"南無" meaning in Chinese

See 南無 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Mainland-China, standard, Sinological-IPA], /nä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Taiwan, standard, Sinological-IPA], /naː⁵⁵ mou̯²¹/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Sinological-IPA], /naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Sinological-IPA], /la³⁵ mo³⁵/ [Gan, Nanchang, Sinological-IPA], /na¹¹ mo¹¹/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA], /na¹³⁻¹¹ mo¹³/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /na²⁴⁻²¹ mo²⁴/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /lam²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, IPA], /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bu²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, IPA, Taipei], /lam¹³⁻²² bu¹³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, IPA], /lam²³⁻³³ bu²³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, IPA, Kaohsiung], /nã²³⁻³³ mɔ̃²³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Taiwan, variant, IPA, Kaohsiung], /nã²⁴⁻¹¹ mɔ̃²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Taiwan, variant, IPA, Taipei]
Etymology: Borrowed from Sanskrit नमो (namo), the sandhi form of Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”) that appears before words beginning with a voiced consonant, which was presumably common in Buddhist texts. The modern pronunciations are irregular in order to match the original Sanskrit pronunciation. Etymology templates: {{bor|zh|sa|नमो}} Sanskrit नमो (namo), {{der|zh|sa|नमस्|lit=a bow}} Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”) Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 南無 Forms: 南无 [Simplified-Chinese], 南摸, 南謨, 曩謨, 南膜, 南摩, 納慕, 那謨, 那模, 娜母, 喃嘸
  1. (Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva). Derived forms: 南無佛, 南无佛, 南無本師釋迦牟尼佛, 南无本师释迦牟尼佛, 南無耶 (námóyé), 南无耶 (námóyé), 南無觀世音菩薩, 南无观世音菩萨, 南無阿彌陀佛, 南无阿弥陀佛
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "南無"
          },
          "expansion": "南無",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "南無",
            "2": "なむ",
            "gloss": "",
            "pos": ""
          },
          "expansion": "南無(なむ) (namu)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "南無",
            "2": "なも",
            "gloss": "",
            "pos": ""
          },
          "expansion": "南無(なも) (namo)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "나무(南無)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "南無",
            "id2": "",
            "id3": "",
            "id4": "",
            "pos": "",
            "pos2": "",
            "pos3": "",
            "pos4": "",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "nam mô",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "南無",
            "pos": "",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "南無"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "南無",
            "2": "なむ",
            "3": "나무",
            "4": "nam mô",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "南無",
            "j2": "なも",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "南無",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "南無",
            "v": "南無",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (南無):\n* → Japanese: 南無(なむ) (namu); 南無(なも) (namo)\n* → Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)\n* → Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "なむ",
            "3": "나무",
            "4": "nam mô",
            "j2": "なも"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (南無):\n* → Japanese: 南無(なむ) (namu); 南無(なも) (namo)\n* → Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)\n* → Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (南無):\n* → Japanese: 南無(なむ) (namu); 南無(なも) (namo)\n* → Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)\n* → Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "नमो"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit नमो (namo)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "नमस्",
        "lit": "a bow"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit नमो (namo), the sandhi form of Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”) that appears before words beginning with a voiced consonant, which was presumably common in Buddhist texts.\nThe modern pronunciations are irregular in order to match the original Sanskrit pronunciation.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "南无",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "南摸"
    },
    {
      "form": "南謨"
    },
    {
      "form": "曩謨"
    },
    {
      "form": "南膜"
    },
    {
      "form": "南摩"
    },
    {
      "form": "納慕"
    },
    {
      "form": "那謨"
    },
    {
      "form": "那模"
    },
    {
      "form": "娜母"
    },
    {
      "form": "喃嘸"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "南無",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Buddhism",
          "orig": "zh:Buddhism",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "南無佛"
        },
        {
          "word": "南无佛"
        },
        {
          "word": "南無本師釋迦牟尼佛"
        },
        {
          "word": "南无本师释迦牟尼佛"
        },
        {
          "roman": "námóyé",
          "word": "南無耶"
        },
        {
          "roman": "námóyé",
          "word": "南无耶"
        },
        {
          "word": "南無觀世音菩薩"
        },
        {
          "word": "南无观世音菩萨"
        },
        {
          "word": "南無阿彌陀佛"
        },
        {
          "word": "南无阿弥陀佛"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva)."
      ],
      "id": "en-南無-zh-verb-8sD-F~R8",
      "links": [
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "Buddhist",
          "Buddhist#English"
        ],
        [
          "salutation",
          "salutation#English"
        ],
        [
          "expression",
          "expression#English"
        ],
        [
          "faith",
          "faith#English"
        ],
        [
          "salute",
          "salute"
        ],
        [
          "homage",
          "homage"
        ],
        [
          "take refuge",
          "take refuge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nāmó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "námó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄚ ㄇㄛˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄚˊ ㄇㄛˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mou⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "la⁴ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nà-mò"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na² mo²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lâm-bû"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nâ-mô͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nāmó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄚ ㄇㄛˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "namó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na¹-mo²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nā-mwó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nhamo"
    },
    {
      "roman": "namo",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "намо"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "námó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄚˊ ㄇㄛˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "námó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na²-mo²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ná-mwó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "namo"
    },
    {
      "roman": "namo",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "намо"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mou⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nā mòuh"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nā mòh"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mou⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na¹ mou⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na¹ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naː⁵⁵ mou̯²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "la⁴ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/la³⁵ mo³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nà-mò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na^ˇ mo^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na² mo²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/na¹¹ mo¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na² mo²"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "phonetic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na⁵ mo²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/na¹³⁻¹¹ mo¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na² mo²"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "phonetic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na⁵ mo²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/na²⁴⁻²¹ mo²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lâm-bû"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lâm-bû"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lambuu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lam²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bu²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lam¹³⁻²² bu¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lam²³⁻³³ bu²³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nâ-mô͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nâ-môo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "namoo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nã²³⁻³³ mɔ̃²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nã²⁴⁻¹¹ mɔ̃²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nom mju"
    }
  ],
  "word": "南無"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "南無佛"
    },
    {
      "word": "南无佛"
    },
    {
      "word": "南無本師釋迦牟尼佛"
    },
    {
      "word": "南无本师释迦牟尼佛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "námóyé",
      "word": "南無耶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "námóyé",
      "word": "南无耶"
    },
    {
      "word": "南無觀世音菩薩"
    },
    {
      "word": "南无观世音菩萨"
    },
    {
      "word": "南無阿彌陀佛"
    },
    {
      "word": "南无阿弥陀佛"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "南無"
          },
          "expansion": "南無",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "南無",
            "2": "なむ",
            "gloss": "",
            "pos": ""
          },
          "expansion": "南無(なむ) (namu)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "南無",
            "2": "なも",
            "gloss": "",
            "pos": ""
          },
          "expansion": "南無(なも) (namo)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "나무(南無)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "南無",
            "id2": "",
            "id3": "",
            "id4": "",
            "pos": "",
            "pos2": "",
            "pos3": "",
            "pos4": "",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "nam mô",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "南無",
            "pos": "",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "南無"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "南無",
            "2": "なむ",
            "3": "나무",
            "4": "nam mô",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "南無",
            "j2": "なも",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "南無",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "南無",
            "v": "南無",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (南無):\n* → Japanese: 南無(なむ) (namu); 南無(なも) (namo)\n* → Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)\n* → Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "なむ",
            "3": "나무",
            "4": "nam mô",
            "j2": "なも"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (南無):\n* → Japanese: 南無(なむ) (namu); 南無(なも) (namo)\n* → Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)\n* → Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (南無):\n* → Japanese: 南無(なむ) (namu); 南無(なも) (namo)\n* → Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)\n* → Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "नमो"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit नमो (namo)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "नमस्",
        "lit": "a bow"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit नमो (namo), the sandhi form of Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”) that appears before words beginning with a voiced consonant, which was presumably common in Buddhist texts.\nThe modern pronunciations are irregular in order to match the original Sanskrit pronunciation.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "南无",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "南摸"
    },
    {
      "form": "南謨"
    },
    {
      "form": "曩謨"
    },
    {
      "form": "南膜"
    },
    {
      "form": "南摩"
    },
    {
      "form": "納慕"
    },
    {
      "form": "那謨"
    },
    {
      "form": "那模"
    },
    {
      "form": "娜母"
    },
    {
      "form": "喃嘸"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "南無",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese verbs",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
        "Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 南",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 無",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Chinese verbs",
        "Gan lemmas",
        "Gan terms needing pronunciation attention",
        "Gan verbs",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hakka verbs",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien verbs",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
        "Mandarin verbs",
        "Middle Chinese lemmas",
        "Middle Chinese verbs",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Puxian Min lemmas",
        "Puxian Min verbs",
        "zh:Buddhism"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "Buddhist",
          "Buddhist#English"
        ],
        [
          "salutation",
          "salutation#English"
        ],
        [
          "expression",
          "expression#English"
        ],
        [
          "faith",
          "faith#English"
        ],
        [
          "salute",
          "salute"
        ],
        [
          "homage",
          "homage"
        ],
        [
          "take refuge",
          "take refuge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nāmó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "námó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄚ ㄇㄛˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄚˊ ㄇㄛˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mou⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "la⁴ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nà-mò"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na² mo²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lâm-bû"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nâ-mô͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nāmó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄚ ㄇㄛˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "namó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na¹-mo²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nā-mwó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nhamo"
    },
    {
      "roman": "namo",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "намо"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Mainland-China",
        "standard",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "námó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄚˊ ㄇㄛˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "námó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na²-mo²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ná-mwó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "namo"
    },
    {
      "roman": "namo",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "намо"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Taiwan",
        "standard",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mou⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nā mòuh"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nā mòh"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mou⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "naa¹ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na¹ mou⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na¹ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naː⁵⁵ mou̯²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "la⁴ mo⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/la³⁵ mo³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nà-mò"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na^ˇ mo^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na² mo²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/na¹¹ mo¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na² mo²"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "phonetic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na⁵ mo²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/na¹³⁻¹¹ mo¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na² mo²"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "phonetic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "na⁵ mo²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/na²⁴⁻²¹ mo²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lâm-bû"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lâm-bû"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lambuu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lam²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bu²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lam¹³⁻²² bu¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lam²³⁻³³ bu²³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nâ-mô͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nâ-môo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "namoo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nã²³⁻³³ mɔ̃²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nã²⁴⁻¹¹ mɔ̃²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nom mju"
    }
  ],
  "word": "南無"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 南無 meaning in Chinese (11.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.