See -алка in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -алка meaning in Bulgarian (7.7kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ало"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian -ало (-alo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "-ка (-ka)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-dlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-dlo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ало"
},
"expansion": "-ало (-alo)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-алка"
},
"expansion": "-алка (-alka)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "духам",
"3": "",
"4": "to blow"
},
"expansion": "духам (duham, “to blow”)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "духало",
"3": "",
"4": "blower"
},
"expansion": "духало (duhalo, “blower”)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "духалка",
"3": "",
"4": "fan, ventilator"
},
"expansion": "духалка (duhalka, “fan, ventilator”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive form of Bulgarian -ало (-alo) + -ка (-ka), built upon the instrumental suffix Proto-Slavic *-dlo. In some cases, both the base form in -ало (-alo) and the diminutive form in -алка (-alka) are attested, e.g.:\nдухам (duham, “to blow”) → духало (duhalo, “blower”) → духалка (duhalka, “fan, ventilator”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-alka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-алка • (-alka) f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-lka",
"word": "-лка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-lica",
"word": "-лица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-elka",
"word": "-елка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-elica",
"word": "-елица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-ilka",
"word": "-илка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-ulka",
"word": "-улка"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "бухам (buham, “to bat, to swat”) → бухалка (buhalka, “bat, paddle”)"
},
{
"text": "закачам (zakačam, “to hang over, to hook”) → закачалка (zakačalka, “hanger, peg”)"
},
{
"text": "пръскам (prǎskam, “to sparkle, to spray”) → пръскалка (prǎskalka, “sprayer”)"
},
{
"text": "тупам (tupam, “to beat, to stomp”) → тупалка (tupalka, “beater”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal, forming feminine instrumental or effect nouns."
],
"id": "en--алка-bg-suffix-ib836wMP",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 18 21 12 12 18 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"гриза (griza, “to bite, to fret”) (a/V-conj.) → гризалка (grizalka, “pacifier; small snack”)"
],
"id": "en--алка-bg-suffix-tSlADSZr",
"links": [
[
"гриза",
"гриза#Bulgarian"
],
[
"гризалка",
"гризалка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 18 21 12 12 18 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"снова (snova, “to shunt”) (a/V-conj.) → сновалка (snovalka, “shuttle”)"
],
"id": "en--алка-bg-suffix-Nm8xDSei",
"links": [
[
"снова",
"снова#Bulgarian"
],
[
"сновалка",
"сновалка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 18 21 12 12 18 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ближа (bliža, “to lick”) (a/j-conj.) → близалка (blizalka, “lollipop”)"
],
"id": "en--алка-bg-suffix-SXW2MjsY",
"links": [
[
"ближа",
"ближа#Bulgarian"
],
[
"близалка",
"близалка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 18 21 12 12 18 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"пиша (piša, “to write”) (a/j-conj.) → писалка (pisalka, “pen”)"
],
"id": "en--алка-bg-suffix-RjwvV9ts",
"links": [
[
"пиша",
"пиша#Bulgarian"
],
[
"писалка",
"писалка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 18 21 12 12 18 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 12 10 7 27 3 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian terms suffixed with -ка",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "пърз (pǎrz, “slip”) → *пързам (*pǎrzam) → пързалка (pǎrzalka, “pen”)"
},
{
"text": "ключ (ključ, “key”) → ключая (ključaja, “to clink”) (obsolete) → ключалка (ključalka, “latch, keyhole”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denominal, forming feminine instrumental or effect nouns, probably via an intermediate (often obsolete) factitive verb."
],
"id": "en--алка-bg-suffix-PMS9wd~t",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "when appended to roots ending in a vowel",
"roman": "-jalka",
"word": "-ялка"
}
],
"word": "-алка"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-елка"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -елка (-elka)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Doublet of -елка (-elka) in palatal environments (where earlier -ѣ- /æ/ becomes -я- /ja/ in Eastern dialects).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-alka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-алка • (-alka) f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "-elka",
"word": "-елка"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "бръмча (brǎmča, “to buzz”) (ě/i-conj.) → бръмчалка (brǎmčalka, “buzzer”)"
},
{
"text": "запуша (zapuša, “to tap, to clog”) (ě/i-conj.) → запушалка (zapušalka, “plug”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -елка (-elka)"
],
"id": "en--алка-bg-suffix-s1S60dg2",
"links": [
[
"-елка",
"-елка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "when appended to roots ending in a vowel",
"roman": "-jalka",
"word": "-ялка"
}
],
"word": "-алка"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ал"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian -ал (-al)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "-ка (-ka)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive form of Bulgarian -ал (-al) + -ка (-ka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-alka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-алка • (-alka) f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "вързал (vǎrzal, “knot”) → вързалка (vǎrzalka, “node, tie; elaborate scheme”)"
},
{
"text": "търкал (tǎrkal, “roll, nudge”) → търкалка (tǎrkalka, “rolling, tumbling”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denominal, forming feminine instrumental or resultant nouns."
],
"id": "en--алка-bg-suffix-lg6hjJ3r",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "when appended to roots ending in a vowel",
"roman": "-jalka",
"word": "-ялка"
}
],
"word": "-алка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian feminine suffixes",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian suffixes",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms suffixed with -ка"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ало"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian -ало (-alo)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "-ка (-ka)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-dlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-dlo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ало"
},
"expansion": "-ало (-alo)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-алка"
},
"expansion": "-алка (-alka)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "духам",
"3": "",
"4": "to blow"
},
"expansion": "духам (duham, “to blow”)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "духало",
"3": "",
"4": "blower"
},
"expansion": "духало (duhalo, “blower”)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "духалка",
"3": "",
"4": "fan, ventilator"
},
"expansion": "духалка (duhalka, “fan, ventilator”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive form of Bulgarian -ало (-alo) + -ка (-ka), built upon the instrumental suffix Proto-Slavic *-dlo. In some cases, both the base form in -ало (-alo) and the diminutive form in -алка (-alka) are attested, e.g.:\nдухам (duham, “to blow”) → духало (duhalo, “blower”) → духалка (duhalka, “fan, ventilator”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-alka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-алка • (-alka) f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-lka",
"word": "-лка"
},
{
"roman": "-lica",
"word": "-лица"
},
{
"roman": "-elka",
"word": "-елка"
},
{
"roman": "-elica",
"word": "-елица"
},
{
"roman": "-ilka",
"word": "-илка"
},
{
"roman": "-ulka",
"word": "-улка"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "бухам (buham, “to bat, to swat”) → бухалка (buhalka, “bat, paddle”)"
},
{
"text": "закачам (zakačam, “to hang over, to hook”) → закачалка (zakačalka, “hanger, peg”)"
},
{
"text": "пръскам (prǎskam, “to sparkle, to spray”) → пръскалка (prǎskalka, “sprayer”)"
},
{
"text": "тупам (tupam, “to beat, to stomp”) → тупалка (tupalka, “beater”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal, forming feminine instrumental or effect nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"гриза (griza, “to bite, to fret”) (a/V-conj.) → гризалка (grizalka, “pacifier; small snack”)"
],
"links": [
[
"гриза",
"гриза#Bulgarian"
],
[
"гризалка",
"гризалка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"снова (snova, “to shunt”) (a/V-conj.) → сновалка (snovalka, “shuttle”)"
],
"links": [
[
"снова",
"снова#Bulgarian"
],
[
"сновалка",
"сновалка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ближа (bliža, “to lick”) (a/j-conj.) → близалка (blizalka, “lollipop”)"
],
"links": [
[
"ближа",
"ближа#Bulgarian"
],
[
"близалка",
"близалка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"пиша (piša, “to write”) (a/j-conj.) → писалка (pisalka, “pen”)"
],
"links": [
[
"пиша",
"пиша#Bulgarian"
],
[
"писалка",
"писалка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "пърз (pǎrz, “slip”) → *пързам (*pǎrzam) → пързалка (pǎrzalka, “pen”)"
},
{
"text": "ключ (ključ, “key”) → ключая (ključaja, “to clink”) (obsolete) → ключалка (ključalka, “latch, keyhole”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denominal, forming feminine instrumental or effect nouns, probably via an intermediate (often obsolete) factitive verb."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "when appended to roots ending in a vowel",
"roman": "-jalka",
"word": "-ялка"
}
],
"word": "-алка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian doublets",
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian feminine suffixes",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian suffixes",
"Bulgarian terms suffixed with -ка"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-елка"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -елка (-elka)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Doublet of -елка (-elka) in palatal environments (where earlier -ѣ- /æ/ becomes -я- /ja/ in Eastern dialects).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-alka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-алка • (-alka) f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "-elka",
"word": "-елка"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "бръмча (brǎmča, “to buzz”) (ě/i-conj.) → бръмчалка (brǎmčalka, “buzzer”)"
},
{
"text": "запуша (zapuša, “to tap, to clog”) (ě/i-conj.) → запушалка (zapušalka, “plug”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -елка (-elka)"
],
"links": [
[
"-елка",
"-елка#Bulgarian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "when appended to roots ending in a vowel",
"roman": "-jalka",
"word": "-ялка"
}
],
"word": "-алка"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian feminine suffixes",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian suffixes",
"Bulgarian terms suffixed with -ка"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ал"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian -ал (-al)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "-ка"
},
"expansion": "-ка (-ka)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive form of Bulgarian -ал (-al) + -ка (-ka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-alka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-алка • (-alka) f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "вързал (vǎrzal, “knot”) → вързалка (vǎrzalka, “node, tie; elaborate scheme”)"
},
{
"text": "търкал (tǎrkal, “roll, nudge”) → търкалка (tǎrkalka, “rolling, tumbling”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denominal, forming feminine instrumental or resultant nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "when appended to roots ending in a vowel",
"roman": "-jalka",
"word": "-ялка"
}
],
"word": "-алка"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Bulgarian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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