"τύραννος" meaning in Ancient Greek

See τύραννος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /tý.ran.nos/, /ˈty.ran.nos/, /ˈti.ra.nos/, /tý.ran.nos/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈty.ran.nos/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈty.ran.nos/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈty.ran.nos/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈti.ra.nos/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Perhaps a borrowing of a Lydian word for “king” or a similar word in another language of Asia Minor, possibly cognate with Proto-Celtic *tigernos (e.g., Gildas' phrase "superbo tyranno Vortigerno"). Compare Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš), [script needed] (tarawanaš), Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”), Τυρρηνός (Turrhēnós, “Etruscan”), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”) and Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”), a surname of Venus, which is probably related. The Hittite term is a compound with first part possibly Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”) and second part cognate to Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax), Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king) i.e., a king who donned the Tyrean purple. Beekes argued for a Pre-Greek origin. Etymology templates: {{bor|grc|xld|-}} Lydian, {{cog|cel-pro|*tigernos}} Proto-Celtic *tigernos, {{cog|hit|tr=šarawanaš}} Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš), {{cog|mis-phi|𐤈𐤓𐤍|t=lord, ruler|tr=ṭrn}} Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”), {{cog|ett|𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍|t=mistress, lady}} Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”), {{cog|phn|𐤑𐤓||Tyre|ts=tzor}} Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”), {{cog|grc|ἄναξ}} Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax), {{cog|gmy|𐀷𐀙𐀏|tr=king}} Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king), {{der|grc|qsb-grc|-}} Pre-Greek Inflection templates: {{grc-adecl|τῠ́ρᾰννος|ον}} Forms: τῠ́ρᾰννος [canonical], túrannos [romanization], τῠ́ρᾰννον [neuter], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], τῠ́ρᾰννος [feminine, masculine, nominative, singular], τῠ́ρᾰννον [neuter, nominative, singular], τῠρᾰ́ννω [dual, feminine, masculine, nominative], τῠρᾰ́ννω [dual, neuter, nominative], τῠ́ρᾰννοι [feminine, masculine, nominative, plural], τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ [neuter, nominative, plural], τῠρᾰ́ννου [feminine, genitive, masculine, singular], τῠρᾰ́ννου [genitive, neuter, singular], τῠρᾰ́ννοιν [dual, feminine, genitive, masculine], τῠρᾰ́ννοιν [dual, genitive, neuter], τῠρᾰ́ννων [feminine, genitive, masculine, plural], τῠρᾰ́ννων [genitive, neuter, plural], τῠρᾰ́ννῳ [dative, feminine, masculine, singular], τῠρᾰ́ννῳ [dative, neuter, singular], τῠρᾰ́ννοιν [dative, dual, feminine, masculine], τῠρᾰ́ννοιν [dative, dual, neuter], τῠρᾰ́ννοις [dative, feminine, masculine, plural], τῠρᾰ́ννοις [dative, neuter, plural], τῠ́ρᾰννον [accusative, feminine, masculine, singular], τῠ́ρᾰννον [accusative, neuter, singular], τῠρᾰ́ννω [accusative, dual, feminine, masculine], τῠρᾰ́ννω [accusative, dual, neuter], τῠρᾰ́ννους [accusative, feminine, masculine, plural], τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ [accusative, neuter, plural], τῠ́ρᾰννε [feminine, masculine, singular, vocative], τῠ́ρᾰννον [neuter, singular, vocative], τῠρᾰ́ννω [dual, feminine, masculine, vocative], τῠρᾰ́ννω [dual, neuter, vocative], τῠ́ρᾰννοι [feminine, masculine, plural, vocative], τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ [neuter, plural, vocative], τῠρᾰ́ννως [adverbial, feminine, masculine, neuter], τῠρᾰννότερος [comparative, feminine, masculine, neuter], τῠρᾰννότᾰτος [feminine, masculine, neuter, superlative]
  1. kingly, royal, regal
    Sense id: en-τύραννος-grc-adj-C1wc3oiH
  2. imperious, despotic
    Sense id: en-τύραννος-grc-adj-dyxxEdx0

Noun

IPA: /tý.ran.nos/, /ˈty.ran.nos/, /ˈti.ra.nos/, /tý.ran.nos/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈty.ran.nos/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈty.ran.nos/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈty.ran.nos/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈti.ra.nos/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Perhaps a borrowing of a Lydian word for “king” or a similar word in another language of Asia Minor, possibly cognate with Proto-Celtic *tigernos (e.g., Gildas' phrase "superbo tyranno Vortigerno"). Compare Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš), [script needed] (tarawanaš), Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”), Τυρρηνός (Turrhēnós, “Etruscan”), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”) and Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”), a surname of Venus, which is probably related. The Hittite term is a compound with first part possibly Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”) and second part cognate to Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax), Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king) i.e., a king who donned the Tyrean purple. Beekes argued for a Pre-Greek origin. Etymology templates: {{bor|grc|xld|-}} Lydian, {{cog|cel-pro|*tigernos}} Proto-Celtic *tigernos, {{cog|hit|tr=šarawanaš}} Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš), {{cog|mis-phi|𐤈𐤓𐤍|t=lord, ruler|tr=ṭrn}} Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”), {{cog|ett|𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍|t=mistress, lady}} Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”), {{cog|phn|𐤑𐤓||Tyre|ts=tzor}} Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”), {{cog|grc|ἄναξ}} Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax), {{cog|gmy|𐀷𐀙𐀏|tr=king}} Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king), {{der|grc|qsb-grc|-}} Pre-Greek Head templates: {{grc-noun|τῠρᾰ́ννου|m|second|g2=f|head=τῠ́ρᾰννος}} τῠ́ρᾰννος • (túrannos) m or f (genitive τῠρᾰ́ννου); second declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|τύ˘ρᾰννος|ου|form=MF}} Forms: τῠ́ρᾰννος [canonical], túrannos [romanization], τῠρᾰ́ννου [genitive], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], [nominative, singular], ἡ τῠ́ρᾰννος [nominative, singular], τὼ τῠρᾰ́ννω [dual, nominative], οἱ [nominative, plural], αἱ τῠ́ρᾰννοι [nominative, plural], τοῦ [genitive, singular], τῆς τῠρᾰ́ννου [genitive, singular], τοῖν τῠρᾰ́ννοιν [dual, genitive], τῶν τῠρᾰ́ννων [genitive, plural], τῷ [dative, singular], τῇ τῠρᾰ́ννῳ [dative, singular], τοῖν τῠρᾰ́ννοιν [dative, dual], τοῖς [dative, plural], ταῖς τῠρᾰ́ννοις [dative, plural], τὸν [accusative, singular], τὴν τῠ́ρᾰννον [accusative, singular], τὼ τῠρᾰ́ννω [accusative, dual], τοὺς [accusative, plural], τᾱ̀ς τῠρᾰ́ννους [accusative, plural], τῠ́ρᾰννε [singular, vocative], τῠρᾰ́ννω [dual, vocative], τῠ́ρᾰννοι [plural, vocative]
  1. absolute ruler (i.e. of gods, kings), initially applied to Lydian king Γύγης (Gúgēs)
    Sense id: en-τύραννος-grc-noun-pnXV12r9 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 9 9 33 31 9 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 9 9 33 31 9 9
  2. (with negative connotation) tyrant, dictator, despot
    Sense id: en-τύραννος-grc-noun-OpTnM6x8 Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension, Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension, Mycenaean Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 6 5 24 64 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension: 5 6 23 66 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension: 6 6 23 66 Disambiguation of Mycenaean Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 13 7 21 60 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 9 9 33 31 9 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 9 9 33 31 9 9
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: οἰκοτῠ́ρᾰννος (oikotúrannos), τῠραννεύω (turanneúō), τῠραννέω (turannéō), τῠραννίᾱ (turanníā), τῠραννῐκός (turannikós), τῠραννίς (turannís)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "oikotúrannos",
      "word": "οἰκοτῠ́ρᾰννος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "turanneúō",
      "word": "τῠραννεύω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "turannéō",
      "word": "τῠραννέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "turanníā",
      "word": "τῠραννίᾱ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "turannikós",
      "word": "τῠραννῐκός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "turannís",
      "word": "τῠραννίς"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cop",
            "2": "ⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲟⲥ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Coptic: ⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲟⲥ (turanos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Coptic: ⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲟⲥ (turanos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "tyrannus",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latin: tyrannus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latin: tyrannus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "tironas",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Lithuanian: tironas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Lithuanian: tironas"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "xld",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lydian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*tigernos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tigernos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "šarawanaš"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mis-phi",
        "2": "𐤈𐤓𐤍",
        "t": "lord, ruler",
        "tr": "ṭrn"
      },
      "expansion": "Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ett",
        "2": "𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍",
        "t": "mistress, lady"
      },
      "expansion": "Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phn",
        "2": "𐤑𐤓",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Tyre",
        "ts": "tzor"
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄναξ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmy",
        "2": "𐀷𐀙𐀏",
        "tr": "king"
      },
      "expansion": "Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perhaps a borrowing of a Lydian word for “king” or a similar word in another language of Asia Minor, possibly cognate with Proto-Celtic *tigernos (e.g., Gildas' phrase \"superbo tyranno Vortigerno\").\nCompare Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš), [script needed] (tarawanaš), Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”), Τυρρηνός (Turrhēnós, “Etruscan”), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”) and Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”), a surname of Venus, which is probably related.\nThe Hittite term is a compound with first part possibly Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”) and second part cognate to Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax), Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king) i.e., a king who donned the Tyrean purple.\nBeekes argued for a Pre-Greek origin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "túrannos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ",
      "roman": "ho",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ τῠ́ρᾰννος",
      "roman": "hē túrannos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "tṑ turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ",
      "roman": "hoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ τῠ́ρᾰννοι",
      "roman": "hai túrannoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ",
      "roman": "toû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς τῠρᾰ́ννου",
      "roman": "tês turánnou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "toîn turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν τῠρᾰ́ννων",
      "roman": "tôn turánnōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ",
      "roman": "tôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ τῠρᾰ́ννῳ",
      "roman": "têi turánnōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "toîn turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς",
      "roman": "toîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς τῠρᾰ́ννοις",
      "roman": "taîs turánnois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν",
      "roman": "tòn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "tḕn túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "tṑ turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς",
      "roman": "toùs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς τῠρᾰ́ννους",
      "roman": "tā̀s turánnous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννε",
      "roman": "túranne",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννοι",
      "roman": "túrannoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τῠρᾰ́ννου",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second",
        "g2": "f",
        "head": "τῠ́ρᾰννος"
      },
      "expansion": "τῠ́ρᾰννος • (túrannos) m or f (genitive τῠρᾰ́ννου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τύ˘ρᾰννος",
        "2": "ου",
        "form": "MF"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 33 31 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 33 31 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "absolute ruler (i.e. of gods, kings), initially applied to Lydian king Γύγης (Gúgēs)"
      ],
      "id": "en-τύραννος-grc-noun-pnXV12r9",
      "links": [
        [
          "Γύγης",
          "Γύγης#Ancient_Greek"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 5 24 64",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 6 23 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 23 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 7 21 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mycenaean Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 33 31 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 33 31 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tyrant, dictator, despot"
      ],
      "id": "en-τύραννος-grc-noun-OpTnM6x8",
      "links": [
        [
          "tyrant",
          "tyrant"
        ],
        [
          "dictator",
          "dictator"
        ],
        [
          "despot",
          "despot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with negative connotation) tyrant, dictator, despot"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with negative connotation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tý.ran.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈti.ra.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tý.ran.nos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈti.ra.nos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "τύραννος"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "xld",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lydian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*tigernos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tigernos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "šarawanaš"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mis-phi",
        "2": "𐤈𐤓𐤍",
        "t": "lord, ruler",
        "tr": "ṭrn"
      },
      "expansion": "Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ett",
        "2": "𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍",
        "t": "mistress, lady"
      },
      "expansion": "Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phn",
        "2": "𐤑𐤓",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Tyre",
        "ts": "tzor"
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄναξ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmy",
        "2": "𐀷𐀙𐀏",
        "tr": "king"
      },
      "expansion": "Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perhaps a borrowing of a Lydian word for “king” or a similar word in another language of Asia Minor, possibly cognate with Proto-Celtic *tigernos (e.g., Gildas' phrase \"superbo tyranno Vortigerno\").\nCompare Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš), [script needed] (tarawanaš), Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”), Τυρρηνός (Turrhēnós, “Etruscan”), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”) and Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”), a surname of Venus, which is probably related.\nThe Hittite term is a compound with first part possibly Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”) and second part cognate to Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax), Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king) i.e., a king who donned the Tyrean purple.\nBeekes argued for a Pre-Greek origin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "túrannos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννος",
      "roman": "túrannos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννοι",
      "roman": "túrannoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ",
      "roman": "túranna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννου",
      "roman": "turánnou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννου",
      "roman": "turánnou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννων",
      "roman": "turánnōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννων",
      "roman": "turánnōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννῳ",
      "roman": "turánnōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννῳ",
      "roman": "turánnōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοις",
      "roman": "turánnois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοις",
      "roman": "turánnois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννους",
      "roman": "turánnous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ",
      "roman": "túranna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννε",
      "roman": "túranne",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννοι",
      "roman": "túrannoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ",
      "roman": "túranna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννως",
      "roman": "turánnōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰννότερος",
      "roman": "turannóteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰννότᾰτος",
      "roman": "turannótatos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τῠ́ρᾰννος",
        "2": "ον"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "kingly, royal, regal"
      ],
      "id": "en-τύραννος-grc-adj-C1wc3oiH",
      "links": [
        [
          "kingly",
          "kingly"
        ],
        [
          "royal",
          "royal"
        ],
        [
          "regal",
          "regal"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "imperious, despotic"
      ],
      "id": "en-τύραννος-grc-adj-dyxxEdx0",
      "links": [
        [
          "imperious",
          "imperious"
        ],
        [
          "despotic",
          "despotic"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tý.ran.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈti.ra.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tý.ran.nos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈti.ra.nos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "τύραννος"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek adjectives",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek nouns with multiple genders",
    "Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Lydian",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Lydian",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Mycenaean Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "oikotúrannos",
      "word": "οἰκοτῠ́ρᾰννος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "turanneúō",
      "word": "τῠραννεύω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "turannéō",
      "word": "τῠραννέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "turanníā",
      "word": "τῠραννίᾱ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "turannikós",
      "word": "τῠραννῐκός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "turannís",
      "word": "τῠραννίς"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cop",
            "2": "ⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲟⲥ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Coptic: ⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲟⲥ (turanos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Coptic: ⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲟⲥ (turanos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "tyrannus",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latin: tyrannus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latin: tyrannus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "tironas",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Lithuanian: tironas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Lithuanian: tironas"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "xld",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lydian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*tigernos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tigernos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "šarawanaš"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mis-phi",
        "2": "𐤈𐤓𐤍",
        "t": "lord, ruler",
        "tr": "ṭrn"
      },
      "expansion": "Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ett",
        "2": "𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍",
        "t": "mistress, lady"
      },
      "expansion": "Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phn",
        "2": "𐤑𐤓",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Tyre",
        "ts": "tzor"
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄναξ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmy",
        "2": "𐀷𐀙𐀏",
        "tr": "king"
      },
      "expansion": "Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perhaps a borrowing of a Lydian word for “king” or a similar word in another language of Asia Minor, possibly cognate with Proto-Celtic *tigernos (e.g., Gildas' phrase \"superbo tyranno Vortigerno\").\nCompare Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš), [script needed] (tarawanaš), Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”), Τυρρηνός (Turrhēnós, “Etruscan”), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”) and Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”), a surname of Venus, which is probably related.\nThe Hittite term is a compound with first part possibly Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”) and second part cognate to Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax), Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king) i.e., a king who donned the Tyrean purple.\nBeekes argued for a Pre-Greek origin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "túrannos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννου",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ",
      "roman": "ho",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ τῠ́ρᾰννος",
      "roman": "hē túrannos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "tṑ turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ",
      "roman": "hoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ τῠ́ρᾰννοι",
      "roman": "hai túrannoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ",
      "roman": "toû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς τῠρᾰ́ννου",
      "roman": "tês turánnou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "toîn turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν τῠρᾰ́ννων",
      "roman": "tôn turánnōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ",
      "roman": "tôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ τῠρᾰ́ννῳ",
      "roman": "têi turánnōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "toîn turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς",
      "roman": "toîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς τῠρᾰ́ννοις",
      "roman": "taîs turánnois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν",
      "roman": "tòn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "tḕn túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "tṑ turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς",
      "roman": "toùs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς τῠρᾰ́ννους",
      "roman": "tā̀s turánnous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννε",
      "roman": "túranne",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννοι",
      "roman": "túrannoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τῠρᾰ́ννου",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second",
        "g2": "f",
        "head": "τῠ́ρᾰννος"
      },
      "expansion": "τῠ́ρᾰννος • (túrannos) m or f (genitive τῠρᾰ́ννου); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τύ˘ρᾰννος",
        "2": "ου",
        "form": "MF"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "absolute ruler (i.e. of gods, kings), initially applied to Lydian king Γύγης (Gúgēs)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Γύγης",
          "Γύγης#Ancient_Greek"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tyrant, dictator, despot"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tyrant",
          "tyrant"
        ],
        [
          "dictator",
          "dictator"
        ],
        [
          "despot",
          "despot"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(with negative connotation) tyrant, dictator, despot"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with negative connotation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tý.ran.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈti.ra.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tý.ran.nos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈti.ra.nos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "τύραννος"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek adjectives",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek nouns with multiple genders",
    "Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Lydian",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Lydian",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Mycenaean Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "xld",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Lydian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*tigernos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tigernos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "šarawanaš"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mis-phi",
        "2": "𐤈𐤓𐤍",
        "t": "lord, ruler",
        "tr": "ṭrn"
      },
      "expansion": "Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ett",
        "2": "𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍",
        "t": "mistress, lady"
      },
      "expansion": "Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phn",
        "2": "𐤑𐤓",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Tyre",
        "ts": "tzor"
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄναξ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmy",
        "2": "𐀷𐀙𐀏",
        "tr": "king"
      },
      "expansion": "Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qsb-grc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Pre-Greek",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perhaps a borrowing of a Lydian word for “king” or a similar word in another language of Asia Minor, possibly cognate with Proto-Celtic *tigernos (e.g., Gildas' phrase \"superbo tyranno Vortigerno\").\nCompare Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš), [script needed] (tarawanaš), Philistine 𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn, “lord, ruler”), Τυρρηνός (Turrhēnós, “Etruscan”), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”) and Etruscan 𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌏𐌍 (turon, “mistress, lady”), a surname of Venus, which is probably related.\nThe Hittite term is a compound with first part possibly Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /⁠tzor⁠/, “Tyre”) and second part cognate to Ancient Greek ἄναξ (ánax), Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (king) i.e., a king who donned the Tyrean purple.\nBeekes argued for a Pre-Greek origin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννος",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "túrannos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννος",
      "roman": "túrannos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννοι",
      "roman": "túrannoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ",
      "roman": "túranna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννου",
      "roman": "turánnou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννου",
      "roman": "turánnou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννων",
      "roman": "turánnōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννων",
      "roman": "turánnōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννῳ",
      "roman": "turánnōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννῳ",
      "roman": "turánnōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοιν",
      "roman": "turánnoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοις",
      "roman": "turánnois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννοις",
      "roman": "turánnois",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννους",
      "roman": "turánnous",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ",
      "roman": "túranna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννε",
      "roman": "túranne",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννον",
      "roman": "túrannon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννω",
      "roman": "turánnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννοι",
      "roman": "túrannoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠ́ρᾰννᾰ",
      "roman": "túranna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰ́ννως",
      "roman": "turánnōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰννότερος",
      "roman": "turannóteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῠρᾰννότᾰτος",
      "roman": "turannótatos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "τῠ́ρᾰννος",
        "2": "ον"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "kingly, royal, regal"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kingly",
          "kingly"
        ],
        [
          "royal",
          "royal"
        ],
        [
          "regal",
          "regal"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "imperious, despotic"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "imperious",
          "imperious"
        ],
        [
          "despotic",
          "despotic"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tý.ran.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈti.ra.nos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tý.ran.nos/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈty.ran.nos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈti.ra.nos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "τύραννος"
}

Download raw JSONL data for τύραννος meaning in Ancient Greek (16.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: τύραννος/Ancient Greek 'Number' base_tags={'s', 'o', 'n', 'd', 'e', '2', 'i', 'l', 'A', 't', '-', 'c'}",
  "path": [
    "τύραννος"
  ],
  "section": "Ancient Greek",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "τύραννος",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.