See 升華 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "nínghuá",
"sense": "to sublimate",
"word": "凝華"
},
{
"roman": "nínghuá",
"sense": "to sublimate",
"word": "凝华"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Weather",
"orig": "zh:Weather",
"parents": [
"Atmosphere",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "昇華",
"2": "しょうか"
},
"expansion": "昇華(しょうか) (shōka)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sense #2 was influenced by Japanese 昇華(しょうか) (shōka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "升华",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "昇華",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "升華",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 31 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 29 18 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 26 13 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 26 26 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Chemical processes",
"orig": "zh:Chemical processes",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be promoted to a higher official post"
],
"id": "en-升華-zh-verb-qEjtaetv",
"links": [
[
"promote",
"promote"
],
[
"higher",
"higher"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to be promoted to a higher official post"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Physics",
"orig": "zh:Physics",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 31 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 26 26 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Chemical processes",
"orig": "zh:Chemical processes",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sublimate; to sublime"
],
"id": "en-升華-zh-verb-QwHA~dOa",
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"sublimate",
"sublimate"
],
[
"sublime",
"sublime"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) to sublimate; to sublime"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Psychology",
"orig": "zh:Psychology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 31 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 26 26 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Chemical processes",
"orig": "zh:Chemical processes",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sublimate; to sublime"
],
"id": "en-升華-zh-verb-QwHA~dOa1",
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"sublimate",
"sublimate"
],
[
"sublime",
"sublime"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) to sublimate; to sublime"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 31 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 26 26 25",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Chemical processes",
"orig": "zh:Chemical processes",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be elevated to the sublime; to raise to a higher level; to be purified"
],
"id": "en-升華-zh-verb-esCWRxjT",
"links": [
[
"elevate",
"elevate"
],
[
"sublime",
"sublime"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"higher",
"higher"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"purified",
"purified"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to be elevated to the sublime; to raise to a higher level; to be purified"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "shēnghuá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄕㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "sing¹ waa⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "seng-hôa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shēnghuá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "shenghuá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "shêng¹-hua²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "shēng-hwá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shenghwa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "шэнхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "šɛnxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sīng wàh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sing¹ waa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "xing¹ wa⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "seng-hôa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "sing-huâ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "senghoaa"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ³³ hua²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ³³ hua²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³/"
}
],
"word": "升華"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "nínghuá",
"sense": "to sublimate",
"word": "凝華"
},
{
"roman": "nínghuá",
"sense": "to sublimate",
"word": "凝华"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
"Chinese terms spelled with 升",
"Chinese terms spelled with 華",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Chemical processes",
"zh:Weather"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "昇華",
"2": "しょうか"
},
"expansion": "昇華(しょうか) (shōka)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sense #2 was influenced by Japanese 昇華(しょうか) (shōka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "升华",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "昇華",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "升華",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"to be promoted to a higher official post"
],
"links": [
[
"promote",
"promote"
],
[
"higher",
"higher"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to be promoted to a higher official post"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"zh:Physics"
],
"glosses": [
"to sublimate; to sublime"
],
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"sublimate",
"sublimate"
],
[
"sublime",
"sublime"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) to sublimate; to sublime"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"zh:Psychology"
],
"glosses": [
"to sublimate; to sublime"
],
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"sublimate",
"sublimate"
],
[
"sublime",
"sublime"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology) to sublimate; to sublime"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be elevated to the sublime; to raise to a higher level; to be purified"
],
"links": [
[
"elevate",
"elevate"
],
[
"sublime",
"sublime"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"higher",
"higher"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"purified",
"purified"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to be elevated to the sublime; to raise to a higher level; to be purified"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "shēnghuá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄕㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "sing¹ waa⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "seng-hôa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shēnghuá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "shenghuá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "shêng¹-hua²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "shēng-hwá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shenghwa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "шэнхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "šɛnxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "sīng wàh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "sing¹ waa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "xing¹ wa⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "seng-hôa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "sing-huâ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "senghoaa"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ³³ hua²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ³³ hua²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³/"
}
],
"word": "升華"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 升華 meaning in Chinese (4.2kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"升華"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "升華",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"升華"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "升華",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"升華"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "升華",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"升華"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "升華",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.