-isch in Dutch

IPA: /is/, /ɪs/ (note: Some southern dialects) [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: Borrowed from German -isch. The native Dutch cognates are -s, earlier -sch. The pronunciation /is/ is due to an earlier pronunciation standard, by which all German vowels were to be tense. (The contemporary German standard pronunciation is /ɪʃ/). More at -ish. Etymology templates: {{bor|nl|de|-isch}} German -isch, {{m|nl|-s}} -s, {{m|nl|-sch}} -sch, {{l|en|-ish}} -ish Head templates: {{head|nl|suffix|cat2=adjective-forming suffixes}} -isch Inflection templates: {{nl-decl-adj}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -isch [adverbial, positive, predicative], -ischer [adverbial, comparative, predicative], het -ischt [adverbial, predicative, superlative], het -ischte [adverbial, predicative, superlative], -ische [feminine, indefinite, masculine, positive, singular], -ischere [comparative, feminine, indefinite, masculine, singular], -ischte [feminine, indefinite, masculine, singular, superlative], -isch [indefinite, neuter, positive, singular], -ischer [comparative, indefinite, neuter, singular], -ischte [indefinite, neuter, singular, superlative], -ische [indefinite, plural, positive], -ischere [comparative, indefinite, plural], -ischte [indefinite, plural, superlative], -ische [definite, positive], -ischere [comparative, definite], -ischte [definite, superlative], -isch [partitive, positive], -ischers [comparative, partitive], - [partitive, superlative]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
      "parents": [
        "Entries with incorrect language header",
        "Entry maintenance"
      ],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
      "parents": [
        "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
        "Entry maintenance"
      ],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Dutch terms with redundant sortkeys",
      "parents": [
        "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Entry maintenance"
      ],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "-ies"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: -ies",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Afrikaans: -ies"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "id",
            "2": "-is",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Indonesian: -is",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Indonesian: -is"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "-isch"
      },
      "expansion": "German -isch",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-s"
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-sch"
      },
      "expansion": "-sch",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-ish"
      },
      "expansion": "-ish",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from German -isch. The native Dutch cognates are -s, earlier -sch. The pronunciation /is/ is due to an earlier pronunciation standard, by which all German vowels were to be tense. (The contemporary German standard pronunciation is /ɪʃ/). More at -ish.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "positive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischer",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "comparative",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het -ischt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het -ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ische",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischer",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ische",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ische",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischers",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-isch",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "nl-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "fantastic",
          "text": "fantastisch",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-ic"
      ],
      "id": "en--isch-nl-suffix-tqYHRL2y",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ic",
          "-ic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "utopian",
          "text": "utopisch",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-ian"
      ],
      "id": "en--isch-nl-suffix-Oasokk93",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ian",
          "-ian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/is/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪs/",
      "note": "Some southern dialects"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-isch"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch adjective-forming suffixes",
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch suffixes",
    "Dutch terms borrowed from German",
    "Dutch terms derived from German",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "-ies"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: -ies",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Afrikaans: -ies"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "id",
            "2": "-is",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Indonesian: -is",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Indonesian: -is"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "-isch"
      },
      "expansion": "German -isch",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-s"
      },
      "expansion": "-s",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-sch"
      },
      "expansion": "-sch",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-ish"
      },
      "expansion": "-ish",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from German -isch. The native Dutch cognates are -s, earlier -sch. The pronunciation /is/ is due to an earlier pronunciation standard, by which all German vowels were to be tense. (The contemporary German standard pronunciation is /ɪʃ/). More at -ish.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "positive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischer",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "comparative",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het -ischt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het -ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ische",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischer",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ische",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ische",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischere",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ischers",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-isch",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "nl-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "fantastic",
          "text": "fantastisch",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-ic"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ic",
          "-ic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "utopian",
          "text": "utopisch",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-ian"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ian",
          "-ian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/is/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪs/",
      "note": "Some southern dialects"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-isch"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"-isch" meaning in Dutch

Suffix