See -ar in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan verb-forming suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 28 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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},
{
"args": {
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"4": "",
"5": "of, pertaining to",
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
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"pos": "",
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"expansion": "Latin -āris (“of, pertaining to”)",
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{
"args": {
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -āris (“of, pertaining to”).",
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{
"form": "-ars",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
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],
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"pos": "suffix",
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "taronger (“orange tree”) + -ar → tarongerar (“orange grove”)",
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}
],
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"forms nouns indicating where a given crop is grown"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "canyís (“common reed”) + -ar → canyissar (“reed bed”)",
"type": "example"
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],
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"forms nouns indicating where something is usually found"
],
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"morpheme"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈar]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɾ]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa]",
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"Balearic",
"Central"
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{
"ipa": "[ˈaɾ]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "-ar"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Catalan first conjugation verbs",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan suffixes",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
"Catalan terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan verb-forming suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 28 entries",
"Pages with entries"
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{
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -āre (first conjugation present active infinitive). The endings of the first and second person plurals come from the Latin second conjugation (1P -em < Lat. -ēmus with loss of the final -us, 2P -eu < Lat. -ētis with loss of the final S); older versions of Catalan had -am (from Latin -āmus with loss of the final -us; the expected ending would be *-amos or *-ames) as the first person plural, and -au (from Latin -ātis with loss of the final S; the expected ending would be *-aus or *-ats) as the second person plural. The third person plural ending -en replaced -ānt due to the stress being pulled to the end in -an, while the second person singular ending -es was affected by natural sound development.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-í",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
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"past"
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},
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},
{
"form": "-ar",
"source": "conjugation",
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"infinitive"
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},
{
"form": "-ant",
"source": "conjugation",
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"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
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"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ada",
"source": "conjugation",
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"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ats",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ades",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-eu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-en",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ava",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-àvem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-àveu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aré",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aràs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-arà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-arem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-areu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aran",
"source": "conjugation",
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"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-í",
"source": "conjugation",
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"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ares",
"source": "conjugation",
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"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-à",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-àrem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-àreu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-aren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "-aria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aries",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aríem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aríeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-arien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-eu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-in",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-és",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-essis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-éssim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-éssiu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-essin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"positive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-em",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-eu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-in",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "no -is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no -i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no -em",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no -eu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no -in",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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"name": "ca-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ca-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "col·lecció (“collection”) + -ar → col·leccionar (“to collect”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms first conjugation verbs indicating an action related to the root word"
],
"links": [
[
"first conjugation",
"Appendix:Catalan verbs#First conjugation"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈa]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɾ]",
"tags": [
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "-ar"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ar meaning in Catalan (13.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: verb-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'jo' base_tags={'singular', 'first-person', 'conjugation-1', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'ell/ella vostè' base_tags={'singular', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'third-person', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'nosaltres nós' base_tags={'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'first-person', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'vosaltres vós' base_tags={'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'ells/elles vostès' base_tags={'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'third-person', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'indicative'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'jo' base_tags={'subjunctive', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'singular', 'conjugation-1'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'ell/ella vostè' base_tags={'subjunctive', 'singular', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'nosaltres nós' base_tags={'subjunctive', 'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'vosaltres vós' base_tags={'subjunctive', 'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'ells/elles vostès' base_tags={'subjunctive', 'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'vostè' base_tags={'singular', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'imperative', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'nosaltres' base_tags={'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'imperative', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'vosaltres vós' base_tags={'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'imperative', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ar/Catalan 'vostès' base_tags={'plural', 'conjugation-1', 'second-person', 'imperative', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"-ar"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ar",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Catalan dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.