See aşağı in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "اَشَقْ",
"t": "bottom of a mountain",
"tr": "aşaq"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*āš-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cross (a mountain), to surpass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغی",
"tr": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغه",
"tr": "aşağa"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish aşağı",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From aşağa, the dative form of *aşaq, as in Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”), ultimately from the same etymon as aşmaq: Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”) + -aq.\netymology notes\nPossibly formed as an adjective from aşağa (“downwards”) with the sense \"lower, the lower one; low\" analogically to yuxarı (“upwards; upper; high”) and later reinterpreted as directional adverb itself. The original form aşağa is now considered colloquial or dialectal and proscribed from usage in writing; as such, it is not found in the standard Azerbaijani dictionaries, such as Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti or in Azerbaijani-Russian dictionaries. This is probably due to the fact that the noun *aşaq did not make it into Azerbaijani, so aşağa is not perceived as a dative case of any noun, but rather as a corruption of aşağıya. The latter must be a new dative case form that has been formed with aşağı as the base. Compare also the note on Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı) as a form of Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa) \"used by educated people\" in Meninski (1680).\nThe paradigm of directional/spatial adverbs of height in Azerbaijani must have undergone a morpho-semantic leveling so that senses of yuxarı / aşağı and their derived forms almost completely mirror one another:\n* yuxarı 'upwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → upper; high (adj); upper part (noun)\n*** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: yuxarıya (“upwards”), yuxarıdan (“from above”) etc.\n* aşağa 'downwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → (analogically with yuxarı) aşağı 'lower'; 'low' (adj);\n*** → (analogically with yuxarı) starts being used as a directional adverb 'downwards' along with aşağa and as the noun 'lower part';\n**** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: aşağıya; aşağıdan etc.\n**** → aşağa becomes superfluous in the paradigm, as no equivalent *yuxara exist. It therefore becomes increasingly proscribed.\nThe formation of aşağı from aşağa as a paradigmatic counterpart of yuxarı may have been facilitated by the need for another, neutral concept for 'low, not high' in view of the development of a negative figurative sense in alçaq (“low; → despicable”).\nCompare also reshaping of Turkish aşağı to aşarı, aşaru under the analogical influence of yukarı in Anatolian dialects.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "aşağı",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧şa‧ğı"
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "az",
"name": "Directions",
"orig": "az:Directions",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 0 4 4 12 4 29 5 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 15 0 3 3 12 3 32 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani terms suffixed with -aq",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Get down from there!",
"text": "Düş aşağı oradan!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards, downstairs"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-adv-PZ8Q-i-i",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
],
[
"downstairs",
"downstairs"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aşağa"
},
{
"word": "aşağıya"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lower, below, lower down"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-adv-6XdmaegW",
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"below",
"below"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 12 0 4 4 12 4 29 5 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 15 0 3 3 12 3 32 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani terms suffixed with -aq",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"less than, shorter than"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-adv-vv~YFZVB",
"links": [
[
"less",
"less"
],
[
"than",
"than"
],
[
"shorter",
"shorter"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃːɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Zardabi Bakuvi-aşağı.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "aşağı"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "اَشَقْ",
"t": "bottom of a mountain",
"tr": "aşaq"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*āš-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cross (a mountain), to surpass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغی",
"tr": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغه",
"tr": "aşağa"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish aşağı",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From aşağa, the dative form of *aşaq, as in Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”), ultimately from the same etymon as aşmaq: Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”) + -aq.\netymology notes\nPossibly formed as an adjective from aşağa (“downwards”) with the sense \"lower, the lower one; low\" analogically to yuxarı (“upwards; upper; high”) and later reinterpreted as directional adverb itself. The original form aşağa is now considered colloquial or dialectal and proscribed from usage in writing; as such, it is not found in the standard Azerbaijani dictionaries, such as Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti or in Azerbaijani-Russian dictionaries. This is probably due to the fact that the noun *aşaq did not make it into Azerbaijani, so aşağa is not perceived as a dative case of any noun, but rather as a corruption of aşağıya. The latter must be a new dative case form that has been formed with aşağı as the base. Compare also the note on Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı) as a form of Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa) \"used by educated people\" in Meninski (1680).\nThe paradigm of directional/spatial adverbs of height in Azerbaijani must have undergone a morpho-semantic leveling so that senses of yuxarı / aşağı and their derived forms almost completely mirror one another:\n* yuxarı 'upwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → upper; high (adj); upper part (noun)\n*** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: yuxarıya (“upwards”), yuxarıdan (“from above”) etc.\n* aşağa 'downwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → (analogically with yuxarı) aşağı 'lower'; 'low' (adj);\n*** → (analogically with yuxarı) starts being used as a directional adverb 'downwards' along with aşağa and as the noun 'lower part';\n**** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: aşağıya; aşağıdan etc.\n**** → aşağa becomes superfluous in the paradigm, as no equivalent *yuxara exist. It therefore becomes increasingly proscribed.\nThe formation of aşağı from aşağa as a paradigmatic counterpart of yuxarı may have been facilitated by the need for another, neutral concept for 'low, not high' in view of the development of a negative figurative sense in alçaq (“low; → despicable”).\nCompare also reshaping of Turkish aşağı to aşarı, aşaru under the analogical influence of yukarı in Anatolian dialects.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "daha aşağı",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ən aşağı",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "aşağı (comparative daha aşağı, superlative ən aşağı)",
"name": "az-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧şa‧ğı"
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "yuxarı"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "lower limbs",
"text": "aşağı ətraflar",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "ground floor; downstairs (literally, “lower floor”)",
"text": "aşağı mərtəbə",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "lower voice",
"text": "aşağı səs (in a choire etc.)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower",
"more towards the bottom than the middle of an object"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-adj-w1Gv-KHf",
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "yuxarı"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 12 0 4 4 12 4 29 5 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 15 0 3 3 12 3 32 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani terms suffixed with -aq",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Lower Aylis",
"text": "Aşağı Əylis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Lower Askipara",
"text": "Aşağı Əskipara",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower",
"lower; situated on lower ground"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-adj-cYf9mlgP",
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"lower",
"(in placenames) lower; situated on lower ground"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in placenames"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "yuxarı"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "lower chamber",
"text": "aşağı palata",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower",
"lower"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-adj-MvUe55Xe",
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"lower",
"(parliamentarism) lower"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "yüksək"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "low quality",
"text": "aşağı keyfiyyət",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low post",
"text": "aşağı vəzifə",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low price",
"text": "aşağı qiymət",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low interest loans",
"text": "aşağı faizli kredit",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low pressure",
"text": "aşağı təzyiq",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low blood pressure",
"text": "aşağı qan təzyiqi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"low"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-adj-bB~wnbOn",
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alçaq"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"deep (of a sound or voice, low in frequency or pitch)"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-adj-CUJB2Wgj",
"links": [
[
"deep",
"deep"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃːɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Zardabi Bakuvi-aşağı.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "aşağı"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "اَشَقْ",
"t": "bottom of a mountain",
"tr": "aşaq"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*āš-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cross (a mountain), to surpass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغی",
"tr": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغه",
"tr": "aşağa"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish aşağı",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From aşağa, the dative form of *aşaq, as in Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”), ultimately from the same etymon as aşmaq: Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”) + -aq.\netymology notes\nPossibly formed as an adjective from aşağa (“downwards”) with the sense \"lower, the lower one; low\" analogically to yuxarı (“upwards; upper; high”) and later reinterpreted as directional adverb itself. The original form aşağa is now considered colloquial or dialectal and proscribed from usage in writing; as such, it is not found in the standard Azerbaijani dictionaries, such as Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti or in Azerbaijani-Russian dictionaries. This is probably due to the fact that the noun *aşaq did not make it into Azerbaijani, so aşağa is not perceived as a dative case of any noun, but rather as a corruption of aşağıya. The latter must be a new dative case form that has been formed with aşağı as the base. Compare also the note on Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı) as a form of Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa) \"used by educated people\" in Meninski (1680).\nThe paradigm of directional/spatial adverbs of height in Azerbaijani must have undergone a morpho-semantic leveling so that senses of yuxarı / aşağı and their derived forms almost completely mirror one another:\n* yuxarı 'upwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → upper; high (adj); upper part (noun)\n*** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: yuxarıya (“upwards”), yuxarıdan (“from above”) etc.\n* aşağa 'downwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → (analogically with yuxarı) aşağı 'lower'; 'low' (adj);\n*** → (analogically with yuxarı) starts being used as a directional adverb 'downwards' along with aşağa and as the noun 'lower part';\n**** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: aşağıya; aşağıdan etc.\n**** → aşağa becomes superfluous in the paradigm, as no equivalent *yuxara exist. It therefore becomes increasingly proscribed.\nThe formation of aşağı from aşağa as a paradigmatic counterpart of yuxarı may have been facilitated by the need for another, neutral concept for 'low, not high' in view of the development of a negative figurative sense in alçaq (“low; → despicable”).\nCompare also reshaping of Turkish aşağı to aşarı, aşaru under the analogical influence of yukarı in Anatolian dialects.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aşağını",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "aşağı (definite accusative aşağını, plural aşağılar)",
"name": "az-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧şa‧ğı"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ı"
},
"name": "az-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aşmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aşırı"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-aşırı"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "lower part of the house",
"text": "evin aşağısı",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower part"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-noun-wtkNkdCo",
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 12 0 4 4 12 4 29 5 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 15 0 3 3 12 3 32 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani terms suffixed with -aq",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The price is final, no discount on it.",
"text": "Qiymət sondur, aşağısı yoxdur.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower prise, discount"
],
"id": "en-aşağı-az-noun-~c9b~3ph",
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"prise",
"prise"
],
[
"discount",
"discount"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) lower prise, discount"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃːɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Zardabi Bakuvi-aşağı.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "aşağı"
}
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani adjectives",
"Azerbaijani adverbs",
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
"Azerbaijani nouns",
"Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Azerbaijani terms suffixed with -aq",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Turkic terms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "اَشَقْ",
"t": "bottom of a mountain",
"tr": "aşaq"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*āš-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cross (a mountain), to surpass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغی",
"tr": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغه",
"tr": "aşağa"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish aşağı",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From aşağa, the dative form of *aşaq, as in Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”), ultimately from the same etymon as aşmaq: Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”) + -aq.\netymology notes\nPossibly formed as an adjective from aşağa (“downwards”) with the sense \"lower, the lower one; low\" analogically to yuxarı (“upwards; upper; high”) and later reinterpreted as directional adverb itself. The original form aşağa is now considered colloquial or dialectal and proscribed from usage in writing; as such, it is not found in the standard Azerbaijani dictionaries, such as Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti or in Azerbaijani-Russian dictionaries. This is probably due to the fact that the noun *aşaq did not make it into Azerbaijani, so aşağa is not perceived as a dative case of any noun, but rather as a corruption of aşağıya. The latter must be a new dative case form that has been formed with aşağı as the base. Compare also the note on Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı) as a form of Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa) \"used by educated people\" in Meninski (1680).\nThe paradigm of directional/spatial adverbs of height in Azerbaijani must have undergone a morpho-semantic leveling so that senses of yuxarı / aşağı and their derived forms almost completely mirror one another:\n* yuxarı 'upwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → upper; high (adj); upper part (noun)\n*** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: yuxarıya (“upwards”), yuxarıdan (“from above”) etc.\n* aşağa 'downwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → (analogically with yuxarı) aşağı 'lower'; 'low' (adj);\n*** → (analogically with yuxarı) starts being used as a directional adverb 'downwards' along with aşağa and as the noun 'lower part';\n**** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: aşağıya; aşağıdan etc.\n**** → aşağa becomes superfluous in the paradigm, as no equivalent *yuxara exist. It therefore becomes increasingly proscribed.\nThe formation of aşağı from aşağa as a paradigmatic counterpart of yuxarı may have been facilitated by the need for another, neutral concept for 'low, not high' in view of the development of a negative figurative sense in alçaq (“low; → despicable”).\nCompare also reshaping of Turkish aşağı to aşarı, aşaru under the analogical influence of yukarı in Anatolian dialects.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "aşağı",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧şa‧ğı"
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples",
"az:Directions"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Get down from there!",
"text": "Düş aşağı oradan!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards, downstairs"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
],
[
"downstairs",
"downstairs"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aşağa"
},
{
"word": "aşağıya"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lower, below, lower down"
],
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"below",
"below"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"less than, shorter than"
],
"links": [
[
"less",
"less"
],
[
"than",
"than"
],
[
"shorter",
"shorter"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃːɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Zardabi Bakuvi-aşağı.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "aşağı"
}
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani adjectives",
"Azerbaijani adverbs",
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
"Azerbaijani nouns",
"Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Azerbaijani terms suffixed with -aq",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Turkic terms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "اَشَقْ",
"t": "bottom of a mountain",
"tr": "aşaq"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*āš-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cross (a mountain), to surpass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغی",
"tr": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغه",
"tr": "aşağa"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish aşağı",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From aşağa, the dative form of *aşaq, as in Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”), ultimately from the same etymon as aşmaq: Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”) + -aq.\netymology notes\nPossibly formed as an adjective from aşağa (“downwards”) with the sense \"lower, the lower one; low\" analogically to yuxarı (“upwards; upper; high”) and later reinterpreted as directional adverb itself. The original form aşağa is now considered colloquial or dialectal and proscribed from usage in writing; as such, it is not found in the standard Azerbaijani dictionaries, such as Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti or in Azerbaijani-Russian dictionaries. This is probably due to the fact that the noun *aşaq did not make it into Azerbaijani, so aşağa is not perceived as a dative case of any noun, but rather as a corruption of aşağıya. The latter must be a new dative case form that has been formed with aşağı as the base. Compare also the note on Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı) as a form of Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa) \"used by educated people\" in Meninski (1680).\nThe paradigm of directional/spatial adverbs of height in Azerbaijani must have undergone a morpho-semantic leveling so that senses of yuxarı / aşağı and their derived forms almost completely mirror one another:\n* yuxarı 'upwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → upper; high (adj); upper part (noun)\n*** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: yuxarıya (“upwards”), yuxarıdan (“from above”) etc.\n* aşağa 'downwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → (analogically with yuxarı) aşağı 'lower'; 'low' (adj);\n*** → (analogically with yuxarı) starts being used as a directional adverb 'downwards' along with aşağa and as the noun 'lower part';\n**** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: aşağıya; aşağıdan etc.\n**** → aşağa becomes superfluous in the paradigm, as no equivalent *yuxara exist. It therefore becomes increasingly proscribed.\nThe formation of aşağı from aşağa as a paradigmatic counterpart of yuxarı may have been facilitated by the need for another, neutral concept for 'low, not high' in view of the development of a negative figurative sense in alçaq (“low; → despicable”).\nCompare also reshaping of Turkish aşağı to aşarı, aşaru under the analogical influence of yukarı in Anatolian dialects.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "daha aşağı",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "ən aşağı",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "aşağı (comparative daha aşağı, superlative ən aşağı)",
"name": "az-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧şa‧ğı"
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "yuxarı"
}
],
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "lower limbs",
"text": "aşağı ətraflar",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "ground floor; downstairs (literally, “lower floor”)",
"text": "aşağı mərtəbə",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "lower voice",
"text": "aşağı səs (in a choire etc.)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower",
"more towards the bottom than the middle of an object"
],
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "yuxarı"
}
],
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Lower Aylis",
"text": "Aşağı Əylis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Lower Askipara",
"text": "Aşağı Əskipara",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower",
"lower; situated on lower ground"
],
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"lower",
"(in placenames) lower; situated on lower ground"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in placenames"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "yuxarı"
}
],
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "lower chamber",
"text": "aşağı palata",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower",
"lower"
],
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"lower",
"(parliamentarism) lower"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "yüksək"
}
],
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "low quality",
"text": "aşağı keyfiyyət",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low post",
"text": "aşağı vəzifə",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low price",
"text": "aşağı qiymət",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low interest loans",
"text": "aşağı faizli kredit",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low pressure",
"text": "aşağı təzyiq",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "low blood pressure",
"text": "aşağı qan təzyiqi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"low"
],
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alçaq"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"deep (of a sound or voice, low in frequency or pitch)"
],
"links": [
[
"deep",
"deep"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃːɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Zardabi Bakuvi-aşağı.wav",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "aşağı"
}
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani adjectives",
"Azerbaijani adverbs",
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
"Azerbaijani nouns",
"Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Azerbaijani terms suffixed with -aq",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Turkic terms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "اَشَقْ",
"t": "bottom of a mountain",
"tr": "aşaq"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*āš-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cross (a mountain), to surpass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغی",
"tr": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "اشغه",
"tr": "aşağa"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "aşağı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish aşağı",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From aşağa, the dative form of *aşaq, as in Karakhanid اَشَقْ (aşaq, “bottom of a mountain”), ultimately from the same etymon as aşmaq: Proto-Turkic *āš- (“to cross (a mountain), to surpass”) + -aq.\netymology notes\nPossibly formed as an adjective from aşağa (“downwards”) with the sense \"lower, the lower one; low\" analogically to yuxarı (“upwards; upper; high”) and later reinterpreted as directional adverb itself. The original form aşağa is now considered colloquial or dialectal and proscribed from usage in writing; as such, it is not found in the standard Azerbaijani dictionaries, such as Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti or in Azerbaijani-Russian dictionaries. This is probably due to the fact that the noun *aşaq did not make it into Azerbaijani, so aşağa is not perceived as a dative case of any noun, but rather as a corruption of aşağıya. The latter must be a new dative case form that has been formed with aşağı as the base. Compare also the note on Ottoman Turkish اشغی (aşağı) as a form of Ottoman Turkish اشغه (aşağa) \"used by educated people\" in Meninski (1680).\nThe paradigm of directional/spatial adverbs of height in Azerbaijani must have undergone a morpho-semantic leveling so that senses of yuxarı / aşağı and their derived forms almost completely mirror one another:\n* yuxarı 'upwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → upper; high (adj); upper part (noun)\n*** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: yuxarıya (“upwards”), yuxarıdan (“from above”) etc.\n* aşağa 'downwards' (adv.); attested first.\n** → (analogically with yuxarı) aşağı 'lower'; 'low' (adj);\n*** → (analogically with yuxarı) starts being used as a directional adverb 'downwards' along with aşağa and as the noun 'lower part';\n**** → new nominal derivations by means of case inflection: aşağıya; aşağıdan etc.\n**** → aşağa becomes superfluous in the paradigm, as no equivalent *yuxara exist. It therefore becomes increasingly proscribed.\nThe formation of aşağı from aşağa as a paradigmatic counterpart of yuxarı may have been facilitated by the need for another, neutral concept for 'low, not high' in view of the development of a negative figurative sense in alçaq (“low; → despicable”).\nCompare also reshaping of Turkish aşağı to aşarı, aşaru under the analogical influence of yukarı in Anatolian dialects.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "aşağını",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağısının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aşağılarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "aşağı (definite accusative aşağını, plural aşağılar)",
"name": "az-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧şa‧ğı"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ı"
},
"name": "az-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "aşmaq"
},
{
"word": "aşırı"
},
{
"word": "-aşırı"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "lower part of the house",
"text": "evin aşağısı",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower part"
],
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani colloquialisms",
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The price is final, no discount on it.",
"text": "Qiymət sondur, aşağısı yoxdur.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower prise, discount"
],
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"prise",
"prise"
],
[
"discount",
"discount"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) lower prise, discount"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑʃːɑˈɣɯ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Zardabi Bakuvi-aşağı.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/45/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-a%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "aşağı"
}
Download raw JSONL data for aşağı meaning in Azerbaijani (27.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: parliamentarism",
"path": [
"aşağı"
],
"section": "Azerbaijani",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "aşağı",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: parliamentarism",
"path": [
"aşağı"
],
"section": "Azerbaijani",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "aşağı",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Azerbaijani dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.