"共同" meaning in Chinese

See 共同 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/, /kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/, /kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/, /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/, /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/, /kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/, /kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/ Chinese transliterations: gòngtóng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gung⁶ tung⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khiung-thùng [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], kiōng-tông, gòngtóng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], gòngtóng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], kung⁴-tʻung² [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], gùng-túng [Mandarin, Yale], gonqtorng [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], гунтун [Mandarin, Palladius], guntun [Mandarin, Palladius], guhng tùhng [Cantonese, Yale], gung⁶ tung⁴ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gung⁶ tung⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], khiung-thùng [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], kiung tungˇ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], kiung⁴ tung² [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], kiōng-tông [Hokkien, POJ], kiōng-tông [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kioxngdoong [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 共同
  1. (attributive) mutual; common; joint; collaborative Tags: attributive
    Sense id: en-共同-zh-adj-GEOvQS3e Categories (other): Elementary Mandarin Disambiguation of Elementary Mandarin: 56 44

Adverb

IPA: /kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/, /kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/, /kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/, /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/, /kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/, /kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/, /kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/ Chinese transliterations: gòngtóng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gung⁶ tung⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khiung-thùng [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], kiōng-tông, gòngtóng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], gòngtóng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], kung⁴-tʻung² [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], gùng-túng [Mandarin, Yale], gonqtorng [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], гунтун [Mandarin, Palladius], guntun [Mandarin, Palladius], guhng tùhng [Cantonese, Yale], gung⁶ tung⁴ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gung⁶ tung⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], khiung-thùng [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], kiung tungˇ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], kiung⁴ tung² [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], kiōng-tông [Hokkien, POJ], kiōng-tông [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kioxngdoong [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adverb}} 共同
  1. together; jointly; in collaboration; with joint efforts
    Sense id: en-共同-zh-adv-zAp3wchs Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 10 90 Synonyms: 一同 (yītóng), 一塊 (yīkuài) [Mandarin], 一块 (yīkuài) [Mandarin], 一致 (yīzhì), 一起 (yīqǐ), 一路 (yīlù), 一道 (yīdào), 一頭 (yītóu) [dialectal], 一头 (yītóu) [dialectal], 伴同 (bàntóng), 相與 (xiāngyǔ), 相与 (xiāngyǔ) Derived forms: 共同交通 (gòngtóng jiāotōng), 共同交際語, 共同交际语, 共同代理, 共同代表, 共同企業, 共同企业, 共同保證, 共同保证, 共同努力, 共同基金 (gòngtóng jījīn), 共同市場, 共同市场, 共同感覺, 共同感觉, 共同戶頭 (gòngtóng hùtóu), 共同户头 (gòngtóng hùtóu), 共同正犯 (gòngtóng zhèngfàn), 共同決議案, 共同决议案, 共同科目, 共同管道, 共同經營, 共同经营, 共同繼承, 共同继承, 共同被告人, 共同訴訟, 共同诉讼, 共同語 (gòngtóngyǔ), 共同语 (gòngtóngyǔ), 共同語言 (gòngtóng yǔyán), 共同语言 (gòngtóng yǔyán), 共同財產, 共同财产, 共同財產制, 共同财产制, 共同起訴 (gòngtóng qǐsù), 共同起诉 (gòngtóng qǐsù), 共同趨向, 共同趋向, 共同通訊社 (Gòngtóng tōngxùnshè), 共同通讯社 (Gòngtóng tōngxùnshè), 共同運銷, 共同运销, 共同體 (gòngtóngtǐ), 共同体 (gòngtóngtǐ), 共同點 (gòngtóngdiǎn), 共同点 (gòngtóngdiǎn)

Download JSON data for 共同 meaning in Chinese (10.5kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "共同",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "common ideals",
          "roman": "gòngtóng lǐxiǎng",
          "text": "共同理想",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mutual; common; joint; collaborative"
      ],
      "id": "en-共同-zh-adj-GEOvQS3e",
      "links": [
        [
          "mutual",
          "mutual"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "joint",
          "joint"
        ],
        [
          "collaborative",
          "collaborative"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attributive) mutual; common; joint; collaborative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiung-thùng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴-tʻung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gùng-túng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gonqtorng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунтун"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guntun"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guhng tùhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiung-thùng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiung tungˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiung⁴ tung²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kioxngdoong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "共同"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "共同"
          },
          "expansion": "共同",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "共同",
            "2": "きょうどう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "共同(きょうどう) (kyōdō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "공동(共同)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 공동(共同) (gongdong)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "共同",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "共同",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "cộng đồng",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "共同"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cộng đồng (共同)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "共同",
            "2": "きょうどう",
            "3": "공동",
            "4": "cộng đồng",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "共同",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "共同",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "共同",
            "v": "共同",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (共同):\n* → Japanese: 共同(きょうどう) (kyōdō)\n* → Korean: 공동(共同) (gongdong)\n* → Vietnamese: cộng đồng (共同)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "きょうどう",
            "3": "공동",
            "4": "cộng đồng"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (共同):\n* → Japanese: 共同(きょうどう) (kyōdō)\n* → Korean: 공동(共同) (gongdong)\n* → Vietnamese: cộng đồng (共同)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (共同):\n* → Japanese: 共同(きょうどう) (kyōdō)\n* → Korean: 공동(共同) (gongdong)\n* → Vietnamese: cộng đồng (共同)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "共同",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng jiāotōng",
          "word": "共同交通"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同交際語"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同交际语"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同代理"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同代表"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同企業"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同企业"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同保證"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同保证"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同努力"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng jījīn",
          "word": "共同基金"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同市場"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同市场"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同感覺"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同感觉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng hùtóu",
          "word": "共同戶頭"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng hùtóu",
          "word": "共同户头"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng zhèngfàn",
          "word": "共同正犯"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同決議案"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同决议案"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同科目"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同管道"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同經營"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同经营"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同繼承"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同继承"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同被告人"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同訴訟"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同诉讼"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóngyǔ",
          "word": "共同語"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóngyǔ",
          "word": "共同语"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng yǔyán",
          "word": "共同語言"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng yǔyán",
          "word": "共同语言"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同財產"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同财产"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同財產制"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同财产制"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng qǐsù",
          "word": "共同起訴"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóng qǐsù",
          "word": "共同起诉"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同趨向"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同趋向"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Gòngtóng tōngxùnshè",
          "word": "共同通訊社"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Gòngtóng tōngxùnshè",
          "word": "共同通讯社"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同運銷"
        },
        {
          "word": "共同运销"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóngtǐ",
          "word": "共同體"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóngtǐ",
          "word": "共同体"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóngdiǎn",
          "word": "共同點"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gòngtóngdiǎn",
          "word": "共同点"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to work together",
          "roman": "gòngtóng nǔlì",
          "text": "共同努力",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "together; jointly; in collaboration; with joint efforts"
      ],
      "id": "en-共同-zh-adv-zAp3wchs",
      "links": [
        [
          "together",
          "together"
        ],
        [
          "jointly",
          "jointly"
        ],
        [
          "collaboration",
          "collaboration"
        ],
        [
          "joint",
          "joint"
        ],
        [
          "effort",
          "effort"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "yītóng",
          "word": "一同"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīkuài",
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin"
          ],
          "word": "一塊"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīkuài",
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin"
          ],
          "word": "一块"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīzhì",
          "word": "一致"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīqǐ",
          "word": "一起"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīlù",
          "word": "一路"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yīdào",
          "word": "一道"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yītóu",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal"
          ],
          "word": "一頭"
        },
        {
          "roman": "yītóu",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal"
          ],
          "word": "一头"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bàntóng",
          "word": "伴同"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiāngyǔ",
          "word": "相與"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xiāngyǔ",
          "word": "相与"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiung-thùng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴-tʻung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gùng-túng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gonqtorng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунтун"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guntun"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guhng tùhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiung-thùng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiung tungˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiung⁴ tung²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kioxngdoong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "共同"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese adverbs",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Elementary Mandarin"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "共同",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "common ideals",
          "roman": "gòngtóng lǐxiǎng",
          "text": "共同理想",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mutual; common; joint; collaborative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mutual",
          "mutual"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "joint",
          "joint"
        ],
        [
          "collaborative",
          "collaborative"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attributive) mutual; common; joint; collaborative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiung-thùng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴-tʻung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gùng-túng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gonqtorng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунтун"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guntun"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guhng tùhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiung-thùng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiung tungˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiung⁴ tung²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kioxngdoong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "共同"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese adverbs",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Elementary Mandarin"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng jiāotōng",
      "word": "共同交通"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同交際語"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同交际语"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同代理"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同代表"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同企業"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同企业"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同保證"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同保证"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同努力"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng jījīn",
      "word": "共同基金"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同市場"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同市场"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同感覺"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同感觉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng hùtóu",
      "word": "共同戶頭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng hùtóu",
      "word": "共同户头"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng zhèngfàn",
      "word": "共同正犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同決議案"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同决议案"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同科目"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同管道"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同經營"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同经营"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同繼承"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同继承"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同被告人"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同訴訟"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同诉讼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóngyǔ",
      "word": "共同語"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóngyǔ",
      "word": "共同语"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng yǔyán",
      "word": "共同語言"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng yǔyán",
      "word": "共同语言"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同財產"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同财产"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同財產制"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同财产制"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng qǐsù",
      "word": "共同起訴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng qǐsù",
      "word": "共同起诉"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同趨向"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同趋向"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Gòngtóng tōngxùnshè",
      "word": "共同通訊社"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Gòngtóng tōngxùnshè",
      "word": "共同通讯社"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同運銷"
    },
    {
      "word": "共同运销"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóngtǐ",
      "word": "共同體"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóngtǐ",
      "word": "共同体"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóngdiǎn",
      "word": "共同點"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóngdiǎn",
      "word": "共同点"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "共同"
          },
          "expansion": "共同",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "共同",
            "2": "きょうどう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "共同(きょうどう) (kyōdō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "공동(共同)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 공동(共同) (gongdong)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "共同",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "共同",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "cộng đồng",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "共同"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cộng đồng (共同)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "共同",
            "2": "きょうどう",
            "3": "공동",
            "4": "cộng đồng",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "共同",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "共同",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "共同",
            "v": "共同",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (共同):\n* → Japanese: 共同(きょうどう) (kyōdō)\n* → Korean: 공동(共同) (gongdong)\n* → Vietnamese: cộng đồng (共同)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "きょうどう",
            "3": "공동",
            "4": "cộng đồng"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (共同):\n* → Japanese: 共同(きょうどう) (kyōdō)\n* → Korean: 공동(共同) (gongdong)\n* → Vietnamese: cộng đồng (共同)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (共同):\n* → Japanese: 共同(きょうどう) (kyōdō)\n* → Korean: 공동(共同) (gongdong)\n* → Vietnamese: cộng đồng (共同)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "共同",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to work together",
          "roman": "gòngtóng nǔlì",
          "text": "共同努力",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "together; jointly; in collaboration; with joint efforts"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "together",
          "together"
        ],
        [
          "jointly",
          "jointly"
        ],
        [
          "collaboration",
          "collaboration"
        ],
        [
          "joint",
          "joint"
        ],
        [
          "effort",
          "effort"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiung-thùng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gòngtóng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung⁴-tʻung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gùng-túng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gonqtorng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунтун"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guntun"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guhng tùhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung⁶ tung⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khiung-thùng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiung tungˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiung⁴ tung²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiōng-tông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kioxngdoong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "yītóng",
      "word": "一同"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīkuài",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "一塊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīkuài",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "一块"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīzhì",
      "word": "一致"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīqǐ",
      "word": "一起"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīlù",
      "word": "一路"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīdào",
      "word": "一道"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yītóu",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "word": "一頭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yītóu",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "word": "一头"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bàntóng",
      "word": "伴同"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāngyǔ",
      "word": "相與"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiāngyǔ",
      "word": "相与"
    }
  ],
  "word": "共同"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.