"黨" meaning in Chinese

See in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

IPA: /tɑŋ²¹⁴/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /taŋ⁵³/ [Chengdu, Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tɑŋ⁵¹/ [Dungan, Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tɔːŋ³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ɔŋ⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA, Taicheng, Taishanese], /tɔŋ²¹³/ [Gan, Nanchang, Sinological-IPA], /toŋ³¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /tɔŋ³¹/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /tɒ̃⁵³/ [Jin, Sinological-IPA, Taiyuan], /touŋ³³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /tɔŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /tɔŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /tɔŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /tɔŋ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /taŋ⁵²/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /tan⁴¹/ [Changsha, Sinological-IPA, Xiang], /tɑŋ²¹⁴/, /taŋ⁵³/, /tɑŋ⁵¹/, /tɔːŋ³⁵/, /ɔŋ⁵⁵/, /tɔŋ²¹³/, /toŋ³¹/, /tɔŋ³¹/, /tɒ̃⁵³/, /touŋ³³/, /tɔŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/, /tɔŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁴¹/, /taŋ⁵²/, /tɑ̃³⁴/, /tan⁴¹/ Chinese transliterations: dǎng [Mandarin, Pinyin, standard], dang³ [Mandarin, Pinyin, standard], ㄉㄤˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], dang³ [Chengdu, Mandarin, Pinyin, Sichuanese], дон [Cyrillic, Dungan, Mandarin, Wiktionary-specific], don [Cyrillic, Dungan, Mandarin, Wiktionary-specific], II [Cyrillic, Dungan, Mandarin, Wiktionary-specific], dong² [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], ong² [Cantonese, Taishan, Wiktionary-specific], dong³ [Gan, Wiktionary-specific], tóng [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], dong³ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], don² [Jin, Wiktionary-specific], dōng, tóng [Hokkien, POJ], dang² [Peng'im, Teochew], ⁵taon, dan³, dǎng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], ㄉㄤˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], dǎng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tang³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], dǎng [Mandarin, Yale], daang [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], дан [Mandarin, Palladius], dan [Mandarin, Palladius], dang [Chengdu, Latinxua-Sin-Wenz, Mandarin], dong² [Cantonese, Jyutping], dóng [Cantonese, Yale], dong² [Cantonese, Pinyin], dong² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], ong² [Cantonese, Taicheng, Taishanese, Wiktionary-specific], dong³ [Gan, Nanchang, Wiktionary-specific], tóng [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], dong` [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], dong³ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], don² [Jin, Taiyuan, Wiktionary-specific], dōng [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], tóng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], dorng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], táng [POJ, Teochew], ⁵taon [Wu], taon^去 [Wu], ²taan [Wu], /tɑ̃³⁴/ [Wu], dan³ [Changsha, Wiktionary-specific, Xiang], tangX [Middle-Chinese], /*tˤaŋʔ/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*taːŋʔ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: The endoactive of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”), literally "that which is equal in rank" (Schuessler, 2007). Etymology templates: {{zh-wp|zh|yue}}, {{och-l|當|to be equal of|id=1}} 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”), {{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}} Schuessler, 2007 Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 黨
  1. community; fellow community member
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-giLXdyiz
  2. gang; faction
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-aPHBzwes
  3. (politics) party Categories (topical): Politics
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-HQ~qOewz Topics: government, politics
  4. (politics) party
    (for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party
    (chiefly Mainland China, specifically) the Communist Party of China
    Tags: Mainland-China, specifically Categories (topical): Politics
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-zQj6ew1t Categories (other): Mainland China Chinese Topics: government, politics
  5. (politics) party
    (for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party
    (Vietnam, specifically) Communist Party of Vietnam
    Tags: Vietnam, specifically Categories (topical): Politics
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-Ra43woW5 Categories (other): Vietnamese Chinese Topics: government, politics
  6. (politics) party
    (for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party
    (Wa State, specifically) United Wa State Party
    Tags: specifically Categories (topical): Politics
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-Hvh9wI7Z Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 1 1 0 19 20 56 0 2 0 0 Disambiguation of Elementary Mandarin: 6 7 0 15 13 45 1 9 0 3 Topics: government, politics
  7. (used as suffix in Internet slang) a limited group or class of people, or a member of it
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-eCbN~0vW
  8. a surname
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-v2O7m9sM Categories (other): Chinese surnames
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Derived forms: 三黨, 三党, 上黨梆子, 上党梆子, 中央黨部, 中央党部, 亂黨, 乱党, 伐異黨同, 伐异党同, 內外姻黨 (nèiwàiyīndǎng), 内外姻党 (nèiwàiyīndǎng), 兩黨制 (liǎngdǎngzhì), 两党制 (liǎngdǎngzhì), 共和黨 (Gònghédǎng), 共和党 (Gònghédǎng), 共慘黨 (gòngcǎndǎng), 共惨党 (gòngcǎndǎng), 共產黨 (gòngchǎndǎng), 共产党 (gòngchǎndǎng), 凶黨, 凶党, 反對黨 (fǎnduìdǎng), 反对党 (fǎnduìdǎng), 反黨 (fǎndǎng), 反党 (fǎndǎng), 同黨 (tóngdǎng), 同党 (tóngdǎng), 國民黨 (Guómíndǎng), 国民党 (Guómíndǎng), 在野黨 (zàiyědǎng), 在野党 (zàiyědǎng), 執政黨 (zhízhèngdǎng), 执政党 (zhízhèngdǎng), 多黨制 (duōdǎngzhì), 多党制 (duōdǎngzhì), 太子黨 (Tàizǐdǎng), 太子党 (Tàizǐdǎng), 夫黨, 夫党, 奸黨 (jiāndǎng), 奸党 (jiāndǎng), 妻黨, 妻党, 姻黨, 姻党, 姦黨 (jiāndǎng), 孽黨, 孽党, 建黨 (jiàndǎng), 建党 (jiàndǎng), 忠黨愛國 (zhōngdǎng'àiguó), 忠党爱国 (zhōngdǎng'àiguó), 惡黨 (èdǎng), 恶党 (èdǎng), 成群結黨, 成群结党, 戚黨, 戚党, 拆白黨 (chāibáidǎng), 拆白党 (chāibáidǎng), 挾朋樹黨, 挟朋树党, 政黨 (zhèngdǎng), 政党 (zhèngdǎng), 放黨, 放党, 政黨政治, 政党政治, 族黨, 族党, 會黨 (huìdǎng), 会党 (huìdǎng), 朋黨 (péngdǎng), 朋党 (péngdǎng), 朋黨之爭, 朋党之争, 朋黨比周, 朋党比周, 朋黨論, 朋党论, 朔黨, 朔党, 東林黨, 东林党, 植黨, 植党, 植黨營私, 植党营私, 樹黨, 树党, 死黨 (sǐdǎng), 死党 (sǐdǎng), 母黨, 母党, 民主進步黨 (Mínzhǔ Jìnbù Dǎng), 民主进步党 (Mínzhǔ Jìnbù Dǎng), 民主黨 (mínzhǔdǎng), 民主党 (mínzhǔdǎng), 民進黨 (Mínjìndǎng), 民进党 (Mínjìndǎng), 洛黨, 洛党, 清黨 (qīngdǎng), 清党 (qīngdǎng), 無偏無黨, 无偏无党, 無黨無偏, 无党无偏, 父黨, 父党, 牛李黨爭, 牛李党争, 犵黨, 犵党, 狐朋狗黨, 狐朋狗党, 狐群狗黨 (húqún-gǒudǎng), 狐群狗党 (húqún-gǒudǎng), 狗黨狐群, 狗党狐群, 童黨 (tóngdǎng), 童党 (tóngdǎng), 納粹黨, 纳粹党, 結黨 (jiédǎng), 结党 (jiédǎng), 結黨營私 (jiédǎngyíngsī), 结党营私 (jiédǎngyíngsī), 結黨聚群, 结党聚群, 結黨連群, 结党连群, 綠黨 (lǜdǎng), 绿党 (lǜdǎng), 群而不黨 (qún'érbùdǎng), 群而不党 (qún'érbùdǎng), 肆奸植黨, 肆奸植党, 脫黨, 脱党, 自由黨 (Zìyóudǎng), 自由党 (Zìyóudǎng), 與黨, 与党, 虎克黨, 虎克党, 蜀黨, 蜀党, 賊黨 (zéidǎng), 贼党 (zéidǎng), 跨黨, 跨党, 輝格黨, 辉格党, 部黨, 部党, 鄉黨 (xiāngdǎng), 乡党 (xiāngdǎng), 鄉黨尚齒, 乡党尚齿, 鄰里鄉黨, 邻里乡党, 里黨, 里党, 金光黨 (jīnguāngdǎng), 金光党 (jīnguāngdǎng), 鉤黨 (gōudǎng), 钩党 (gōudǎng), 閭黨姻婭, 闾党姻娅, 閹黨, 阉党, 阿黨, 阿党, 餘黨 (yúdǎng), 余党 (yúdǎng), 黑手黨 (hēishǒudǎng), 黑手党 (hēishǒudǎng), 黨人 (dǎngrén), 党人 (dǎngrén), 黨伍, 党伍, 黨內初選, 党内初选, 黨務 (dǎngwù), 党务 (dǎngwù), 黨同伐異 (dǎngtóngfáyì), 党同伐异 (dǎngtóngfáyì), 黨員 (dǎngyuán), 党员 (dǎngyuán), 黨員大會, 党员大会, 黨國 (dǎngguó), 党国 (dǎngguó), 黨團 (dǎngtuán), 党团 (dǎngtuán), 黨團會議 (dǎng tuán huìyì), 党团会议 (dǎng tuán huìyì), 黨城灣 (Dǎngchéngwān), 党城湾 (Dǎngchéngwān), 黨報 (dǎngbào), 党报 (dǎngbào), 黨委 (dǎngwěi), 党委 (dǎngwěi), 黨徒 (dǎngtú), 党徒 (dǎngtú), 黨徽 (dǎnghuī), 党徽 (dǎnghuī), 黨性 (dǎngxìng), 党性 (dǎngxìng), 黨政軍 (dǎngzhèngjūn), 党政军 (dǎngzhèngjūn), 黨旗 (dǎngqí), 党旗 (dǎngqí), 黨校 (dǎngxiào), 党校 (dǎngxiào), 黨棍 (dǎnggùn), 党棍 (dǎnggùn), 黨派 (dǎngpài), 党派 (dǎngpài), 黨爭 (dǎngzhēng), 党争 (dǎngzhēng), 黨產 (dǎngchǎn), 党产 (dǎngchǎn), 黨禁 (dǎngjìn), 党禁 (dǎngjìn), 黨禍 (dǎnghuò), 党祸 (dǎnghuò), 黨籍 (dǎngjí), 党籍 (dǎngjí), 黨籍碑, 党籍碑, 黨紀 (dǎngjì), 党纪 (dǎngjì), 黨綱 (dǎnggāng), 党纲 (dǎnggāng), 黨群 (dǎngqún), 党群 (dǎngqún), 黨羽 (dǎngyǔ), 党羽 (dǎngyǔ), 黨見 (dǎngjiàn), 党见 (dǎngjiàn), 黨論, 党论, 黨證 (dǎngzhèng), 党证 (dǎngzhèng), 黨部 (dǎngbù), 党部 (dǎngbù), 黨錮 (dǎnggù), 党锢 (dǎnggù), 黨錮之禍, 党锢之祸, 黨閥 (dǎngfá), 党阀 (dǎngfá), 黨鞭 (dǎngbiān), 党鞭 (dǎngbiān), 黨章 (dǎngzhāng), 党章 (dǎngzhāng), 黨魁 (dǎngkuí), 党魁 (dǎngkuí), 黨齡 (dǎnglíng), 党龄 (dǎnglíng)

Character

IPA: /tɑŋ²¹⁴/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tɔːŋ³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /tɑŋ²¹⁴/, /tɔːŋ³⁵/ Chinese transliterations: dǎng [Mandarin, Pinyin], dang³ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄉㄤˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], dong² [Cantonese, Jyutping], dǎng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], dǎng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tang³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], dǎng [Mandarin, Yale], daang [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], дан [Mandarin, Palladius], dan [Mandarin, Palladius], dóng [Cantonese, Yale], dong² [Cantonese, Pinyin], dong² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization]
Etymology: Identified as an ancient Chu dialect word in Han Dynasty scholar Yang Xiong's Fangyan. STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twaŋ (“to see; to show”), whence Tibetan མཐོང (mthong, “to see; to perceive”). Alternatively, it may be of Austroasiatic origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiɲ ~ *təɲ (“to know”), whence Khmer ដឹង (dəng), Eastern Bru ດັງ (dáng) (Behr, 2008; Ye, 2014). Perhaps related to 懂 (dǒng, “to understand”) (Schuessler, 2007). Etymology templates: {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*m/s-twaŋ||to see; to show}} Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twaŋ (“to see; to show”), {{cog|bo|མཐོང||to see; to perceive}} Tibetan མཐོང (mthong, “to see; to perceive”), {{cog|aav}} Austroasiatic, {{cog|mkh-pro|*tiɲ ~ təɲ|*tiɲ ~ *təɲ|to know}} Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiɲ ~ *təɲ (“to know”), {{cog|km|ដឹង}} Khmer ដឹង (dəng), {{cog|bru|ດັງ|tr=dáng}} Eastern Bru ດັງ (dáng), {{zh-ref|Behr, 2008}} Behr, 2008, {{zh-ref|Ye, 2014}} Ye, 2014, {{zh-l|懂|to understand}} 懂 (dǒng, “to understand”), {{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}} Schuessler, 2007 Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 黨
  1. (ancient Chu dialect) to know
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-Vk7G5aRj
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Character

IPA: /tʰɑŋ²¹⁴/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tʰɔːŋ³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /tʰɑŋ²¹⁴/, /tʰɔːŋ³⁵/ Chinese transliterations: tǎng [Mandarin, Pinyin], tang³ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄊㄤˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], tong² [Cantonese, Jyutping], tǎng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], tǎng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tʻang³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], tǎng [Mandarin, Yale], taang [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], тан [Mandarin, Palladius], tan [Mandarin, Palladius], tóng [Cantonese, Yale], tong² [Cantonese, Pinyin], tong² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], /*tʰaːŋʔ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 黨
  1. Alternative form of 倘 Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of:
    Sense id: en-黨-zh-character-9wPTS4IP
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Download JSON data for 黨 meaning in Chinese (34.6kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "三黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "三党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "上黨梆子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "上党梆子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "中央黨部"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "中央党部"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "亂黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "乱党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "伐異黨同"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "伐异党同"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nèiwàiyīndǎng",
      "word": "內外姻黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nèiwàiyīndǎng",
      "word": "内外姻党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "liǎngdǎngzhì",
      "word": "兩黨制"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "liǎngdǎngzhì",
      "word": "两党制"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Gònghédǎng",
      "word": "共和黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Gònghédǎng",
      "word": "共和党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gòngcǎndǎng",
      "word": "共慘黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gòngcǎndǎng",
      "word": "共惨党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gòngchǎndǎng",
      "word": "共產黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gòngchǎndǎng",
      "word": "共产党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "凶黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "凶党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fǎnduìdǎng",
      "word": "反對黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fǎnduìdǎng",
      "word": "反对党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fǎndǎng",
      "word": "反黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fǎndǎng",
      "word": "反党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tóngdǎng",
      "word": "同黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tóngdǎng",
      "word": "同党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Guómíndǎng",
      "word": "國民黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Guómíndǎng",
      "word": "国民党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zàiyědǎng",
      "word": "在野黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zàiyědǎng",
      "word": "在野党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhízhèngdǎng",
      "word": "執政黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhízhèngdǎng",
      "word": "执政党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "duōdǎngzhì",
      "word": "多黨制"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "duōdǎngzhì",
      "word": "多党制"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Tàizǐdǎng",
      "word": "太子黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Tàizǐdǎng",
      "word": "太子党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "夫黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "夫党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiāndǎng",
      "word": "奸黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiāndǎng",
      "word": "奸党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "妻黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "妻党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "姻黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "姻党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiāndǎng",
      "word": "姦黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孽黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "孽党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàndǎng",
      "word": "建黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàndǎng",
      "word": "建党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhōngdǎng'àiguó",
      "word": "忠黨愛國"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhōngdǎng'àiguó",
      "word": "忠党爱国"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "èdǎng",
      "word": "惡黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "èdǎng",
      "word": "恶党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "成群結黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "成群结党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "戚黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "戚党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chāibáidǎng",
      "word": "拆白黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chāibáidǎng",
      "word": "拆白党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "挾朋樹黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "挟朋树党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhèngdǎng",
      "word": "政黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhèngdǎng",
      "word": "政党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "放黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "放党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "政黨政治"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "政党政治"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "族黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "族党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "huìdǎng",
      "word": "會黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "huìdǎng",
      "word": "会党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "péngdǎng",
      "word": "朋黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "péngdǎng",
      "word": "朋党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "朋黨之爭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "朋党之争"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "朋黨比周"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "朋党比周"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "朋黨論"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "朋党论"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "朔黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "朔党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "東林黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "东林党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "植黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "植党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "植黨營私"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "植党营私"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "樹黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "树党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐdǎng",
      "word": "死黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐdǎng",
      "word": "死党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "母黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "母党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Mínzhǔ Jìnbù Dǎng",
      "word": "民主進步黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Mínzhǔ Jìnbù Dǎng",
      "word": "民主进步党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "mínzhǔdǎng",
      "word": "民主黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "mínzhǔdǎng",
      "word": "民主党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Mínjìndǎng",
      "word": "民進黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Mínjìndǎng",
      "word": "民进党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "洛黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "洛党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngdǎng",
      "word": "清黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngdǎng",
      "word": "清党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "無偏無黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "无偏无党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "無黨無偏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "无党无偏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "父黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "父党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "牛李黨爭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "牛李党争"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犵黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犵党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "狐朋狗黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "狐朋狗党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "húqún-gǒudǎng",
      "word": "狐群狗黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "húqún-gǒudǎng",
      "word": "狐群狗党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "狗黨狐群"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "狗党狐群"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tóngdǎng",
      "word": "童黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tóngdǎng",
      "word": "童党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "納粹黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "纳粹党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiédǎng",
      "word": "結黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiédǎng",
      "word": "结党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiédǎngyíngsī",
      "word": "結黨營私"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiédǎngyíngsī",
      "word": "结党营私"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "結黨聚群"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "结党聚群"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "結黨連群"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "结党连群"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǜdǎng",
      "word": "綠黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǜdǎng",
      "word": "绿党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qún'érbùdǎng",
      "word": "群而不黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qún'érbùdǎng",
      "word": "群而不党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "肆奸植黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "肆奸植党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "脫黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "脱党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Zìyóudǎng",
      "word": "自由黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Zìyóudǎng",
      "word": "自由党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "與黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "与党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "虎克黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "虎克党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "蜀黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "蜀党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zéidǎng",
      "word": "賊黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zéidǎng",
      "word": "贼党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "跨黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "跨党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "輝格黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "辉格党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "部黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "部党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiāngdǎng",
      "word": "鄉黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiāngdǎng",
      "word": "乡党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "鄉黨尚齒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "乡党尚齿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "鄰里鄉黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "邻里乡党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "里黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "里党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jīnguāngdǎng",
      "word": "金光黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jīnguāngdǎng",
      "word": "金光党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gōudǎng",
      "word": "鉤黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gōudǎng",
      "word": "钩党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "閭黨姻婭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "闾党姻娅"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "閹黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "阉党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "阿黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "阿党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yúdǎng",
      "word": "餘黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yúdǎng",
      "word": "余党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hēishǒudǎng",
      "word": "黑手黨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hēishǒudǎng",
      "word": "黑手党"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngrén",
      "word": "黨人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngrén",
      "word": "党人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "黨伍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "党伍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "黨內初選"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "党内初选"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngwù",
      "word": "黨務"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngwù",
      "word": "党务"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngtóngfáyì",
      "word": "黨同伐異"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngtóngfáyì",
      "word": "党同伐异"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngyuán",
      "word": "黨員"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngyuán",
      "word": "党员"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "黨員大會"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "党员大会"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngguó",
      "word": "黨國"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngguó",
      "word": "党国"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngtuán",
      "word": "黨團"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngtuán",
      "word": "党团"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎng tuán huìyì",
      "word": "黨團會議"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎng tuán huìyì",
      "word": "党团会议"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Dǎngchéngwān",
      "word": "黨城灣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Dǎngchéngwān",
      "word": "党城湾"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngbào",
      "word": "黨報"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngbào",
      "word": "党报"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngwěi",
      "word": "黨委"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngwěi",
      "word": "党委"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngtú",
      "word": "黨徒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngtú",
      "word": "党徒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnghuī",
      "word": "黨徽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnghuī",
      "word": "党徽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngxìng",
      "word": "黨性"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngxìng",
      "word": "党性"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngzhèngjūn",
      "word": "黨政軍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngzhèngjūn",
      "word": "党政军"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngqí",
      "word": "黨旗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngqí",
      "word": "党旗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngxiào",
      "word": "黨校"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngxiào",
      "word": "党校"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnggùn",
      "word": "黨棍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnggùn",
      "word": "党棍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngpài",
      "word": "黨派"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngpài",
      "word": "党派"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngzhēng",
      "word": "黨爭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngzhēng",
      "word": "党争"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngchǎn",
      "word": "黨產"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngchǎn",
      "word": "党产"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngjìn",
      "word": "黨禁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngjìn",
      "word": "党禁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnghuò",
      "word": "黨禍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnghuò",
      "word": "党祸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngjí",
      "word": "黨籍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngjí",
      "word": "党籍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "黨籍碑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "党籍碑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngjì",
      "word": "黨紀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngjì",
      "word": "党纪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnggāng",
      "word": "黨綱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnggāng",
      "word": "党纲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngqún",
      "word": "黨群"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngqún",
      "word": "党群"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngyǔ",
      "word": "黨羽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngyǔ",
      "word": "党羽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngjiàn",
      "word": "黨見"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngjiàn",
      "word": "党见"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "黨論"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "党论"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngzhèng",
      "word": "黨證"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngzhèng",
      "word": "党证"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngbù",
      "word": "黨部"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngbù",
      "word": "党部"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnggù",
      "word": "黨錮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnggù",
      "word": "党锢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "黨錮之禍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "党锢之祸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngfá",
      "word": "黨閥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngfá",
      "word": "党阀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngbiān",
      "word": "黨鞭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngbiān",
      "word": "党鞭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngzhāng",
      "word": "黨章"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngzhāng",
      "word": "党章"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngkuí",
      "word": "黨魁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎngkuí",
      "word": "党魁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnglíng",
      "word": "黨齡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎnglíng",
      "word": "党龄"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "黨"
          },
          "expansion": "黨",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "党",
            "2": "とう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "党(とう) (tō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "당(黨)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 당(黨) (dang)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "黨",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "黨",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "đảng",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "黨"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: đảng (黨)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "黨",
            "2": "とう",
            "3": "당",
            "4": "đảng",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "黨",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "黨",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "党",
            "v": "黨",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (黨):\n* → Japanese: 党(とう) (tō)\n* → Korean: 당(黨) (dang)\n* → Vietnamese: đảng (黨)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "とう",
            "3": "당",
            "4": "đảng",
            "s": "党"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (黨):\n* → Japanese: 党(とう) (tō)\n* → Korean: 당(黨) (dang)\n* → Vietnamese: đảng (黨)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (黨):\n* → Japanese: 党(とう) (tō)\n* → Korean: 당(黨) (dang)\n* → Vietnamese: đảng (黨)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "za",
            "2": "dangj",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Zhuang: dangj",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Zhuang: dangj"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "yue"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "zh-wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "當",
        "2": "to be equal of",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The endoactive of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”), literally \"that which is equal in rank\" (Schuessler, 2007).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "黨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "neighbours; local community",
          "roman": "xiāngdǎng",
          "text": "鄉黨/乡党",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Yuan Si being made governor of his town by the Master, he gave him nine hundred measures of grain, but Si declined them. The Master said, \"Do not decline them. May you not give them away in the neighborhoods, hamlets, towns, and villages?\"",
          "ref": "原思為之宰,與之粟九百,辭。子曰:「毋!以與爾鄰里鄉黨乎!」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "原思为之宰,与之粟九百,辞。子曰:「毋!以与尔邻里乡党乎!」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE\nYuán Sī wèi zhī zǎi, yǔ zhī sù jiǔbǎi, cí. Zǐyuē: “Wú! Yǐ yǔ ěr línlǐxiāngdǎng hū!” [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The Three Principles of the People is the foundation of our citizens.",
          "ref": "1924, “National Anthem of the Republic of China”, Sun Yat-sen (lyrics)",
          "text": "三民主義,吾黨所宗。 [MSC, trad.]\n三民主义,吾党所宗。 [MSC, simp.]\nSānmínzhǔyì, wú dǎng suǒ zōng. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "community; fellow community member"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-giLXdyiz",
      "links": [
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to form a faction",
          "roman": "jiédǎng",
          "text": "結黨/结党",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "mafia (lit. black hand gang)",
          "roman": "hēishǒudǎng",
          "text": "黑手黨/黑手党",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gang; faction"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-aPHBzwes",
      "links": [
        [
          "gang",
          "gang"
        ],
        [
          "faction",
          "faction"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Politics",
          "orig": "zh:Politics",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "political party",
          "roman": "zhèngdǎng",
          "text": "政黨/政党",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Liberal Party",
          "roman": "Zìyóudǎng",
          "text": "自由黨/自由党",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "party"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-HQ~qOewz",
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "party",
          "party"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(politics) party"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mainland China Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Politics",
          "orig": "zh:Politics",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China",
          "roman": "Dǎng de Shíbā Dà",
          "text": "黨的十八大/党的十八大",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "黨鐵/党铁 [Cantonese] ― dong² tit³ [Jyutping] ― The \"Commie\" MTR",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "party",
        "the ruling party",
        "the Communist Party of China"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-zQj6ew1t",
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "party",
          "party"
        ],
        [
          "ruling",
          "ruling"
        ],
        [
          "Communist Party of China",
          "Communist Party of China"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(politics) party",
        "(for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party",
        "(chiefly Mainland China, specifically) the Communist Party of China"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "for one-party states",
        "in press releases or official media"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mainland-China",
        "specifically"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Politics",
          "orig": "zh:Politics",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "party",
        "the ruling party",
        "Communist Party of Vietnam"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-Ra43woW5",
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "party",
          "party"
        ],
        [
          "ruling",
          "ruling"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(politics) party",
        "(for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party",
        "(Vietnam, specifically) Communist Party of Vietnam"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "for one-party states",
        "in press releases or official media"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Vietnam",
        "specifically"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Politics",
          "orig": "zh:Politics",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 0 19 20 56 0 2 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 7 0 15 13 45 1 9 0 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "party",
        "the ruling party",
        "United Wa State Party"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-Hvh9wI7Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "party",
          "party"
        ],
        [
          "ruling",
          "ruling"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Wa State",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(politics) party",
        "(for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party",
        "(Wa State, specifically) United Wa State Party"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "for one-party states",
        "in press releases or official media"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "specifically"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a person who writes articles or news using off-topic or misleading headlines; these kinds of people",
          "roman": "biāotídǎng",
          "text": "標題黨/标题党",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a limited group or class of people, or a member of it"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-eCbN~0vW",
      "links": [
        [
          "Internet",
          "Internet"
        ],
        [
          "slang",
          "slang"
        ],
        [
          "limit",
          "limit"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ],
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(used as suffix in Internet slang) a limited group or class of people, or a member of it"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "used as suffix in Internet slang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "Sichuanese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дон"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "don"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "II"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "don²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "dōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁵taon"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "dan³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "daang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ²¹⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/taŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong`"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/toŋ³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "don²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒ̃⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dōng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/touŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dorng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "táng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/taŋ⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁵taon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taon^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²taan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/tɑ̃³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "Xiang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dan³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tan⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Xiang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tangX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*tˤaŋʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*taːŋʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ²¹⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/taŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔːŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/toŋ³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒ̃⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/touŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/taŋ⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑ̃³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tan⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*tˤaŋʔ/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*taːŋʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "黨"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sit-pro",
        "3": "*m/s-twaŋ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to see; to show"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twaŋ (“to see; to show”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bo",
        "2": "མཐོང",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to see; to perceive"
      },
      "expansion": "Tibetan མཐོང (mthong, “to see; to perceive”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aav"
      },
      "expansion": "Austroasiatic",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "*tiɲ ~ təɲ",
        "3": "*tiɲ ~ *təɲ",
        "4": "to know"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiɲ ~ *təɲ (“to know”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "km",
        "2": "ដឹង"
      },
      "expansion": "Khmer ដឹង (dəng)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bru",
        "2": "ດັງ",
        "tr": "dáng"
      },
      "expansion": "Eastern Bru ດັງ (dáng)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Behr, 2008"
      },
      "expansion": "Behr, 2008",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ye, 2014"
      },
      "expansion": "Ye, 2014",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "懂",
        "2": "to understand"
      },
      "expansion": "懂 (dǒng, “to understand”)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Identified as an ancient Chu dialect word in Han Dynasty scholar Yang Xiong's Fangyan.\nSTEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twaŋ (“to see; to show”), whence Tibetan མཐོང (mthong, “to see; to perceive”).\nAlternatively, it may be of Austroasiatic origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiɲ ~ *təɲ (“to know”), whence Khmer ដឹង (dəng), Eastern Bru ດັງ (dáng) (Behr, 2008; Ye, 2014).\nPerhaps related to 懂 (dǒng, “to understand”) (Schuessler, 2007).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "黨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "法先王,順禮義,黨學者,然而不好言,不樂言,則必非誠士也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "法先王,顺礼义,党学者,然而不好言,不乐言,则必非诚士也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Xunzi, c. 3ʳᵈ century BCE\nFǎxiānwáng, shùn lǐyì, dǎng xuézhě, rán'ér bù hào yán, bù lè yán, zé bì fēi chéngshì yě. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to know"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-Vk7G5aRj",
      "links": [
        [
          "know",
          "know"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "ancient Chu dialect",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ancient Chu dialect) to know"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "daang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ²¹⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ²¹⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔːŋ³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Fangyan"
  ],
  "word": "黨"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "黨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "倘"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of 倘"
      ],
      "id": "en-黨-zh-character-9wPTS4IP",
      "links": [
        [
          "倘",
          "倘#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "тан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɑŋ²¹⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*tʰaːŋʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɑŋ²¹⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔːŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*tʰaːŋʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "黨"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese proper nouns",
    "Chinese suffixes",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Eastern Min proper nouns",
    "Eastern Min suffixes",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "三黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "三党"
    },
    {
      "word": "上黨梆子"
    },
    {
      "word": "上党梆子"
    },
    {
      "word": "中央黨部"
    },
    {
      "word": "中央党部"
    },
    {
      "word": "亂黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "乱党"
    },
    {
      "word": "伐異黨同"
    },
    {
      "word": "伐异党同"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nèiwàiyīndǎng",
      "word": "內外姻黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nèiwàiyīndǎng",
      "word": "内外姻党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "liǎngdǎngzhì",
      "word": "兩黨制"
    },
    {
      "roman": "liǎngdǎngzhì",
      "word": "两党制"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Gònghédǎng",
      "word": "共和黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Gònghédǎng",
      "word": "共和党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngcǎndǎng",
      "word": "共慘黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngcǎndǎng",
      "word": "共惨党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngchǎndǎng",
      "word": "共產黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngchǎndǎng",
      "word": "共产党"
    },
    {
      "word": "凶黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "凶党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fǎnduìdǎng",
      "word": "反對黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fǎnduìdǎng",
      "word": "反对党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fǎndǎng",
      "word": "反黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fǎndǎng",
      "word": "反党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tóngdǎng",
      "word": "同黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tóngdǎng",
      "word": "同党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Guómíndǎng",
      "word": "國民黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Guómíndǎng",
      "word": "国民党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zàiyědǎng",
      "word": "在野黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zàiyědǎng",
      "word": "在野党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhízhèngdǎng",
      "word": "執政黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhízhèngdǎng",
      "word": "执政党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "duōdǎngzhì",
      "word": "多黨制"
    },
    {
      "roman": "duōdǎngzhì",
      "word": "多党制"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Tàizǐdǎng",
      "word": "太子黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Tàizǐdǎng",
      "word": "太子党"
    },
    {
      "word": "夫黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "夫党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāndǎng",
      "word": "奸黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāndǎng",
      "word": "奸党"
    },
    {
      "word": "妻黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "妻党"
    },
    {
      "word": "姻黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "姻党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāndǎng",
      "word": "姦黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "孽黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "孽党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàndǎng",
      "word": "建黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàndǎng",
      "word": "建党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhōngdǎng'àiguó",
      "word": "忠黨愛國"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhōngdǎng'àiguó",
      "word": "忠党爱国"
    },
    {
      "roman": "èdǎng",
      "word": "惡黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "èdǎng",
      "word": "恶党"
    },
    {
      "word": "成群結黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "成群结党"
    },
    {
      "word": "戚黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "戚党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chāibáidǎng",
      "word": "拆白黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chāibáidǎng",
      "word": "拆白党"
    },
    {
      "word": "挾朋樹黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "挟朋树党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhèngdǎng",
      "word": "政黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhèngdǎng",
      "word": "政党"
    },
    {
      "word": "放黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "放党"
    },
    {
      "word": "政黨政治"
    },
    {
      "word": "政党政治"
    },
    {
      "word": "族黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "族党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huìdǎng",
      "word": "會黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huìdǎng",
      "word": "会党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "péngdǎng",
      "word": "朋黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "péngdǎng",
      "word": "朋党"
    },
    {
      "word": "朋黨之爭"
    },
    {
      "word": "朋党之争"
    },
    {
      "word": "朋黨比周"
    },
    {
      "word": "朋党比周"
    },
    {
      "word": "朋黨論"
    },
    {
      "word": "朋党论"
    },
    {
      "word": "朔黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "朔党"
    },
    {
      "word": "東林黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "东林党"
    },
    {
      "word": "植黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "植党"
    },
    {
      "word": "植黨營私"
    },
    {
      "word": "植党营私"
    },
    {
      "word": "樹黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "树党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐdǎng",
      "word": "死黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐdǎng",
      "word": "死党"
    },
    {
      "word": "母黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "母党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Mínzhǔ Jìnbù Dǎng",
      "word": "民主進步黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Mínzhǔ Jìnbù Dǎng",
      "word": "民主进步党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mínzhǔdǎng",
      "word": "民主黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mínzhǔdǎng",
      "word": "民主党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Mínjìndǎng",
      "word": "民進黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Mínjìndǎng",
      "word": "民进党"
    },
    {
      "word": "洛黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "洛党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngdǎng",
      "word": "清黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngdǎng",
      "word": "清党"
    },
    {
      "word": "無偏無黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "无偏无党"
    },
    {
      "word": "無黨無偏"
    },
    {
      "word": "无党无偏"
    },
    {
      "word": "父黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "父党"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛李黨爭"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛李党争"
    },
    {
      "word": "犵黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "犵党"
    },
    {
      "word": "狐朋狗黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "狐朋狗党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "húqún-gǒudǎng",
      "word": "狐群狗黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "húqún-gǒudǎng",
      "word": "狐群狗党"
    },
    {
      "word": "狗黨狐群"
    },
    {
      "word": "狗党狐群"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tóngdǎng",
      "word": "童黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tóngdǎng",
      "word": "童党"
    },
    {
      "word": "納粹黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "纳粹党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiédǎng",
      "word": "結黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiédǎng",
      "word": "结党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiédǎngyíngsī",
      "word": "結黨營私"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiédǎngyíngsī",
      "word": "结党营私"
    },
    {
      "word": "結黨聚群"
    },
    {
      "word": "结党聚群"
    },
    {
      "word": "結黨連群"
    },
    {
      "word": "结党连群"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǜdǎng",
      "word": "綠黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǜdǎng",
      "word": "绿党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qún'érbùdǎng",
      "word": "群而不黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qún'érbùdǎng",
      "word": "群而不党"
    },
    {
      "word": "肆奸植黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "肆奸植党"
    },
    {
      "word": "脫黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "脱党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Zìyóudǎng",
      "word": "自由黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Zìyóudǎng",
      "word": "自由党"
    },
    {
      "word": "與黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "与党"
    },
    {
      "word": "虎克黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "虎克党"
    },
    {
      "word": "蜀黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "蜀党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zéidǎng",
      "word": "賊黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zéidǎng",
      "word": "贼党"
    },
    {
      "word": "跨黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "跨党"
    },
    {
      "word": "輝格黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "辉格党"
    },
    {
      "word": "部黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "部党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāngdǎng",
      "word": "鄉黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāngdǎng",
      "word": "乡党"
    },
    {
      "word": "鄉黨尚齒"
    },
    {
      "word": "乡党尚齿"
    },
    {
      "word": "鄰里鄉黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "邻里乡党"
    },
    {
      "word": "里黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "里党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīnguāngdǎng",
      "word": "金光黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jīnguāngdǎng",
      "word": "金光党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gōudǎng",
      "word": "鉤黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gōudǎng",
      "word": "钩党"
    },
    {
      "word": "閭黨姻婭"
    },
    {
      "word": "闾党姻娅"
    },
    {
      "word": "閹黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "阉党"
    },
    {
      "word": "阿黨"
    },
    {
      "word": "阿党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yúdǎng",
      "word": "餘黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yúdǎng",
      "word": "余党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hēishǒudǎng",
      "word": "黑手黨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hēishǒudǎng",
      "word": "黑手党"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngrén",
      "word": "黨人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngrén",
      "word": "党人"
    },
    {
      "word": "黨伍"
    },
    {
      "word": "党伍"
    },
    {
      "word": "黨內初選"
    },
    {
      "word": "党内初选"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngwù",
      "word": "黨務"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngwù",
      "word": "党务"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngtóngfáyì",
      "word": "黨同伐異"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngtóngfáyì",
      "word": "党同伐异"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngyuán",
      "word": "黨員"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngyuán",
      "word": "党员"
    },
    {
      "word": "黨員大會"
    },
    {
      "word": "党员大会"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngguó",
      "word": "黨國"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngguó",
      "word": "党国"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngtuán",
      "word": "黨團"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngtuán",
      "word": "党团"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎng tuán huìyì",
      "word": "黨團會議"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎng tuán huìyì",
      "word": "党团会议"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Dǎngchéngwān",
      "word": "黨城灣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Dǎngchéngwān",
      "word": "党城湾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngbào",
      "word": "黨報"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngbào",
      "word": "党报"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngwěi",
      "word": "黨委"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngwěi",
      "word": "党委"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngtú",
      "word": "黨徒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngtú",
      "word": "党徒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnghuī",
      "word": "黨徽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnghuī",
      "word": "党徽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngxìng",
      "word": "黨性"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngxìng",
      "word": "党性"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngzhèngjūn",
      "word": "黨政軍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngzhèngjūn",
      "word": "党政军"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngqí",
      "word": "黨旗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngqí",
      "word": "党旗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngxiào",
      "word": "黨校"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngxiào",
      "word": "党校"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnggùn",
      "word": "黨棍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnggùn",
      "word": "党棍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngpài",
      "word": "黨派"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngpài",
      "word": "党派"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngzhēng",
      "word": "黨爭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngzhēng",
      "word": "党争"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngchǎn",
      "word": "黨產"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngchǎn",
      "word": "党产"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngjìn",
      "word": "黨禁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngjìn",
      "word": "党禁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnghuò",
      "word": "黨禍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnghuò",
      "word": "党祸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngjí",
      "word": "黨籍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngjí",
      "word": "党籍"
    },
    {
      "word": "黨籍碑"
    },
    {
      "word": "党籍碑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngjì",
      "word": "黨紀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngjì",
      "word": "党纪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnggāng",
      "word": "黨綱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnggāng",
      "word": "党纲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngqún",
      "word": "黨群"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngqún",
      "word": "党群"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngyǔ",
      "word": "黨羽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngyǔ",
      "word": "党羽"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngjiàn",
      "word": "黨見"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngjiàn",
      "word": "党见"
    },
    {
      "word": "黨論"
    },
    {
      "word": "党论"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngzhèng",
      "word": "黨證"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngzhèng",
      "word": "党证"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngbù",
      "word": "黨部"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngbù",
      "word": "党部"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnggù",
      "word": "黨錮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnggù",
      "word": "党锢"
    },
    {
      "word": "黨錮之禍"
    },
    {
      "word": "党锢之祸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngfá",
      "word": "黨閥"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngfá",
      "word": "党阀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngbiān",
      "word": "黨鞭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngbiān",
      "word": "党鞭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngzhāng",
      "word": "黨章"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngzhāng",
      "word": "党章"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngkuí",
      "word": "黨魁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎngkuí",
      "word": "党魁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnglíng",
      "word": "黨齡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎnglíng",
      "word": "党龄"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "黨"
          },
          "expansion": "黨",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "党",
            "2": "とう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "党(とう) (tō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "당(黨)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 당(黨) (dang)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "黨",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "黨",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "đảng",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "黨"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: đảng (黨)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "黨",
            "2": "とう",
            "3": "당",
            "4": "đảng",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "黨",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "黨",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "党",
            "v": "黨",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (黨):\n* → Japanese: 党(とう) (tō)\n* → Korean: 당(黨) (dang)\n* → Vietnamese: đảng (黨)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "とう",
            "3": "당",
            "4": "đảng",
            "s": "党"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (黨):\n* → Japanese: 党(とう) (tō)\n* → Korean: 당(黨) (dang)\n* → Vietnamese: đảng (黨)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (黨):\n* → Japanese: 党(とう) (tō)\n* → Korean: 당(黨) (dang)\n* → Vietnamese: đảng (黨)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "za",
            "2": "dangj",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Zhuang: dangj",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Zhuang: dangj"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "yue"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "zh-wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "當",
        "2": "to be equal of",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The endoactive of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”), literally \"that which is equal in rank\" (Schuessler, 2007).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "黨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "neighbours; local community",
          "roman": "xiāngdǎng",
          "text": "鄉黨/乡党",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Yuan Si being made governor of his town by the Master, he gave him nine hundred measures of grain, but Si declined them. The Master said, \"Do not decline them. May you not give them away in the neighborhoods, hamlets, towns, and villages?\"",
          "ref": "原思為之宰,與之粟九百,辭。子曰:「毋!以與爾鄰里鄉黨乎!」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "原思为之宰,与之粟九百,辞。子曰:「毋!以与尔邻里乡党乎!」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE\nYuán Sī wèi zhī zǎi, yǔ zhī sù jiǔbǎi, cí. Zǐyuē: “Wú! Yǐ yǔ ěr línlǐxiāngdǎng hū!” [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The Three Principles of the People is the foundation of our citizens.",
          "ref": "1924, “National Anthem of the Republic of China”, Sun Yat-sen (lyrics)",
          "text": "三民主義,吾黨所宗。 [MSC, trad.]\n三民主义,吾党所宗。 [MSC, simp.]\nSānmínzhǔyì, wú dǎng suǒ zōng. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "community; fellow community member"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ],
        [
          "fellow",
          "fellow"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to form a faction",
          "roman": "jiédǎng",
          "text": "結黨/结党",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "mafia (lit. black hand gang)",
          "roman": "hēishǒudǎng",
          "text": "黑手黨/黑手党",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gang; faction"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gang",
          "gang"
        ],
        [
          "faction",
          "faction"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "zh:Politics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "political party",
          "roman": "zhèngdǎng",
          "text": "政黨/政党",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Liberal Party",
          "roman": "Zìyóudǎng",
          "text": "自由黨/自由党",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "party"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "party",
          "party"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(politics) party"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese terms with usage examples",
        "Mainland China Chinese",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "zh:Politics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China",
          "roman": "Dǎng de Shíbā Dà",
          "text": "黨的十八大/党的十八大",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "黨鐵/党铁 [Cantonese] ― dong² tit³ [Jyutping] ― The \"Commie\" MTR",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "party",
        "the ruling party",
        "the Communist Party of China"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "party",
          "party"
        ],
        [
          "ruling",
          "ruling"
        ],
        [
          "Communist Party of China",
          "Communist Party of China"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(politics) party",
        "(for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party",
        "(chiefly Mainland China, specifically) the Communist Party of China"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "for one-party states",
        "in press releases or official media"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mainland-China",
        "specifically"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "Vietnamese Chinese",
        "zh:Politics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "party",
        "the ruling party",
        "Communist Party of Vietnam"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "party",
          "party"
        ],
        [
          "ruling",
          "ruling"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(politics) party",
        "(for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party",
        "(Vietnam, specifically) Communist Party of Vietnam"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "for one-party states",
        "in press releases or official media"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Vietnam",
        "specifically"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "zh:Politics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "party",
        "the ruling party",
        "United Wa State Party"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "politics",
          "politics"
        ],
        [
          "party",
          "party"
        ],
        [
          "ruling",
          "ruling"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Wa State",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(politics) party",
        "(for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party",
        "(Wa State, specifically) United Wa State Party"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "for one-party states",
        "in press releases or official media"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "specifically"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "politics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese internet slang",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a person who writes articles or news using off-topic or misleading headlines; these kinds of people",
          "roman": "biāotídǎng",
          "text": "標題黨/标题党",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a limited group or class of people, or a member of it"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Internet",
          "Internet"
        ],
        [
          "slang",
          "slang"
        ],
        [
          "limit",
          "limit"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ],
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(used as suffix in Internet slang) a limited group or class of people, or a member of it"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "used as suffix in Internet slang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "Sichuanese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дон"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "don"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "II"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "don²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "dōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁵taon"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "dan³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "daang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ²¹⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/taŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong`"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/toŋ³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "don²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒ̃⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dōng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/touŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dorng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "táng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/taŋ⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁵taon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taon^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²taan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/tɑ̃³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "Xiang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dan³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tan⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Xiang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tangX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*tˤaŋʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*taːŋʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ²¹⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/taŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔːŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/toŋ³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒ̃⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/touŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/taŋ⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑ̃³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tan⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*tˤaŋʔ/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*taːŋʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "黨"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
    "Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sit-pro",
        "3": "*m/s-twaŋ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to see; to show"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twaŋ (“to see; to show”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bo",
        "2": "མཐོང",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to see; to perceive"
      },
      "expansion": "Tibetan མཐོང (mthong, “to see; to perceive”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aav"
      },
      "expansion": "Austroasiatic",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "*tiɲ ~ təɲ",
        "3": "*tiɲ ~ *təɲ",
        "4": "to know"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiɲ ~ *təɲ (“to know”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "km",
        "2": "ដឹង"
      },
      "expansion": "Khmer ដឹង (dəng)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bru",
        "2": "ດັງ",
        "tr": "dáng"
      },
      "expansion": "Eastern Bru ດັງ (dáng)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Behr, 2008"
      },
      "expansion": "Behr, 2008",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ye, 2014"
      },
      "expansion": "Ye, 2014",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "懂",
        "2": "to understand"
      },
      "expansion": "懂 (dǒng, “to understand”)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Identified as an ancient Chu dialect word in Han Dynasty scholar Yang Xiong's Fangyan.\nSTEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twaŋ (“to see; to show”), whence Tibetan མཐོང (mthong, “to see; to perceive”).\nAlternatively, it may be of Austroasiatic origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiɲ ~ *təɲ (“to know”), whence Khmer ដឹង (dəng), Eastern Bru ດັງ (dáng) (Behr, 2008; Ye, 2014).\nPerhaps related to 懂 (dǒng, “to understand”) (Schuessler, 2007).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "黨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Literary Chinese usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "法先王,順禮義,黨學者,然而不好言,不樂言,則必非誠士也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "法先王,顺礼义,党学者,然而不好言,不乐言,则必非诚士也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Xunzi, c. 3ʳᵈ century BCE\nFǎxiānwáng, shùn lǐyì, dǎng xuézhě, rán'ér bù hào yán, bù lè yán, zé bì fēi chéngshì yě. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to know"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "know",
          "know"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "ancient Chu dialect",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ancient Chu dialect) to know"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "daang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ²¹⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑŋ²¹⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɔːŋ³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Fangyan"
  ],
  "word": "黨"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "黨",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "倘"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of 倘"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "倘",
          "倘#Chinese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tʻang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "taang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "тан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɑŋ²¹⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tong²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*tʰaːŋʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɑŋ²¹⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔːŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*tʰaːŋʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "黨"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "黨"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "黨",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.