磨難 in Chinese

IPA: /mu̯ɔ³⁵ nän⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /mɔː²¹ naːn²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /mɔ̃¹³⁻²² lan²²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /mu̯ɔ³⁵ nän⁵¹/, /mɔː²¹ naːn²²/, /mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan⁴¹/, /mɔ̃¹³⁻²² lan²²/, /mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan²²/ Chinese transliterations: mónàn [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄢˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], mo⁴ naan⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], mô͘-lān, mónàn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄢˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], mónàn [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], mo²-nan⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], mwó-nàn [Mandarin, Yale, standard], monann [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], монань [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], monanʹ [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], mòh naahn [Cantonese, Yale], mo⁴ naan⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], mo⁴ nan⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], mô͘-lān [Hokkien, POJ], môo-lān [Hokkien, Tai-lo], molan [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 磨難

Alternative forms

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "磨難",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "trial; tribulation; torment; cross to bear; hardship; suffering; hard time"
      ],
      "id": "en-磨難-zh-noun--OmvDZlJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "trial",
          "trial"
        ],
        [
          "tribulation",
          "tribulation"
        ],
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ],
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ],
        [
          "hardship",
          "hardship"
        ],
        [
          "suffering",
          "suffering"
        ],
        [
          "hard time",
          "hard time"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "kùnkǔ",
          "word": "困苦"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huànnàn",
          "word": "患難"
        },
        {
          "roman": "huànnàn",
          "word": "患难"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuhuàn",
          "word": "憂患"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yōuhuàn",
          "word": "忧患"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fēnglàng",
          "tags": [
            "figuratively"
          ],
          "word": "風浪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fēnglàng",
          "tags": [
            "figuratively"
          ],
          "word": "风浪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "mózhàng",
          "tags": [
            "figuratively"
          ],
          "word": "魔障"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mónàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mo⁴ naan⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "mô͘-lān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mónàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mónàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mo²-nan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mwó-nàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "monann"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "монань"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "monanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu̯ɔ³⁵ nän⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mòh naahn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mo⁴ naan⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mo⁴ nan⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔː²¹ naːn²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mô͘-lān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "môo-lān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "molan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² lan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu̯ɔ³⁵ nän⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔː²¹ naːn²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² lan²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan²²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "磨難"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "磨難",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese nouns",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien nouns",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "Mandarin terms with homophones"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "trial; tribulation; torment; cross to bear; hardship; suffering; hard time"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "trial",
          "trial"
        ],
        [
          "tribulation",
          "tribulation"
        ],
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ],
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ],
        [
          "hardship",
          "hardship"
        ],
        [
          "suffering",
          "suffering"
        ],
        [
          "hard time",
          "hard time"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mónàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mo⁴ naan⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "mô͘-lān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mónàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄛˊ ㄋㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mónàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mo²-nan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mwó-nàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "monann"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "монань"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "monanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu̯ɔ³⁵ nän⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mòh naahn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mo⁴ naan⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mo⁴ nan⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔː²¹ naːn²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mô͘-lān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "môo-lān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "molan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² lan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu̯ɔ³⁵ nän⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔː²¹ naːn²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² lan²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lan²²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kùnkǔ",
      "word": "困苦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huànnàn",
      "word": "患難"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huànnàn",
      "word": "患难"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuhuàn",
      "word": "憂患"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yōuhuàn",
      "word": "忧患"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fēnglàng",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "風浪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fēnglàng",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "风浪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mózhàng",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "魔障"
    }
  ],
  "word": "磨難"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"磨難" meaning in Chinese

Noun

Alternative forms