"枯燥" meaning in Chinese

See 枯燥 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /fuː⁵⁵ t͡sʰou̯³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sau̯²⁴/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kɔ³³ so⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kua⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kua⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/, /fuː⁵⁵ t͡sʰou̯³³/, /kʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sau̯²⁴/, /kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/, /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/, /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/, /kɔ³³ so⁴¹/, /kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/, /kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/, /kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/, /kua⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/, /kua⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/ Chinese transliterations: kūzào [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄎㄨ ㄗㄠˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], fu¹ cou³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khû-châu [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], ko͘-sò, kho͘-sò, koa-sò, kūzào [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], kuzào [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], kʻu¹-tsao⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], kū-dzàu [Mandarin, Yale], kutzaw [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], куцзао [Mandarin, Palladius], kuczao [Mandarin, Palladius], fū chou [Cantonese, Yale], fu¹ tsou³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], fu¹ cou³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], khû-châu [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], ku^ˊ zau^ˊ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], ku¹ zau¹ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], ko͘-sò [Hokkien, POJ], koo-sò [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kosoix [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kho͘-sò [Hokkien, POJ], khoo-sò [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qosoix [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], koa-sò [Hokkien, POJ], kua-sò [Hokkien, Tai-lo], koasoix [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 枯燥
  1. boring; dull; tedious
    Sense id: en-枯燥-zh-adj-rwNn6LaE
  2. withered; dried up Synonyms (withered): 乾枯 (gānkū), 干枯 (gānkū)
    Sense id: en-枯燥-zh-adj-5BbYk2C9 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 8 92 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 100 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 100 Disambiguation of 'withered': 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 乏味 (fáwèi), 乾燥 (gānzào), 干燥 (gānzào), 乾癟 (gānbiě) (english: of writing), 干瘪 (gānbiě) (english: of writing), [Hokkien, Teochew], 單一 (dānyī), 单一 (dānyī), 單調 (dāndiào), 单调 (dāndiào), 枯索 (kūsuǒ) [literary], 沒趣 (méiqù), 没趣 (méiqù), 無俗 [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Xiamen], 无俗 [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Xiamen], 無味 (wúwèi), 无味 (wúwèi), 無局 [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Xiamen], 无局 [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Xiamen], 無想俗 [Hokkien, Quanzhou], 无想俗 [Hokkien, Quanzhou], 無聊 (wúliáo), 无聊 (wúliáo), 無藝 [Hokkien, Taiwanese-Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou-Hokkien], 无艺 [Hokkien, Taiwanese-Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou-Hokkien], 無藝量 [Hokkien, Taiwanese-Hokkien, Xiamen], 无艺量 [Hokkien, Taiwanese-Hokkien, Xiamen], 無趣 (wúqù), 无趣 (wúqù)
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "yǒuqù",
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “boring”",
      "word": "有趣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǒuyìsi",
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “boring”",
      "word": "有意思"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "枯燥"
          },
          "expansion": "枯燥",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "枯燥",
            "2": "こそう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "枯燥(こそう) (kosō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "枯燥",
            "2": "こそう",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "枯燥",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "枯燥",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "枯燥",
            "v": "枯燥",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (枯燥):\n* → Japanese: 枯燥(こそう) (kosō)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "こそう",
            "3": "",
            "4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (枯燥):\n* → Japanese: 枯燥(こそう) (kosō)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (枯燥):\n* → Japanese: 枯燥(こそう) (kosō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "→ Vietnamese khô ráo"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "枯燥",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "boring; dull; tedious"
      ],
      "id": "en-枯燥-zh-adj-rwNn6LaE",
      "links": [
        [
          "boring",
          "boring"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "tedious",
          "tedious"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "withered; dried up"
      ],
      "id": "en-枯燥-zh-adj-5BbYk2C9",
      "links": [
        [
          "withered",
          "withered"
        ],
        [
          "dried up",
          "dried up"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "roman": "gānkū",
          "sense": "withered",
          "word": "乾枯"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "roman": "gānkū",
          "sense": "withered",
          "word": "干枯"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kūzào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄎㄨ ㄗㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu¹ cou³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khû-châu"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "ko͘-sò"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kho͘-sò"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "koa-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kūzào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuzào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kʻu¹-tsao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kū-dzàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kutzaw"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "куцзао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuczao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fū chou"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu¹ tsou³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu¹ cou³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fuː⁵⁵ t͡sʰou̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khû-châu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku^ˊ zau^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku¹ zau¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sau̯²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ko͘-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "koo-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kosoix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ³³ so⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kho͘-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khoo-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qosoix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "koa-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kua-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "koasoix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kua⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kua⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "/ kho͘-sò /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fuː⁵⁵ t͡sʰou̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sau̯²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ³³ so⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kua⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kua⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "fáwèi",
      "word": "乏味"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "gānzào",
      "word": "乾燥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "gānzào",
      "word": "干燥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "of writing",
      "roman": "gānbiě",
      "word": "乾癟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "of writing",
      "roman": "gānbiě",
      "word": "干瘪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "dānyī",
      "word": "單一"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "dānyī",
      "word": "单一"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "dāndiào",
      "word": "單調"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "dāndiào",
      "word": "单调"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kūsuǒ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "枯索"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "méiqù",
      "word": "沒趣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "méiqù",
      "word": "没趣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "無俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "无俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "wúwèi",
      "word": "無味"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "wúwèi",
      "word": "无味"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "無局"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "无局"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "無想俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "无想俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "wúliáo",
      "word": "無聊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "wúliáo",
      "word": "无聊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "無藝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "无艺"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "無藝量"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "无艺量"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "wúqù",
      "word": "無趣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "wúqù",
      "word": "无趣"
    }
  ],
  "word": "枯燥"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "yǒuqù",
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “boring”",
      "word": "有趣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǒuyìsi",
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “boring”",
      "word": "有意思"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Advanced Mandarin",
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 枯",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 燥",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "枯燥"
          },
          "expansion": "枯燥",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "枯燥",
            "2": "こそう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "枯燥(こそう) (kosō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "枯燥",
            "2": "こそう",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "枯燥",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "枯燥",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "枯燥",
            "v": "枯燥",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (枯燥):\n* → Japanese: 枯燥(こそう) (kosō)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "こそう",
            "3": "",
            "4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (枯燥):\n* → Japanese: 枯燥(こそう) (kosō)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (枯燥):\n* → Japanese: 枯燥(こそう) (kosō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "→ Vietnamese khô ráo"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "枯燥",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "boring; dull; tedious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "boring",
          "boring"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "tedious",
          "tedious"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "withered; dried up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "withered",
          "withered"
        ],
        [
          "dried up",
          "dried up"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kūzào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄎㄨ ㄗㄠˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu¹ cou³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khû-châu"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "ko͘-sò"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kho͘-sò"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "koa-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kūzào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuzào"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kʻu¹-tsao⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kū-dzàu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kutzaw"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "куцзао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuczao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fū chou"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu¹ tsou³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fu¹ cou³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fuː⁵⁵ t͡sʰou̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khû-châu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku^ˊ zau^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku¹ zau¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sau̯²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ko͘-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "koo-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kosoix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ³³ so⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kho͘-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khoo-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qosoix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "koa-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kua-sò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "koasoix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kua⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kua⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "/ kho͘-sò /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu⁵⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fuː⁵⁵ t͡sʰou̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sau̯²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ³³ so⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻²² so²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kua⁴⁴⁻³³ so¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kua⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤ²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "fáwèi",
      "word": "乏味"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gānzào",
      "word": "乾燥"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gānzào",
      "word": "干燥"
    },
    {
      "english": "of writing",
      "roman": "gānbiě",
      "word": "乾癟"
    },
    {
      "english": "of writing",
      "roman": "gānbiě",
      "word": "干瘪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "俗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dānyī",
      "word": "單一"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dānyī",
      "word": "单一"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dāndiào",
      "word": "單調"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dāndiào",
      "word": "单调"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūsuǒ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "枯索"
    },
    {
      "roman": "méiqù",
      "word": "沒趣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "méiqù",
      "word": "没趣"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "無俗"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "无俗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúwèi",
      "word": "無味"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúwèi",
      "word": "无味"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "無局"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "无局"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "無想俗"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "无想俗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúliáo",
      "word": "無聊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúliáo",
      "word": "无聊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "無藝"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "无艺"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "無藝量"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwanese-Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "无艺量"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúqù",
      "word": "無趣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúqù",
      "word": "无趣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gānkū",
      "sense": "withered",
      "word": "乾枯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gānkū",
      "sense": "withered",
      "word": "干枯"
    }
  ],
  "word": "枯燥"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 枯燥 meaning in Chinese (6.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "枯燥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "枯燥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "枯燥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "枯燥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "枯燥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "枯燥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "枯燥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "枯燥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E4%B9%8F%E5%91%B3'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "枯燥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "枯燥",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.