"
],
"id": "en-afhouden-nl-verb-IZtigizS",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": ":van"
},
"expansion": "[with van]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"van"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": ":van<in>"
},
"expansion": "[with van ‘in’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"van",
"‘in’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"avoid",
"avoid"
],
[
"involve",
"involve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) to avoid [with van], to avoid being involved [with van ‘in’]"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 2 55 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 54 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch separable verbs with af",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 53 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 59 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep one's distance, to stay at a distance"
],
"id": "en-afhouden-nl-verb-xLGp2DUW",
"links": [
[
"keep one's distance",
"keep one's distance"
],
[
"stay",
"stay"
],
[
"distance",
"distance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive, intransitive) to keep one's distance, to stay at a distance"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Field hockey",
"orig": "nl:Field hockey",
"parents": [
"Hockey",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to obstruct, to use a hockey stick to block an opponent's access to the hockey ball"
],
"id": "en-afhouden-nl-verb-jdiqQh4i",
"links": [
[
"field hockey",
"field hockey"
],
[
"obstruct",
"obstruct"
],
[
"hockey stick",
"hockey stick"
],
[
"block",
"block"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
]
],
"qualifier": "field hockey",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, field hockey) to obstruct, to use a hockey stick to block an opponent's access to the hockey ball"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑfˌɦɑu̯.də(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-afhouden.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/Nl-afhouden.ogg/Nl-afhouden.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Nl-afhouden.ogg"
}
],
"word": "afhouden"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch class 7 strong verbs",
"Dutch compound terms",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch irregular strong verbs",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch separable verbs",
"Dutch separable verbs with af",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "hou af",
"3": "how af"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: hou af, how af",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: hou af, how af"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "hou af",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: hou af",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: hou af (dated)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "afhouden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch afhouden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "af",
"3": "houden"
},
"expansion": "af + houden",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch afhouden. Equivalent to af + houden.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular separable strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "7",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "afhouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "afhouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hou af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houd af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hield af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"main-clause",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "afhou",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoud",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhield",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hou af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houd af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hield af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhield",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hield af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"main-clause",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhield",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"main-clause",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"main-clause",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieldt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"main-clause",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hieldt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"main-clause",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhieldt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhieldt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hield af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "afhield",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subordinate-clause",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "houden af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hielden af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "afhouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhielden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houde af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hielde af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"main-clause",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoude",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhielde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "houden af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"main-clause",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hielden af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"main-clause",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "afhouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "afhielden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"subordinate-clause"
]
},
{
"form": "hou af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houd af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"main-clause",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "houdt af",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"main-clause",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "afhoudend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "afgehouden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"main-clause",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "afhouden",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"af‧hou‧den"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "houd",
"2": "hield",
"3": "houden",
"class": "7",
"sep": "af"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to bar, to keep away"
],
"links": [
[
"bar",
"bar"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to bar, to keep away"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to avoid [with van], to avoid being involved"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": ":van"
},
"expansion": "[with van]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"van"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": ":van<in>"
},
"expansion": "[with van ‘in’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"van",
"‘in’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"avoid",
"avoid"
],
[
"involve",
"involve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) to avoid [with van], to avoid being involved [with van ‘in’]"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep one's distance, to stay at a distance"
],
"links": [
[
"keep one's distance",
"keep one's distance"
],
[
"stay",
"stay"
],
[
"distance",
"distance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive, intransitive) to keep one's distance, to stay at a distance"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch transitive verbs",
"nl:Field hockey"
],
"glosses": [
"to obstruct, to use a hockey stick to block an opponent's access to the hockey ball"
],
"links": [
[
"field hockey",
"field hockey"
],
[
"obstruct",
"obstruct"
],
[
"hockey stick",
"hockey stick"
],
[
"block",
"block"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
]
],
"qualifier": "field hockey",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, field hockey) to obstruct, to use a hockey stick to block an opponent's access to the hockey ball"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑfˌɦɑu̯.də(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-afhouden.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/Nl-afhouden.ogg/Nl-afhouden.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Nl-afhouden.ogg"
}
],
"word": "afhouden"
}
Download raw JSONL data for afhouden meaning in Dutch (8.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.