See 下士 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "門下士"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "门下士"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "下士"
},
"expansion": "下士",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下士",
"2": "かし",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "下士(かし) (kashi)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "하사(下士)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "下士",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 하사(下士) (hasa)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "hạ sĩ",
"bor": "1",
"id": "下士",
"t": "",
"tr": "下士"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: hạ sĩ (下士)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下士",
"2": "かし",
"3": "하사",
"4": "hạ sĩ",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "下士",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "下士",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "下士",
"v": "下士",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (下士):\n* → Japanese: 下士(かし) (kashi)\n* → Korean: 하사(下士) (hasa)\n* → Vietnamese: hạ sĩ (下士)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "かし",
"3": "하사",
"4": "hạ sĩ"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (下士):\n* → Japanese: 下士(かし) (kashi)\n* → Korean: 하사(下士) (hasa)\n* → Vietnamese: hạ sĩ (下士)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (下士):\n* → Japanese: 下士(かし) (kashi)\n* → Korean: 하사(下士) (hasa)\n* → Vietnamese: hạ sĩ (下士)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "下士",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 20 22 22 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 17 17 8 2 1 1 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 15 19 17 5 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Military ranks",
"orig": "zh:Military ranks",
"parents": [
"Military",
"Positions of authority",
"Titles",
"Society",
"Leaders",
"Occupations",
"People",
"All topics",
"Work",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"corporal (U.S. and British Army, British Air Force, U.S. and British Marine Corps)"
],
"id": "en-下士-zh-noun-mw6gfG~L",
"links": [
[
"corporal",
"corporal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 20 22 22 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 17 17 8 2 1 1 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"petty officer third class (U.S. Navy)"
],
"id": "en-下士-zh-noun-rgAfwJPK",
"links": [
[
"petty officer third class",
"petty officer third class"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 20 22 22 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 17 17 8 2 1 1 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"petty officer second class (British Navy)"
],
"id": "en-下士-zh-noun-7aWakPfU",
"links": [
[
"petty officer second class",
"petty officer second class"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 20 22 22 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 17 17 8 2 1 1 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Scholars of the lowest class, when they have heard about the Dao, laugh greatly at it. If it were not thus laughed at, it would not be fit to be the Dao.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Xiàshì wén dào dàxiào zhī. Bù xiào bùzúyǐ wéi dào.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "下士聞道大笑之。不笑不足以為道。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Scholars of the lowest class, when they have heard about the Dao, laugh greatly at it. If it were not thus laughed at, it would not be fit to be the Dao.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Xiàshì wén dào dàxiào zhī. Bù xiào bùzúyǐ wéi dào.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "下士闻道大笑之。不笑不足以为道。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"person, especially a member of the educated social classes, who is of inferior standing, intelligence, or ethics"
],
"id": "en-下士-zh-noun-UDZGf2M0",
"links": [
[
"educated",
"educated"
],
[
"social class",
"social class"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior"
],
[
"standing",
"standing"
],
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
],
[
"ethics",
"ethics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) person, especially a member of the educated social classes, who is of inferior standing, intelligence, or ethics"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁴ si⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"zh-pron": "hāsī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāsiī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ si⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁵ si⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "xia³ si³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "xia⁵ sr⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshìh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shih⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shr̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshyh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "сяши"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "sjaši"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xias"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hāsī"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāsiī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁴ sii⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hah sih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ si⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁶ xi⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² siː²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁵ si⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha¹¹ sz̩¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "xia³ si³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²² sɯ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "haxsu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁵ sr⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "haeX dzriX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡˤraʔ [m-s-]rəʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡraːʔ zrɯʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/ hā-sū /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² siː²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha¹¹ sz̩¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²² sɯ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/"
},
{
"other": "[m-s-]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡraːʔ zrɯʔ/"
}
],
"word": "下士"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "shàngshì",
"word": "上士"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "下士",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Xiangqi",
"orig": "zh:Xiangqi",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to move an adviser (士) back one step diagonally"
],
"id": "en-下士-zh-verb-nEGymiZF",
"links": [
[
"xiangqi",
"xiangqi"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"adviser",
"adviser"
],
[
"士",
"士#Chinese"
],
[
"step",
"step"
],
[
"diagonally",
"diagonally"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(xiangqi) to move an adviser (士) back one step diagonally"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Harbin"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xining"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xining"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "收士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Jixi"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "撐下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "撐下士子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Leizhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "收士"
},
{
"word": "Harbin"
},
{
"word": "落士"
},
{
"word": "Jinan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Muping"
],
"word": "Yantai"
},
{
"word": "Luoyang"
},
{
"word": "Wanrong"
},
{
"word": "Xi'an"
},
{
"word": "Xining"
},
{
"word": "Xuzhou"
},
{
"word": "Yinchuan"
},
{
"word": "Ürümqi"
},
{
"word": "Chengdu"
},
{
"word": "Guiyang"
},
{
"word": "Liuzhou"
},
{
"word": "收士"
},
{
"word": "Nanjing"
},
{
"word": "Yangzhou"
},
{
"word": "Dongguan"
},
{
"word": "Nanchang"
},
{
"word": "Lichuan"
},
{
"word": "Pingxiang"
},
{
"word": "Jixi"
},
{
"word": "Taiyuan"
},
{
"word": "Xinzhou"
},
{
"word": "撐下士"
},
{
"word": "撐下士子"
},
{
"word": "Jian'ou"
},
{
"word": "Leizhou"
},
{
"word": "Haikou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "Nanning"
},
{
"word": "Shanghai"
},
{
"word": "Suzhou"
},
{
"word": "Danyang"
},
{
"word": "Hangzhou"
},
{
"word": "Ningbo"
},
{
"word": "Wenzhou"
},
{
"word": "Changsha"
}
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"games",
"xiangqi"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁴ si⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"zh-pron": "hāsī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāsiī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ si⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁵ si⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "xia³ si³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "xia⁵ sr⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshìh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shih⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shr̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshyh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "сяши"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "sjaši"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xias"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hāsī"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāsiī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁴ sii⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hah sih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ si⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁶ xi⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² siː²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁵ si⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha¹¹ sz̩¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "xia³ si³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²² sɯ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "haxsu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁵ sr⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "haeX dzriX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡˤraʔ [m-s-]rəʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡraːʔ zrɯʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/ hā-sū /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² siː²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha¹¹ sz̩¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²² sɯ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/"
},
{
"other": "[m-s-]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡraːʔ zrɯʔ/"
}
],
"word": "下士"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Literally, \"to lower oneself to the level of the shi (low-ranking persons just above the commoners)\". Typically refers to efforts of promoting or socialising with people without discrimination regarding social hierarchy.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "下士",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "屈身下士"
},
{
"word": "折節下士"
},
{
"word": "折节下士"
},
{
"word": "招賢下士"
},
{
"word": "招贤下士"
},
{
"word": "推賢下士"
},
{
"word": "推贤下士"
},
{
"word": "求賢下士"
},
{
"word": "求贤下士"
},
{
"word": "知人下士"
},
{
"word": "謙以下士"
},
{
"word": "谦以下士"
},
{
"word": "謙恭下士"
},
{
"word": "谦恭下士"
},
{
"word": "謙謙下士"
},
{
"word": "谦谦下士"
},
{
"word": "謙遜下士"
},
{
"word": "谦逊下士"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Prince is kind and treats the shi with respect. He deals with them with humility and the appropriate manners regardless of their standing or ability. He is especially careful not to behave patronizingly out of his own status and wealth.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE",
"roman": "Gōngzǐ wéirén rén ér xiàshì, shì wú xián bùxiào jiē qiān ér lǐ jiāo zhī, bùgǎn yǐ qí fùguì jiāo shì.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "公子為人仁而下士，士無賢不肖皆謙而禮交之，不敢以其富貴驕士。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Prince is kind and treats the shi with respect. He deals with them with humility and the appropriate manners regardless of their standing or ability. He is especially careful not to behave patronizingly out of his own status and wealth.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE",
"roman": "Gōngzǐ wéirén rén ér xiàshì, shì wú xián bùxiào jiē qiān ér lǐ jiāo zhī, bùgǎn yǐ qí fùguì jiāo shì.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "公子为人仁而下士，士无贤不肖皆谦而礼交之，不敢以其富贵骄士。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to display humility and respect towards lower-class persons"
],
"id": "en-下士-zh-verb-lfFj10fi",
"links": [
[
"humility",
"humility"
],
[
"respect",
"respect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete, of a high-ranking individual) to display humility and respect towards lower-class persons"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a high-ranking individual"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshìh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shih⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shr̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshyh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "сяши"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "sjaši"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "haeH dzriX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*m-ɡˤraʔ-s [m-s-]rəʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡraːs zrɯʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"other": "[m-s-]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡraːs zrɯʔ/"
}
],
"word": "下士"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 下",
"Chinese terms spelled with 士",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Middle Chinese verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Military ranks"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "門下士"
},
{
"word": "门下士"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "下士"
},
"expansion": "下士",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下士",
"2": "かし",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "下士(かし) (kashi)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "하사(下士)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "下士",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 하사(下士) (hasa)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "hạ sĩ",
"bor": "1",
"id": "下士",
"t": "",
"tr": "下士"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: hạ sĩ (下士)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下士",
"2": "かし",
"3": "하사",
"4": "hạ sĩ",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "下士",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "下士",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "下士",
"v": "下士",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (下士):\n* → Japanese: 下士(かし) (kashi)\n* → Korean: 하사(下士) (hasa)\n* → Vietnamese: hạ sĩ (下士)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "かし",
"3": "하사",
"4": "hạ sĩ"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (下士):\n* → Japanese: 下士(かし) (kashi)\n* → Korean: 하사(下士) (hasa)\n* → Vietnamese: hạ sĩ (下士)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (下士):\n* → Japanese: 下士(かし) (kashi)\n* → Korean: 하사(下士) (hasa)\n* → Vietnamese: hạ sĩ (下士)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "下士",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"corporal (U.S. and British Army, British Air Force, U.S. and British Marine Corps)"
],
"links": [
[
"corporal",
"corporal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"petty officer third class (U.S. Navy)"
],
"links": [
[
"petty officer third class",
"petty officer third class"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"petty officer second class (British Navy)"
],
"links": [
[
"petty officer second class",
"petty officer second class"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with archaic senses",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Scholars of the lowest class, when they have heard about the Dao, laugh greatly at it. If it were not thus laughed at, it would not be fit to be the Dao.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Xiàshì wén dào dàxiào zhī. Bù xiào bùzúyǐ wéi dào.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "下士聞道大笑之。不笑不足以為道。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Scholars of the lowest class, when they have heard about the Dao, laugh greatly at it. If it were not thus laughed at, it would not be fit to be the Dao.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Tao Te Ching, 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Xiàshì wén dào dàxiào zhī. Bù xiào bùzúyǐ wéi dào.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "下士闻道大笑之。不笑不足以为道。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"person, especially a member of the educated social classes, who is of inferior standing, intelligence, or ethics"
],
"links": [
[
"educated",
"educated"
],
[
"social class",
"social class"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior"
],
[
"standing",
"standing"
],
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
],
[
"ethics",
"ethics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) person, especially a member of the educated social classes, who is of inferior standing, intelligence, or ethics"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁴ si⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"zh-pron": "hāsī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāsiī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ si⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁵ si⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "xia³ si³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "xia⁵ sr⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshìh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shih⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shr̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshyh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "сяши"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "sjaši"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xias"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hāsī"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāsiī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁴ sii⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hah sih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ si⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁶ xi⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² siː²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁵ si⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha¹¹ sz̩¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "xia³ si³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²² sɯ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "haxsu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁵ sr⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "haeX dzriX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡˤraʔ [m-s-]rəʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡraːʔ zrɯʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/ hā-sū /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² siː²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha¹¹ sz̩¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²² sɯ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/"
},
{
"other": "[m-s-]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡraːʔ zrɯʔ/"
}
],
"word": "下士"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "shàngshì",
"word": "上士"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 下",
"Chinese terms spelled with 士",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Middle Chinese verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Military ranks"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "下士",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Xiangqi"
],
"glosses": [
"to move an adviser (士) back one step diagonally"
],
"links": [
[
"xiangqi",
"xiangqi"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"adviser",
"adviser"
],
[
"士",
"士#Chinese"
],
[
"step",
"step"
],
[
"diagonally",
"diagonally"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(xiangqi) to move an adviser (士) back one step diagonally"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"games",
"xiangqi"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁴ si⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"zh-pron": "hāsī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāsiī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ si⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁵ si⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "xia³ si³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "xia⁵ sr⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshìh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shih⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shr̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshyh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "сяши"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "sjaši"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xias"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hāsī"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiāsiī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁴ sii⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hah sih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ si⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁶ xi⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² siː²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁵ si⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha¹¹ sz̩¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "xia³ si³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hǎ-sǐr"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²² sɯ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "haxsu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-sū"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "xia⁵ sr⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "haeX dzriX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡˤraʔ [m-s-]rəʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡraːʔ zrɯʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/ hā-sū /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xa⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² siː²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha¹¹ sz̩¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²² sɯ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/"
},
{
"other": "[m-s-]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡraːʔ zrɯʔ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Harbin"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xining"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xining"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "收士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Jixi"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "撐下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "撐下士子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Leizhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "落士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "下士"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "收士"
},
{
"word": "Harbin"
},
{
"word": "落士"
},
{
"word": "Jinan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Muping"
],
"word": "Yantai"
},
{
"word": "Luoyang"
},
{
"word": "Wanrong"
},
{
"word": "Xi'an"
},
{
"word": "Xining"
},
{
"word": "Xuzhou"
},
{
"word": "Yinchuan"
},
{
"word": "Ürümqi"
},
{
"word": "Chengdu"
},
{
"word": "Guiyang"
},
{
"word": "Liuzhou"
},
{
"word": "收士"
},
{
"word": "Nanjing"
},
{
"word": "Yangzhou"
},
{
"word": "Dongguan"
},
{
"word": "Nanchang"
},
{
"word": "Lichuan"
},
{
"word": "Pingxiang"
},
{
"word": "Jixi"
},
{
"word": "Taiyuan"
},
{
"word": "Xinzhou"
},
{
"word": "撐下士"
},
{
"word": "撐下士子"
},
{
"word": "Jian'ou"
},
{
"word": "Leizhou"
},
{
"word": "Haikou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "Nanning"
},
{
"word": "Shanghai"
},
{
"word": "Suzhou"
},
{
"word": "Danyang"
},
{
"word": "Hangzhou"
},
{
"word": "Ningbo"
},
{
"word": "Wenzhou"
},
{
"word": "Changsha"
}
],
"word": "下士"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 下",
"Chinese terms spelled with 士",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Military ranks"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "屈身下士"
},
{
"word": "折節下士"
},
{
"word": "折节下士"
},
{
"word": "招賢下士"
},
{
"word": "招贤下士"
},
{
"word": "推賢下士"
},
{
"word": "推贤下士"
},
{
"word": "求賢下士"
},
{
"word": "求贤下士"
},
{
"word": "知人下士"
},
{
"word": "謙以下士"
},
{
"word": "谦以下士"
},
{
"word": "謙恭下士"
},
{
"word": "谦恭下士"
},
{
"word": "謙謙下士"
},
{
"word": "谦谦下士"
},
{
"word": "謙遜下士"
},
{
"word": "谦逊下士"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Literally, \"to lower oneself to the level of the shi (low-ranking persons just above the commoners)\". Typically refers to efforts of promoting or socialising with people without discrimination regarding social hierarchy.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "下士",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Prince is kind and treats the shi with respect. He deals with them with humility and the appropriate manners regardless of their standing or ability. He is especially careful not to behave patronizingly out of his own status and wealth.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE",
"roman": "Gōngzǐ wéirén rén ér xiàshì, shì wú xián bùxiào jiē qiān ér lǐ jiāo zhī, bùgǎn yǐ qí fùguì jiāo shì.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "公子為人仁而下士，士無賢不肖皆謙而禮交之，不敢以其富貴驕士。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Prince is kind and treats the shi with respect. He deals with them with humility and the appropriate manners regardless of their standing or ability. He is especially careful not to behave patronizingly out of his own status and wealth.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE",
"roman": "Gōngzǐ wéirén rén ér xiàshì, shì wú xián bùxiào jiē qiān ér lǐ jiāo zhī, bùgǎn yǐ qí fùguì jiāo shì.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "公子为人仁而下士，士无贤不肖皆谦而礼交之，不敢以其富贵骄士。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to display humility and respect towards lower-class persons"
],
"links": [
[
"humility",
"humility"
],
[
"respect",
"respect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, obsolete, of a high-ranking individual) to display humility and respect towards lower-class persons"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a high-ranking individual"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshìh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shih⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shr̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshyh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "сяши"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "sjaši"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "haeH dzriX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*m-ɡˤraʔ-s [m-s-]rəʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡraːs zrɯʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"other": "[m-s-]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡraːs zrɯʔ/"
}
],
"word": "下士"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 下士 meaning in Chinese (20.5kB)
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
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"trace": "started on line 26, detected on line 26"
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
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"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
}
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"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"下士"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"下士"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
}
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"path": [
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"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
}
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"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"下士"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
}
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"path": [
"下士"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"下士"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "下士",
"trace": ""
}
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"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"下士"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "下士",
"trace": "started on line 17, detected on line 17"
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"called_from": "parser/1336",
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"section": "Chinese",
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.